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MULTICENTER STUDY
Rob J Fredericksen, Rodney Perkins, Clare E Brown, Chase Cannon, Carolina Lopez, Alison Cohee, Julia Cook Dombrowski, Stephanie Cohen, Cheryl Malinski, Minh Powell, Anne F Luetkemeyer, Connie Celum, Katerina Christopoulos
Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) reduces sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). In a clinical trial of doxy-PEP, we sought to assess acceptability, impact, and meaning of doxy-PEP use among MSM/TGW. We conducted semistructured, in-depth 1:1 interviews with MSM and TGW enrolled in the intervention arm of the Doxy-PEP study. We queried motivations for and meaning of use, attitudes, beliefs, adherence, effect on sexual behaviors, and partner, community, and structural factors related to use...
April 2024: AIDS Patient Care and STDs
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosie Mueller, Derrick Salvatore, Phil Brown, Alissa Cordner
BACKGROUND: Policymakers have become increasingly concerned regarding the widespread exposure and toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). While concerns exist about unequal distribution of PFAS contamination in drinking water, research is lacking. OBJECTIVES: We assess the scope of PFAS contamination in drinking water in New Jersey (NJ), the first US state to develop regulatory levels for PFAS in drinking water. We test for inequities in PFAS concentrations by community sociodemographic characteristics...
April 2024: Environmental Health Perspectives
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Paula Sato, Tiffany Christiny Emmerich da Silva, Thamires Pires de Pontes, Aline Luiza Konell, Luiz Daniel de Barros, Mary Suzan Varaschin, Ivam Moreira de Oliveira Junior, Adrien Wilhelm Dilger Sanches, Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are two closely related protozoans that infect a wide range of animals, including birds. However, the occurrence of N. caninum and T. gondii in seabirds is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the presence of T. gondii and N. caninum DNA in tissue samples of seabirds. Tissue samples of the pectoral muscles, heart, and brain were collected from 47 birds along the coastline of Santa Catarina State, SC, Brazil. The DNA was extracted from the tissues and screened using nested-PCR (nPCR) targeting internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1)...
2024: Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Rafaella Santos Oliveira, Carolina Campos Vieira de Sousa, Juliana Lustosa Torres
This study aimed to examine the sociodemographic profile of sexual and gender minorities who regularly interact with children and investigate whether such frequent interactions are associated with healthcare factors. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the LGBT+ Health Survey in Brazil, conducted online and anonymously from August to November 2020 with 958 participants. Regular interaction with children was defined as living with children or engaging in bi-weekly face-to-face meetings with children residing in different households...
April 2024: Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tai Van Ngo, Kannika Kunyanee, Naphatrapi Luangsakul
Nutritional, physicochemical, functional, antioxidative and digestion properties of brown and white rice flours from four Thai rice varieties (Luangpatue, upland rice, RD43, and Hommali) were investigated and compared. Due to differences in grain color, the color parameters of flours varied significantly. Protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, and moisture content, total dietary fiber, and calories of these rice flours were 6.94-10.21%, 1.68-3.16%. 0.554-1.442%, 71.20-79.68%, 9.79-10.53%, 1.07-3.64%, and 350.82-362...
2024: Current research in food science
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shaojian Li, Jin Yang, Suxia Gao, Xuemeng Li, Yi Wen, Yuxia Liu, YanHong Qin, Xujin Wu, Chuantao Lu, Fei Wang
The cultivated variety of Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. cv. Tiegun) is an economically important plant, capable of producing tubers that are used as food and traditional Chinese medicine. The basal stem rot was found on approximately 65% of yam (tuber expansion stage) in a total of 10 ha field in Wuzhi, Wen, and Hua counties, Henan, China (Sep 2021). Dark brown fusiform lesions initially occurred at the stems basal, irregularly extending to join together and leading to loop-stem necrotic indentation...
