Electro Convulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a widely used psychiatric treatment; however, it remains contentious. It is therefore important that people are provided with accurate and balanced information before consenting to ECT. The aim of this study was to audit and analyse the content and language of ECT information sheets used in local health districts (LHDs) across the state of New South Wales Australia. Descriptive content analysis and evaluative linguistic analysis were used to investigate the information sheets, with findings then considered from a mad studies perspective...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, prevalent neurodegenerative disease. It is mainly characterized by motor symptoms such as rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, but it can also manifest with non-motor symptoms, of which depression is the most frequent. The latter can impair the quality of life, yet it gets overlooked and goes untreated because of the significant overlap in their clinical features, hence making the diagnosis difficult. Furthermore, there is limited data on the availability of appropriate criteria for making the diagnosis of depression in PD patients, as it can occur with varying expressions throughout the course of PD or it can also precede it...

Catatonia is a complex amalgamation of neuropsychiatric symptoms that can manifest in both psychiatric and neurological conditions. The treatment of catatonia related to psychiatric illnesses is well documented as it typically responds to benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). However, the treatment of catatonia related to neurological disorders has shown to be more difficult, particularly when associated with Lewy Body Dementia (LBD). Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old woman with LBD, Bipolar I, depressive type, who successfully underwent twelve ECT sessions to treat catatonia refractory to benzodiazepine therapy...

BACKGROUND: The National Mental Health Survey reports a prevalence of 2.7% for depressive disorders in India. The services for depression patients may be organized differently in India as compared to Western countries. It is important to consider studies conducted in India to determine effective interventions for depression catered specifically to the needs of the Indian population. We intended to systematically review the articles studying the usefulness of various treatment modalities in the management of depression in the Indian context...

Depression is a common condition which causes serious of morbidity among the population. While treatment is often provided with pharmacological antidepressants and psychotherapy, many patients do not respond to such treatment, and therefore algorithms have been proposed to develop treatments for resistant depression. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation is a relatively new form of treatment for depression, which appear to have a good safety profile and appear to be acceptable to patients. Other forms of Brain Stimulation, such as Electro-Convulsive therapy, have a more complex safety profile, and require anaesthesia...

Depression is a common condition which causes serious of morbidity among the population. While treatment is often provided with pharmacological antidepressants and psychotherapy, many patients do not respond to such treatment, and therefore algorithms have been proposed to develop treatments for resistant depression. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation is a relatively new form of treatment for depression, which appear to have a good safety profile and appear to be acceptable to patients. Other forms of Brain Stimulation, such as Electro-Convulsive therapy, have a more complex safety profile, and require anaesthesia...

OBJECTIVES: Status epilepticus-related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SE-SLE) is in general attributed to fulminate neuropsychiatric lupus disease activity, yet the long-term outcome of SE-SLE is not well recognized. This is an observational study of 40 SE-SLE patients pooled from 8 cases at a single tertiary care hospital, and 32 SE-SLE patients identified on a systematic review, with focus on electro-clinical characteristics, imaging studies and the underlying etiology of SE-SLE in correlation with long-term outcome...

BACKGROUND: Depression is often a debilitating and recurrent psychiatric disorder. Depression with suicidal ideation, being a psychiatric emergency, often needs intensive intervention such as Electro-Convulsive Therapy (ECT). ECT may be refused because of stigma and perceived risk. Intravenous ketamine therapy, being an alternative to ECT for quick response compared to routine pharmaco-therapy, is analyzed to determine its effectiveness. METHODS: Among patients suffering from depression with suicidal ideation, intravenous ketamine therapy is routinely offered as an alternative to ECT to the needy in the Department of Psychiatry affiliated with a teaching institute...

UNLABELLED: Catatonia is a psycho-motor disorder associated with various psychiatric, neurological, and medical illnesses. It is due to alteration in GABAergic circuits and basal ganglia. Management includes identifying the underlying cause and handling complications with supportive treatment. It can cause life-threatening complications like dehydration and cardiac arrest. The risks are more in children and adolescent populations. Benzodiazepines and electro-convulsive therapy are treatment modalities...

