keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38313955/septic-embolic-encephalitis-following-cardiac-valve-replacement
#21
Dallin Judd, Jake Oldham, James Lish
This paper presents a detailed case study of a 48-year-old male who underwent ascending aortic aneurysm repair with a bioprosthetic valve five years prior and subsequently developed septic embolic encephalitis, an infrequent yet critical complication following cardiac valve replacement. The patient exhibited an array of initial symptoms, including generalized weakness, fatigue, fevers, chills, diarrhea, and altered mentation. Microbiological analysis of blood cultures revealed the presence of Enterococcus , and echocardiogram examination demonstrated vegetation on the prosthetic valve...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296584/risk-stratification-of-delayed-causative-aneurysm-detection-and-long-term-outcome-in-angiographically-negative-spontaneous-subarachnoid-haemorrhage
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Wang, Jian-Feng Meng, Shuo Wang, Ji-Zong Zhao, Yong Cao
BACKGROUND: The risk factors of aetiology and poor outcome in angiographically negative subarachnoid haemorrhage (anSAH) were unclearly. METHODS: The authors performed a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database for anSAH patients between 2014 and 2018. AnSAH was defined as SAH presents in CT with no underlying vascular abnormality on initial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) within 72 hours of admission. Baseline and follow-up information, including medical history, bleeding pattern (perimesencephalic angiogram-negative SAH (PAN-SAH) and non-PAN-negative SAH (NPAN-SAH)), modified Fisher Scale (mFS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), Hunt-Hess grade, repeated imaging and causative vascular lesions and follow-up modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were reviewed...
January 31, 2024: Stroke and Vascular Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38288164/early-mobilization-and-rehabilitation-to-enhance-the-functional-performance-of-a-hemiparesis-patient-following-a-subdural-and-subarachnoid-hematoma-with-pneumocephalus-a-case-report
#23
Disha K Rathi, Shraddha S Kochar, Snehal Samal, Akshaya Saklecha
A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a medical condition caused by a violent head trauma in which blood accumulates excessively under the dura mater. It occurs when a blood arterial weak point or brain surface aneurysm ruptures and bleeds. The resulting blood accumulation inside and around the skull raises the pressure on the brain. Pneumocephalus, also known as pneumatocele or intracranial aerogel, refers to air in the ventricular cavities or brain parenchyma's epidural, subdural, or subarachnoid spaces. In most cases, neurotrauma is the primary cause of pneumocephalus, mainly when there are skull base fractures...
December 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38261024/evaluation-of-fresh-scores-in-predicting-outcome-and-quality-of-life-after-aneurysmal-subarachnoid-haemorrhage-in-a-european-patient-cohort
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Björn B Hofmann, Evgenia P Gundlach, Igor Fischer, Sajjad Muhammad, Rainer Kram, Kerim Beseoglu, Jan F Cornelius
BACKGROUND: Despite aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) patients often experiencing physical and mental disabilities impacting their quality of life (QoL), routine assessment of long-term QoL data and predictive tools are limited. This study evaluates the newly developed "functional recovery expected after subarachnoid haemorrhage" (FRESH) scores with long-term outcomes and QoL in European aSAH patients. METHODS: FRESH, FRESH-cog, and FRESH-quol scores were retrospectively obtained from aSAH patients...
January 23, 2024: Acta Neurochirurgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38222756/magnitude-of-dural-tear-and-its-associated-factors-among-patients-with-depressed-skull-fracture
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yohannis D Molla, Hirut T Alemu, Samrawit A Kassa, Deresse A Gebrehana, Samuel A Abera, Helina E Tebeje, Abel G Demise
INTRODUCTION: Trauma is a huge problem seen in developed countries as well as developing countries. Head injury is a major factor responsible for mortality in young populations. Up to 6% of all head injuries and 11% of severe head traumas might result in a depressed skull fracture (DSF), a catastrophic injury. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dural tear and to identify its predictors. METHOD: A retrospective review of medical records of all patients operated on for DSFs at the University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from 1 January 2021 to 1 January 2023 G...
January 2024: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38159810/aneurysmal-subarachnoid-haemorrhage-volumetric-quantification-of-the-blood-distribution-pattern-to-accurately-predict-the-ruptured-aneurysm-location
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandra Mosteiro, Diego Culebras, Alberto Vargas Solano, Javier Luis Moreno Negrete, Antonio López-Rueda, Laura Llull, Daniel Santana, Leire Pedrosa, Sergio Amaro, Ramón Torné, Joaquim Enseñat
BACKGROUND: In spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) accurate determination of the bleeding source is paramount to guide treatment. Traditionally, the bleeding pattern has been used to predict the aneurysm location. Here, we have tested a software-based tool, which quantifies the volume of intracranial blood and stratifies it according to the regional distribution, to predict the location of the ruptured aneurysm. METHODS: A consecutive series of SAH patients admitted to a single tertiary centre between 2012-2018, within 72 h of onset, harbouring a single intracranial aneurysm...