April 23, 2024: Plant Disease
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunze Song, Lixue Zhang, Xinyi Huo, Yanpin Wang, Xiaolin Chen, GuoGui Ning, Yanhong He
Lily (Lilium spp.) is a valuable ornamental bulb flower plant in Liliaceae, and its bulbs have high edible and medicinal value. Compared with bulb propagation of other lilies, seed propagation and short growth period are the most significant characteristics of Lilium×formolongi. In 2023, leaf rot disease (LRD) was observed on approximately 70% of the Lilium×formolongi seedlings sown in an experimental greenhouse in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Irregular brown water-soaked spots were discovered in the early stages of infected seedlings...
April 23, 2024: Plant Disease
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Wen Zhang, Zhe Wang, Lan Wang, Shuaishuai Sha, Hongzu Feng, Chengcai Yan
Cherry blossom (Cerasus serrulata) is a plant with important garden applications. It is a newly introduced exotic plants in the Arar region of Xinjiang, China (40°41'18.19″N,81°43'50.55″E). In October 2022, it was discovered that about 30% of cherry blossoms had a canker disease. The leaves of the sick branches were dired, the branches themselves were damaged, with dark brown color inside. Orange-yellow conidia horns were produced in humid condition. Samples were collected from fifteen trees exhibiting notable symptoms...
April 23, 2024: Plant Disease
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Le Wang, Huan Liu, Jie Wu, Kejian Lin, Jianjun Hao, Ruifang Jia, Yuanyuan Zhang
Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is an important forage crop in northern China. In July 2021, leaf spot symptoms were observed on smooth bromegrass in Ewenki Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia. In an area of approximately 0.12 hectares, 95% disease incidence was observed. Ten diseased plants were collected for pathogen isolation. Leaf tissues near the lesions were cut into 5 × 5 mm pieces, surface-disinfested in 75% ethanol for 3 min, and rinsed with sterile distilled water. The pieces were placed on water agar in petri plates and incubated at 25℃ for three days...
April 23, 2024: Plant Disease
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dermoscopic Features of Subcorneal Hematoma on the Palms and Soles: Differences from Acral Melanoma.
Sang-Hyeon Won, Kyung-Nam Bae, Kihyuk Shin, Hoon-Soo Kim, Hyun-Chang Ko, Byung-Soo Kim, Moon-Bum Kim
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of subcorneal hematoma (SH) can be challenging because the clinical presentation of SH can resemble melanocytic lesions. Few studies have examined the characteristic dermoscopic features of SH, but a more detailed large-scale study is needed to overcome the diagnostic challenge of differentiating it from acral melanoma. OBJECTIVES: To describe the dermoscopic features of SH. METHODS: We evaluated the clinical and dermoscopic features of 50 SH lesions from 43 patients at the Pusan National University Hospitals (Busan and Yangsan)...
December 2023: Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica: ADC
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maichou Lor, Elizabeth O'Donnell, Roger Brown, Amanda E Mravec, Sara M Misurelli
PURPOSE: The study's aims were (a) to evaluate hearing status and (b) word recognition ability of Hmong speakers using four validated monosyllabic word recognition tests in the White Hmong dialect and (c) to assess the relationship between the participant's language and the average word recognition percent correct scores, adjusting for age, gender, and degree of hearing loss. METHOD: Participants listened to two randomly assigned validated Hmong word lists (male/female talker) for each ear...
April 22, 2024: American Journal of Audiology
#12
John T González, Kyra Thrush, Margarita Meer, Morgan E Levine, Albert T Higgins-Chen
Studies of the aging transcriptome focus on genes that change with age. But what can we learn from age-invariant genes-those that remain unchanged throughout the aging process? These genes also have a practical application: they serve as reference genes (often called housekeeping genes) in expression studies. Reference genes have mostly been identified and validated in young organisms, and no systematic investigation has been done across the lifespan. Here, we build upon a common pipeline for identifying reference genes in RNA-seq datasets to identify age-invariant genes across seventeen C57BL/6 mouse tissues (brain, lung, bone marrow, muscle, white blood cells, heart, small intestine, kidney, liver, pancreas, skin, brown, gonadal, marrow, and subcutaneous adipose tissue) spanning 1 to 21+ months of age...
