Hard flaccid

BACKGROUND: Ethiopia joined the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1996, and by the end of December 2001 circulation of indigenous Wild Polio Virus (WPV) had been interrupted. Nonetheless, the country experienced multiple importations during 2004-2008, and in 2013. We characterize the 2013 outbreak investigations and response activities, and document lessons learned. METHOD: The data were pulled from different field investigation reports and from the national surveillance database for Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP)...

Previous studies have suggested that parameters measured in the flaccid state (FS) by penile duplex Doppler ultrasound (PDDU) may predict the outcome after intracavernosal injection (ICI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between peak systolic velocity (PSV) and cavernosal artery diameter (CAD) in the FS with PSV and clinical assessment of erection hardness (CAEH) after ICI. Fifty patients who underwent PDDU for erectile dysfunction were prospectively enrolled. PSV and CAD were measured in FS and then correlated with PSV and CAEH after ICI of 20 μg of e1 prostaglandin (PGe1)...

Guillain-Barrè syndrome (GBS) is an acute, paralyzing, inflammatory peripheral nerve disease, featured by monophasic disease course, symmetrical limb weakness and areflexia. Several pathologies can mimic the clinical presentation of GBS, making hard the differential diagnosis for patients complaining of acute flaccid paralysis. In this paper we describe three cases of different neurological diseases presenting with acute motor symptoms mimicking GBS, reviewing the relevant literature on misdiagnosis of GBS...

INTRODUCTION: Outcome data of penile traction therapy (PTT) for the acute phase (AP) of Peyronie's disease (PD) have not been specifically studied. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a penile extender device for the treatment of patients with AP of PD. METHODS: A total of 55 patients underwent PTT for 6 months and were compared with 41 patients with AP of PD who did not receive active treatment ("no intervention group" [NIG])...

The oral anatomy of the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) consists of several major structures crucial to its engulfment method of feeding, such as stiff keratinized baleen plates, a large flaccid tongue, and a prominent vomer. One under-documented part of this anatomy is the cream white Zwischensubstanz that holds the baleen plates to the rostrum at their dorsal base. The mechanical and structural properties of Zwischensubstanz play a key role in baleen plate dynamics and, on the grand scale, contribute to baleen whales' filtration efficiency and attainment of large body size...

BACKGROUND: Peyronie's disease is an acquired connective tissue disorder of the penile tunica albuginea with fibrosis and inflammation. The disease produces palpable plaques, penile curvature and pain during erections. Patients report negative effects in four major domains: physical appearance and self-image, sexual function and performance. These changes damage sexual life and compromise the quality of life. Our objective is to review the patient's sexual life after penile tunical plicature using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) questionnaires...

INTRODUCTION: Although different techniques for augmentation phalloplasty have been reported in the medical literature, this issue is still highly controversial, and none of the proposed procedures has been unanimously approved. AIMS: The aim of this study is to describe an innovative surgical technique for penile girth augmentation with porcine dermal acellular grafts, through a small transverse incision at the penile base, along the penopubic junction. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2009, 104 patients were referred to our institution for penile enhancement...

Paralysis due to hypokalemia results from an acute shift of potassium into cells or excessive potassium deficit. In the absence of potassium deficit, it is observed in Familial Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis and in Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis (TPP). This report describes the initial presentation of hyperthyroidism as sudden quadriplegia associated with hypokalemia. A healthy 25-year-old Puerto Rican policeman came to the emergency room with sudden paralysis in the four extremities of five hours evolution...

INTRODUCTION: The common surgery for venous leakage was not very successful; unsatisfactory long-term results have reduced the indications for venous surgery for erectile dysfunction (ED). AIMS: To assess the outcomes of embedding the deep dorsal vein of the penis (EDDVP), a new surgical technique used in patients with penile deep dorsal venous leakage of ED. METHODS: Between December 2001 and November 2007, 17 patients diagnosed with penile deep dorsal venous leakage of ED underwent embedding the deep dorsal vein of the penis...

OBJECTIVES: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a major health problem that seriously affects the quality of life of patients and their partners. Although all three selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) are effective in the majority of ED cases, PDE5-I therapy is less efficacious in some hard-to-treat populations (diabetics, men after radical prostatectomy), prompting the development of new approaches, including gene therapy strategies for ED. METHODS: Gene therapy approaches are discussed in terms of the possible role of gene therapy for the treatment of ED, potential targets for gene transfer, vectors to carry targeted genes, and gene strategies for ED in certain disease states, such as diabetes, ageing, arterial and venogenic insufficiency, and cavernous nerve injury...

The purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate a new heel cushion in shoes for use with knee-ankle-foot orthoses having a medial single hip joint (Primewalk orthoses) in order to improve walking velocity and efficiency. Primewalk orthoses and shoes were made for a 24-year-old man having paraplegia with flaccid paresis (level T-7; grade A, ASIA impairment scale) of 2 years' duration. Walking exercises were assigned. Shoes were modified with the sole made of hard rubber and the addition of soft rubber heel cushions...

A condition colloquially referred to as "limber tail" and "cold tail" is familiar to people working with hunting dogs, primarily Pointers and Labrador Retrievers. The typical case consists of an adult dog that suddenly develops a flaccid tail. The tail either hangs down from the tail base or is held out horizontally for several inches from the tail base and then hangs straight down or at some degree below horizontal. Initially, the hair on the dorsal aspect of the proximal tail may be raised and dogs may resent palpation of the area 3-4 inches (8-10 cm) from the tail base...

There are two basic mechanisms of bowel control: anatomic and neurologic. The structures involved in bowel control include the colon, rectum, internal and external anal sphincters, and pelvic musculature. Also involved is the process of neural innervation. A pediatric patient's bowel function and control are altered as a result of spinal pathology. Upper motor neuron lesions leave the reflex arc intact but with a lack of voluntary control. Stimulation and timing are important in the development of a successful bowel program for pediatric patients with these lesions...

A 6-year-old boy was seen for post-traumatic priapism which had been present for 4 days. Intracavernous injection of metaraminol was performed to reduce the arterial blood inflow of the penis. Within 30 min after the injection, the penis became flaccid, and the prognosis was good. Recently it was reported that there are two different types of priapism. Type 1 priapism is due to blood stasis. This type is well known and characterized by extremely hard corpora and painful penis. Type 2 is caused by increased arterial blood flow of penis...

Foot and ankle deformity in the face of neuromuscular involvement will challenge the podiatric surgeon's ingenuity. The basic principles of management of the various major conditions encountered in spastic and flaccid muscle paralysis-paresis has been discussed. The use of a combined approach of hard and soft tissue surgery is emphasized as well as an intimate understanding of the specific neuromuscular process itself.

An account is given of a laboratory investigation designed to evaluate the extent to which the freshwater pulmonate snail Biomphalaria glabrata (Say) can utilize various species of aquatic plants, mainly macrophytes, when presented in the following forms over different time scales: normal plants; dried plant material; homogenized plant material in calcium alginate matrices; water-soluble filtrates of plant homogenates in the medium. The following propositions, derived from the theory of phased coevolution of components of the module consisting of the epiphytic bacteria, algae, snails and macrophytes, are evaluated on the basis of the present results and others including those obtained in this laboratory...

1. The aim of the investigation was to study the influence of steady isometric contractions on H reflexes of human soleus muscle. 2. Stimulating and recording conditions were hardly affected by plantar flexions which subjects maintained in a force matching task. 3. If the interval between a preceding control and the test stimulus was less than 8 s the test H reflex was depressed in the relaxed subject. The depression was diminished or removed if the test reflex was superimposed on a background activity. The interval between control and test H reflex was at least 8 s in the following experiments...

In preparing for competitive body building, body builders--in addition to continuous and hard muscle training--engage in stringent dietetic manipulations: the first few months of hypercaloric nutrition, rich in proteins, are devoted to the build-up of muscle mass. A second phase of reduced caloric intake is designed reduce subcutaneous fat, while, during the last week of preparations, extreme carbohydrate intake aims at loading muscles with glycogen. Simultaneously, sodium and water restriction results in extracellular and therefore subcutaneous volume deficit and better "definition" of muscle contours and structure...

Twenty-two patients with pilomatricoma seen from January 1986 to October 1990 were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence of pilomatricoma in our dermatopathologic material is 1 in every 50 cases of skin tumors. Male to female ratio is 1:2. Half of the tumors appeared before the age of 30. Most of the tumors develop in the head, neck and upper extremities. Two pilomatricomas appeared with overlying bullae. Pathologically, multiple dilated lymphatics in the dermis were found above the typical nests of shadow cells and basophilic cells...