December 28, 2023: Neurocirugía (English Edition)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38151969/management-of-a-ruptured-posterior-inferior-cerebellar-artery-pica-aneurysm-with-end-to-end-in-situ-bypass-case-report
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lívio Pereira de Macêdo, Delson Culembe Baptista-André, Arlindo Ugulino-Netto, Kauê Franke, Pierre Vansant Oliveira Eugênio, Auricélio Batista Cezar-Junior, Igor Vilela Faquini, Eduardo Vieira de Carvalho-Júnior, Nivaldo S Almeida, Hildo Rocha Cirne Azevedo-Filho
Dissecting posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are uncommon lesions. Their anatomy and the location of the dissection are variable, however, they usually occurs at the origin of the PICA. Dissecting PICA aneurysms generally have non-vascular morphology involving an entire segment of the artery and cannot be cut. Nevertheless, the detection of these vascular lesions has increased latterly, so it is necessary to recognize it and take the appropriate management modalities for these injuries. In this report, we describe a case of a 73-year-old male patient, who presented a history of severe headache, associated with neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, hypoactivity, mental confusion, and walking difficulty...
December 28, 2023: Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38130555/foreign-body-misdiagnosed-as-mucus-plugging-after-percutaneous-tracheostomy
#28
Bothayna Amien, Amer Harky, Amy Hill, Neeraj Mediratta
We report a case of a 59-year-old male who presented with a persistent cough for a year after being discharged from critical care following a subarachnoid haemorrhage. As part of his initial critical care management and in order to allow full neurological assessment, the patient required a period of prolonged mechanical ventilation, which necessitated a percutaneous tracheostomy. Following recovery and subsequent discharge, the patient presented on multiple occasions with cough, undergoing serial computed tomography (CT) scans which reported mucus plugging as a possible cause of the cough...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38113564/dandy-walker-malformation-associated-with-subarachnoid-hemorrhage-a-case-report
#29
Razan S Samman, Mohamed K Gomaa, Bassem Y Sheikh
INTRODUCTION: Dandy-Walker malformation is a rare congenital brain defect characterized by vermian agenesia with cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and posterior fossa enlargement. The etiology is still poorly understood but is presupposed to be multifactorial, infrequently caused by intracranial hemorrhage. We describe a case of male newborn known to have Dandy-Walker malformation associated with subarachnoid bleeding after the delivery, which is a quiet rare presentation only discussed in a few literatures before...
January 2024: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102306/subarachnoid-haemorrhage-or-traumatic-lumbar-puncture-differentiation-by-cerebrospinal-fluid-parameters-in-a-multivariable-approach
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne Zinganell, Klaus Berek, Gabriel Bsteh, Franziska Di Pauli, Verena Rass, Raimund Helbok, Janette Walde, Florian Deisenhammer, Harald Hegen
Lumbar puncture (LP) is recommended in patients with thunderclap headache and negative computed tomography to rule out spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Blood contamination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to traumatic LP poses a diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, routine CSF parameters were investigated to distinguish between SAH and a traumatic LP. CSF red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) count, total protein, CSF colour and supernatant were used for group comparisons of patients with SAH and 'symptomatic controls'...
December 15, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38082049/the-use-of-quantitative-pupillometry-in-brain-death-determination-preliminary-findings
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavlina Lenga, Daniel Kühlwein, Silvia Schönenberger, Jan-Oliver Neumann, Andreas W Unterberg, Christopher Beynon
PURPOSE: Quantitative pupillometry (QP) has been increasingly applied in neurocritical care as an easy-to-use and reliable technique for evaluating the pupillary light reflex (PLR). Here, we report our preliminary findings on using QP for clinical brain death (BD) determination. MATERIALS: This retrospective study included 17 patients ≥ 18 years (mean age, 57.3 years; standard deviation, 15.8 years) with confirmed BD, as defined by German Guidelines for the determination of BD...
December 12, 2023: Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38072159/-aneurysmal-subarachnoid-hemorrhage-and-cocaine-consumption-a-systematic-review-and-metanalysis
#32
REVIEW
William Andres Florez-Perdomo, Juan Sebastian Reyes Bello, Ezequiel García-Ballestas, Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar, Ernest J Barthélemy, Tariq Janjua, Ved Prakash Maurya, Amit Agrawal
BACKGROUND: The use of cocaine can lead to a variety of neurological complications, including cerebral vasoconstriction, ischemia, aneurysm formation, and aneurysm rupture. A previous study has shown that cocaine use is associated with an increased risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between cocaine use and the risk of poor neurological outcomes and mortality in patients with SAH...
December 8, 2023: World Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38065355/current-smoking-status-is-not-a-risk-factor-for-perioperative-outcomes-in-patients-with-aneurysmal-subarachnoid-hemorrhage-who-underwent-craniotomy-repair
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Rienas, Renxi Li, SeungEun Lee, Christopher Rienas
BACKGROUND: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rupture leading to blood accumulating in the subarachnoid region. Smoking status often is a risk factor for postoperative complications for vascular procedures. This study aims to retrospectively examine the effect of being a current tobacco smoker on postoperative outcomes in nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. METHODS: Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent craniotomy were identified in the ACS-NSQIP database...