April 13, 2024: bioRxiv
#13
Yuyang Chen, Ruebena Dawes, Hyung Chul Kim, Sarah L Stenton, Susan Walker, Alicia Ljungdahl, Jenny Lord, Vijay S Ganesh, Jialan Ma, Alexandra C Martin-Geary, Gabrielle Lemire, Elston N D'Souza, Shan Dong, Jamie M Ellingford, David R Adams, Kirsten Allan, Madhura Bakshi, Erin E Baldwin, Seth I Berger, Jonathan A Bernstein, Natasha J Brown, Lindsay C Burrage, Kimberly Chapman, Alison G Compton, Chloe A Cunningham, Precilla D'Souza, Emmanuèle C Délot, Kerith-Rae Dias, Ellen R Elias, Carey-Anne Evans, Lisa Ewans, Kimberly Ezell, Jamie L Fraser, Lyndon Gallacher, Casie A Genetti, Christina L Grant, Tobias Haack, Alma Kuechler, Seema R Lalani, Elsa Leitão, Anna Le Fevre, Richard J Leventer, Jan E Liebelt, Paul J Lockhart, Alan S Ma, Ellen F Macnamara, Taylor M Maurer, Hector R Mendez, Stephen B Montgomery, Marie-Cécile Nassogne, Serena Neumann, Melanie O'Leary, Elizabeth E Palmer, John Phillips, Georgia Pitsava, Ryan Pysar, Heidi L Rehm, Chloe M Reuter, Nicole Revencu, Angelika Riess, Rocio Rius, Lance Rodan, Tony Roscioli, Jill A Rosenfeld, Rani Sachdev, Cas Simons, Sanjay M Sisodiya, Penny Snell, Laura St Clair, Zornitza Stark, Tiong Yang Tan, Natalie B Tan, Suzanna El Temple, David R Thorburn, Cynthia J Tifft, Eloise Uebergang, Grace E VanNoy, Eric Vilain, David H Viskochil, Laura Wedd, Matthew T Wheeler, Susan M White, Monica Wojcik, Lynne A Wolfe, Zoe Wolfenson, Changrui Xiao, David Zocche, John L Rubenstein, Eirene Markenscoff-Papadimitriou, Sebastian M Fica, Diana Baralle, Christel Depienne, Daniel G MacArthur, Joanna Mm Howson, Stephan J Sanders, Anne O'Donnell-Luria, Nicola Whiffin
Around 60% of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) remain undiagnosed after comprehensive genetic testing, primarily of protein-coding genes 1 . Increasingly, large genome-sequenced cohorts are improving our ability to discover new diagnoses in the non-coding genome. Here, we identify the non-coding RNA RNU4-2 as a novel syndromic NDD gene. RNU4-2 encodes the U4 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), which is a critical component of the U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP complex of the major spliceosome 2 . We identify an 18 bp region of RNU4-2 mapping to two structural elements in the U4/U6 snRNA duplex (the T-loop and Stem III) that is severely depleted of variation in the general population, but in which we identify heterozygous variants in 119 individuals with NDD...
April 9, 2024: medRxiv
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Lv, Chengrui Zhao, Qiuyan Jiang, Yilin Rong, Mingfeng Ma, Lili Liang, Weiping Li, Jiuxuan Zhang, Ning Xu, Huiwen Wu
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with a wide variety of metabolic disorders that impose significant burdens on patients and society. The "browning" phenomenon in white adipose tissue (WAT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to combat metabolic disturbances. However, though the anti-diabetic drug dapagliflozin (DAPA) is thought to promote "browning," the specific mechanism of this was previously unclear. METHODS: In this study, C57BL/6 J male mice were used to establish an obesity model by high-fat diet feeding, and 3T3-L1 cells were used to induce mature adipocytes and to explore the role and mechanism of DAPA in "browning" through a combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments...
