Infraspinatus ultrasound

BACKGROUND: Treatment options for calcific tendinitis (CT) of the shoulder remain controversial. A consensus for an operative indication for this condition is lacking. PURPOSE: To compare nonoperative versus operative treatment for shoulder CT and analyze factors affecting the prognosis after treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: A total of 180 patients diagnosed with symptomatic CT between January 2017 and September 2021 were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study...

BACKGROUND: A full-thickness rotator cuff tear (FTRCT) is defined as a complete tear of one of the four rotator cuff muscle tendons (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis or teres minor). This condition can lead to pain and reduced function. However, not all FTRCT are symptomatic. A better understanding of the characteristics that lead some individuals with FTRCT to experience pain is fundamental to improve strategies used to manage this condition. This level II descriptive study aimed to explore potential sociodemographic, anatomical, psychosocial, pain sensitivity, biomechanical and neuromuscular variables that may differ between individuals with symptomatic FTRCT and age-matched individuals with asymptomatic shoulders...

CLINICAL/METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEM: The rotator cuff is a complex anatomical structure and the integrity is pivotal for the shoulder functionality. The pathologies are often multifactorial, resulting from degenerative, vascular, traumatic and mechanical factors. RADIOLOGICAL STANDARD PROCEDURES: Radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) form the pillars of radiological diagnostics. Each modality has specific advantages and limitations in the visualization and assessment of pathologies of the rotator cuff and biceps tendon...

INTRODUCTION: Fatty infiltration (FI) of the rotator cuff has important clinical implications. Quantitatively estimating FI using ultrasound (US) has considerable benefits for assessing FI in a non-invasive, accessible manner. This research investigated whether FI of the supraspinatus (SS) and infraspinatus (IS), estimated using US was related to intramuscular fat fractions measured from magnetic resonance images (MRI). METHODS: Data from 12 healthy young adult participants were used for analysis...

Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a prevalent shoulder injury that poses challenges for achieving continuous and functional regeneration of the tendon-to-bone interface (TBI). In this study, we controlled the delivery of growth factors (GFs) from liposomal nanohybrid cerasomes by ultrasound and implanted three-dimensional printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds modified with polydopamine loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair tears of the infraspinatus tendon in a lapine model. Direct suturing (control, CTL) was used as a control...

Strengthening the rotator cuff muscles is important for injury prevention and rehabilitation. Since muscle fascicle length improves motor performance and is suggested to reduce the risk of injury for the hamstring, it may be an important variable to promote multidirectional changes in the function and macroscopic structure for the shoulder. Recent literature reviews overwhelmingly suggest that eccentric exercises improve fascicle length and functional measures for the lower limb. However, there is a research gap for the shoulder...

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff (RTC) tendinopathy is a common painful condition of the shoulder that impairs function and quality of life. Nonoperative treatments when physical therapy and oral medications have not resolved the issue often consist of different strategies to improve blood flow and promote growth factors, thereby creating regeneration and healing of injured tissue in the RTC tendons. Acupuncture could serve in a similar role when needles are strategically targeted into injured tissue utilizing ultrasound visualization...

OBJECTIVES: To identify factors associated with shoulder pain in swimmers based on elastic muscle modulus, joint range of motion, and isometric muscle strength. DESIGN: Cohort study. METHODS: Forty-eight competitive swimmers without shoulder pain (age: 18-28 years; men: 29) were followed-up for 6 months. Baseline measurements of the elastic modulus of the pectoralis minor, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, and pectoralis minor muscles were obtained using shear wave elastography...

OBJECTIVES: US with shear wave elastography (SWE) could reduce the burden and costs of the diagnostic process for patients with rotator cuff disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the validity of US and SWE in preoperative assessment of fatty infiltration (FI) and muscle atrophy of the supraspinatus (SSP) and infraspinatus (ISP) muscles. METHODS: Patients with a rotator cuff disorder and a recent shoulder CT or MRI scan were eligible to participate. Goutallier and Warner stages of the SSP and ISP muscle were measured on the scan, for assessment of FI and muscle atrophy, respectively...

PURPOSE: We compared early and late physiotherapy for patients with small and medium size rotator cuff tears following arthroscopic repair. METHODS: A single-centre, single-blinded, prospective parallel RCT was performed with two arms: early physiotherapy (start within the first week) versus late physiotherapy (start 4 weeks after surgery). Patients with small- to medium-sized isolated full-thickness superior rotator cuff tears were included and followed for 12 months...