BACKGROUND: This study explored the impact of theoretical and practical teaching on electro convulsive therapy (ECT) on medical and nursing students' stigmatizing attitudes towards ECT and representations of it. METHOD: Fourth-year medical students and nursing students answered questions from the Questionnaire on Attitudes and Knowledge of ECT (QuAKE) and from the Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes version 2 (MICA v2) scale. The questionnaires were completed before and after observing a 3-hour practical training session in the ECT unit...

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that ketamine can improve suicidality and depression. Evidence for other dimensions of psychopathology is lacking. We undertook a systematic review to investigate the effect of ketamine on cognition, anxiety, quality of life, and social functioning in adults with psychiatric disorders. METHODS: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched up to April 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on ketamine [or its S (+) enantiomer] reporting data on cognition, anxiety, quality of life, social functioning in adults with psychiatric disorders were included...

AIMS: This paper aims to investigate the advances in recent years in the recognition and therapy of treatment-resistant depression starting from the concepts of: depressive disorder, resistance and pseudoresistance to drug treatment in depression, and appropriate treatments of treatment-resistant depression. METHODS: An extensive research was carried out on scientific databases such as: PubMed, PsychInfo and Cochrane Library, until May 2022, using the keywords "major depression", "treatment-resistant depression", "staging", "instrumental therapies for resistant depression", "esketamine" and "psilocybin"...

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment modality for refractory depression and other severe psychiatric diseases. Depression is a common comorbid condition of diabetes. Yet, evidence regarding the effect of ECT on glycemic control in patients with diabetes is limited and conflicting, with reports of both exacerbation and amelioration of hyperglycemia. A 52-year-old Caucasian man with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was admitted for ECT therapy in the setting of worsening depression refractory to medical treatment...

OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric legislation in Denmark implies a principle of using the least intrusive types of coercion first. The intrusiveness is not universally agreed upon. We examined the order in which coercive measures during admission were used, implying that the first used should be less intrusive than the following types. METHODS: For coercive episodes reported to the national administrative register for the period 2011-16, the order of 12 legal coercive interventions during each admission was examined...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Despite decades of experience with ECT, no single agent has emerged as a suitable strategy to mitigate the associated neuro-cognitive deficits. In this first of its kind pilot randomised controlled trial, we sought to demonstrate the effect of yoga on neurocognitive deficits. We found a favourable effect of Yoga in the domain of verbal fluency, however our study did not reveal significant differences in other cognitive domains. Future studies could look to build on this study while addressing the limitations cited...

AIM: It is controversial whether psychotic features are a risk factor for relapse in patients with electroconvulsive therapy-responsive major depressive disorder. A recent study reported that benzodiazepine receptor agonists reduce relapse of psychotic depression. As long-term use of these agonists may induce dependence, further research is required. We examined whether psychotic features are associated with rehospitalization in electroconvulsive therapy-responsive major depressive disorder patients...

BACKGROUND: The cost-effectiveness of treatment strategies for patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who have not responded to two adequate treatments with antidepressants (TRD) are still unclear. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of add-on repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) compared with standard treatment. METHODS: A Markov-model simulated clinical events over one year from the perspective of healthcare payer...

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has a reputation for rapid alleviation of symptoms, mainly in depressive disorders. In the current literature little attention has been paid to speed of response of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. We present the case of a 67-year old woman, diagnosed with schizophrenia and presenting with clozapine-resistant psychotic symptoms that swiftly remitted with ECT. We review the literature on rapid remission of schizophrenic psychosis during a treatment with ECT.

BACKGROUND: The degree of efficacy, safety, quality, and certainty of meta-analytic evidence of biological non-pharmacological treatments in mental disorders is unclear. METHODS: We conducted an umbrella review (PubMed/Cochrane Library/PsycINFO-04-Jul-2021, PROSPERO/CRD42020158827) for meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on deep brain stimulation (DBS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), electro-convulsive therapy (ECT), and others...