April 21, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunxiao Zhang, Maoqi Luo, Yaxin Jia, Tingting Gao, Li Deng, Tao Gong, Zhirong Zhang, Xi Cao, Yao Fu
Obesity represents a growing public health concern and is closely associated with metabolic complications such as diabetes and fatty liver disease. Anti-obesity medications currently available have limited efficacy in weight loss and are often accompanied by adverse effects. This study proposes a localized photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with adipocyte-targeted delivery of rosiglitazone (RSG) to address obesity. Specifically, cationic albumin nanoparticles (cNPs) were synthesized to deliver RSG precisely to white adipocytes, stimulating the browning process...
April 19, 2024: Acta Biomaterialia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel N Logue Cook, Matthew A Davis, Rebecca E Hasson, Dominique Kinnett-Hopkins, Susan H Brown
BACKGROUND: The development of disability related to activities of daily living (ADL) is of great concern in the aging population, particularly for Hispanic and Non-Hispanic (NH) Black older adults, where disability prevalence is greater compared to NH Whites. ADL-disability is typically measured across many functional tasks without differentiating upper- versus lower-limb limitations, hindering our understanding of disability burden. Despite the importance of the upper limbs for completing ADL and known age-related declines in function, racial/ethnic differences in upper limb function remain largely unknown...
April 20, 2024: Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marianela D Rodriguez, Alberto E León, Mariela C Bustos
This study explores the impact of co-ingesting cereals and legumes on starch and protein during simulated infant in vitro digestion. Various legumes (chickpeas, lentils, peas) were added to cereals (durum wheat, brown rice, white maize), and their effects on starch and protein hydrolysis were analyzed. Substituting 50% of cereal with legumes increased proteins, minerals, and dietary fiber. Infant food with legumes exhibited smoother pasting properties. Legumes in cereal purées led to varying starch hydrolysis trends, with the lowest values in durum wheat with chickpea and all cereal blends with peas...
April 20, 2024: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyeyoun Ryu, Minji Ryu, Eun Jin Jeon, Young Ju Park, Byeongsam Kang, Yoshitaka Ono, Ok-Kyung Kim, Seong-Jin Lee
Lycium chinense Mill is a deciduous broad-leaved shrub belonging to the Solanaceae family and, is widely distributed throughout Korea. This plant is native to, or cultivated for various oriental medicinal purposes in, multiple regions of Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan (Lee 1982; Kim et al. 1994). Eleven Puccinia species have been reported to infect Lycium species (Otálora et al. 2018). In May and October 2022, symptoms of rust disease caused by Puccinia sp. were observed on almost all the leaves of about 60 sprawling stems of L...
April 19, 2024: Plant Disease
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinmei Chang, Yashi Liang, Minrong Chen, Cuihua Liu, Lubin Zhang
Camellia japonica is an important garden landscape plant in southern China. In April 2022, leaf spot symptoms were observed at the camellia garden of Jiaying University (24°32'83″N, 17 116°12'31″E) in Meizhou city, Guangdong Province, China. The initial symptoms were grayish brown spots on the leaves, as the disease progressed, the lesions were enlarged and affected the whole leaf and eventually led to the loss of its ornamental value. The disease incidence was above 15%. Leaf pieces (5 × 5 mm) from 3 diseased Camellia leaves were sterilized in 75% ethanol for 1 min, then in 1% NaOCl for 1 min; and rinsed three times with sterile water...
April 19, 2024: Plant Disease
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inês Ribeiro, Sofia Correia, Martina Blümel, Pedro Albuquerque, Stanislav N Gorb, Marta V Mendes, Deniz Tasdemir, Ana P Mucha, Maria F Carvalho
A novel strain, MA3_2.13T , was isolated from deep-sea sediment of Madeira Archipelago, Portugal, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. This strain produced dark brown soluble pigments, bronwish black substrate mycelia and an aerial mycelium with yellowish white spores, when grown on GYM 50SW agar. The main respiratory quinones were MK-10(H4 ), MK-10(H6 ) and MK-10(H8 ). Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified phospholipids and two glycophospholipids were identified as the main phospholipids...
April 2024: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
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