OBJECTIVES: The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasound to verify the placement of narrow-gauge dry needles within the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles utilizing palpation-based dry needle techniques. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study with 10 participants recruited. Each participant had a dry needle placed within the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles by a trained physical therapist utilizing palpation-based methods...

This report presents the first case of painful anterior shoulder snapping due to a thickened, fibrotic bursa snapping between the subscapularis and the short head of the bicep during external and internal rotation of the humerus. A 46-year-old presented with a 10-month history of on-and-off anterolateral right shoulder pain and snapping. Direct treatment to the anterior suspected lesions partially and temporarily relieved the pain but did not reduce the snapping. Further musculoskeletal examination and dynamic ultrasound scanning showed dysfunction in the scapulothoracic movement and defects of the muscles that interact with the infraspinatus aponeurotic fascia...

Passive shoulder exercises from birth and ultrasound screening from 3 to 12 months. Botox is given to shoulder internal rotators and a bracing commenced, if alpha-angle exceeds 30°, or passive shoulder external rotation is below 70 degrees. Plexus reconstruction is recommended to children with root avulsion(s) on magnetic resonance imaging or 3-month Toronto Test Score < 3.5. Specific neurotization is recommended to children without avulsions, but lack of progress in healing. Shoulder dysplasia was diagnosed in 49% of 270 patients with permanent brachial plexus birth injury in our catchment area from 1995 to 2021...

PURPOSE: To evaluate patient satisfaction at a minimum of 4 years after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) of massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT), to identify preoperative and intraoperative characteristics associated with satisfaction, and to compare clinical outcomes between satisfied and dissatisfied patients. METHODS: A retrospective review on prospectively collected data was conducted on ARCRs of MRCTs performed at 2 institutions between January 2015 and December 2018...

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of patient positioning on tendinosis grade, visible range, and infraspinatus tendon (IST) thickness, and to determine the feasibility of internal rotation (IR) position to assess IST on ultrasound (US). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 52 shoulders of 48 subjects who were evaluated for IST in three different positions: neutral position (N), IR, and position with the ipsilateral hand on the contralateral shoulder (HC)...

BACKGROUND: The societal cost of shoulder disabilities in our aging society keeps rising. Providing biomarkers of early changes in the microstructure of rotator cuff (RC) muscles might improve surgical planning. Elevation angle (E1A) and pennation angle (PA) assessed by ultrasound change with RC tears. Furthermore, ultrasounds lack repeatability. PURPOSE: To propose a repeatable framework to quantify the myocyte angulation in RC muscles. STUDY TYPE: Prospective...

Rotator cuff tear is a common shoulder injury that causes shoulder dysfunction and pain. Although surgical repair is the primary treatment for rotator cuff tear, it is well recognized that impaired force exertion of muscles connecting to the involved tendon and subsequent complemental change in the force exertion of synergist muscles persist even after repair. This study aimed to identify the compensation strategy of shoulder abductors by examining how synergist muscles respond to supraspinatus muscle force deficit in patients with rotator cuff repair...

Purpose  To evaluate the agreement in tear size obtained through preoperative imaging and intraoperative measurement, and to determine the accuracy of preoperative imaging in the classification of tear size and identification of tears in each rotator cuff tendon. Methods  Data from 44 patients recruited to a randomized controlled trial were reviewed retrospectively. Size and location of the rotator cuff tears were confirmed by either ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging scans preoperatively and evaluated during surgery...

Rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy is a common non-traumatic shoulder pain condition that occurs predominantly in the supraspinatus tendon. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT) is a valid treatment in the resorptive phase. A complication of calcific tendinopathy is migration of calcium deposits outside the tendon. The most common site of migration is the subacromialsubdeltoid bursa (SASD). Another, but not frequent, type of migration is the intramuscular migration which mostly affects the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus and the biceps brachii muscles...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of shoulder injuries and ultrasound findings in elite Portuguese swimmers and their association with symptoms and personal or training-related factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Portuguese Open and Youth Swimming National Championships between 27 and 30th July 2022. Each athlete entered details regarding personal and training history into a questionnaire and underwent a physical and ultrasound shoulder examination...