December 6, 2023: World Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38059221/correlation-of-clinical-features-with-neuroimaging-in-children-with-mild-head-injury
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sangeetha Shenoy, Shruti Patil, Vishal Vishnuram Samaga, Ila Hs
OBJECTIVES: Mild head injury is defined as a pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15 at admission following head trauma. There are no clear indications for neuroimaging in such children. The aim of our study was to analyze the correlation of symptoms commonly encountered following mild head injury with any abnormality on the computed tomography (CT) scan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective and observational study done in a tertiary care hospital...
2023: Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38028064/biliary-atresia-and-posterior-fossa-bleed-chance-or-causality-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature
#35
Susmin Karki, Vikash Chand, Asmita Parajuli, Sushil Kumar Shilpakar, Prakash Regmi, Kabi Raj Bhusal
KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: A newborn with a rare form of biliary atresia had posterior fossa bleed and subarachnoid hemorrhage despite vitamin K prophylaxis, indicating biliary atresia is a causality rather than chance. ABSTRACT: Biliary atresia frequently causes surgical jaundice, resulting in delayed vitamin K deficiency. We report a 28-day-old newborn diagnosed with a rare form of biliary atresia presented with an unusual association of posterior fossa bleed and subarachnoid hemorrhage despite vitamin K prophylaxis...
November 2023: Clinical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38021566/spontaneous-intracranial-hemorrhage-concurrent-with-subarachnoid-and-subdural-hemorrhages-report-of-a-rare-case
#36
Mohammed Khaleel I Kh Almadhoun, Abdallah Wasel Hattab, Nemer Nedal Alazzeh, Sufyan Taleb Aladwan
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is a rare occurrence in the temporal lobe, and its coexistence with other intracranial bleeding types such as subdural hemorrhage (SDH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is infrequently documented. Typically, SICH is managed conservatively without surgical intervention. In this case report, we present an unusual case of SICH in the temporal lobe, characterized by bleeding extending beyond the brain parenchyma into the subarachnoid and subdural spaces. Our approach involved tubular hematoma evacuation (surgical approach)...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020631/endovascular-embolization-for-basal-ganglia-and-thalamic-arteriovenous-malformations
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Lan, Yi-Hui Ma, Yu Feng, Ting-Bao Zhang, Wen-Yuan Zhao, Jin-Cao Chen
BACKGROUND: Basal ganglia and thalamic arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) represent a special subset of malformations. Due to the involvement of vital brain structures and the specifically fine and delicate angioarchitecture of these lesions, it presents unique therapeutic challenges and technical difficulties that require thorough treatment planning, individualized treatment strategies, and advanced techniques for good clinical outcome. METHOD: In this study, we presented a series of ruptured basal ganglia and thalamic AVMs embolized via a transarterial, transvenous or combined approach...
2023: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38018075/unilateral-caudate-infarct-following-pituitary-adenoma-resection
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xavier Wong-Achi, Luis Rodriguez-Hernández, José Herrera-Castro, Marcos Sangrador-Deitos, Juan Luis Gómez-Amador, Ulises García-González
Cerebral ischemic complications after pituitary surgery are not frequently reported. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed, including vasospasm, and delayed cerebral ischemia resulting from postoperative subarachnoid bleeding. Given the unknown etiology of vasospasm following these situations, little is known about its prevention. Through a case report and bibliographic review, the authors warn about the importance of recognizing key signs postoperatively that could indicate increased risk for cerebral vasospasm and must be recognized in a timely manner, with appropriate treatment strategies implemented once these symptoms present...
November 29, 2023: Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38013445/vasospasm-in-pediatric-subarachnoid-hemorrhage
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ioannis Mavridis, Efstratios-Stylianos Pyrgelis, Eleni Agapiou, Jeries Assi
Cerebral vasospasm (CV) is a common severe complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a severe type of intracranial bleeding that is uncommon in children. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature regarding this potentially devastating complication. CV may be asymptomatic and is less common in children compared to adults. Several molecular phenomena, including inflammatory ones, contribute to its pathophysiology. Better collateral circulation and higher cerebral blood flow are protective factors in children...
November 27, 2023: CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37995407/pre-treatment-re-bleeding-following-aneurysmal-subarachnoid-hemorrhage-a-systematic-review-of-published-prediction-models-with-risk-of-bias-and-clinical-applicability-assessment
#40
REVIEW
Arosha S Dissanayake, Kwok M Ho, Timothy J Phillips, Stephen Honeybul, Graeme J Hankey
BACKGROUND: Pre-treatment rebleeding following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) increases the risk of death and a poor neurological outcome. Current guidelines recommend aneurysm treatment "as early as feasible after presentation, preferably within 24 h of onset" to mitigate this risk, a practice termed ultra-early treatment. However, ongoing debate regarding whether ultra-early treatment is independently associated with reduced re-bleeding risk, together with the recognition that re-bleeding occurs even in centres practicing ultra-early treatment due to the presence of other risk-factors has resulted in a renewed need for patient-specific re-bleed risk prediction...
November 22, 2023: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
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