Granulosa cell

RATIONALE: Massive ascites as the first sign of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) in an adolescent is an extremely rare, and its clinical features and treatment methods have not been well described. PATIENT CONCERNS: The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment methods in a 19-year-old girl who presented with massive abdominal distention and ascites was retrospectively reviewed. Abdominopelvic ultrasonography showed a large amount of ascites...

The postovulatory follicle (POF) in birds is an enigmatic structure, the function of which remains largely unknown. Previous studies on chickens have shown that removal of POFs leads to the postponement of oviposition and the disturbance of broody behavior. One suggestion is that POFs may secrete some crucial hormones or cytokines to act on reproductive organs. However, such secretions and their specific target organs remain to be identified. Here, we investigate the putative functions of POFs in promoting the development of prehierarchical follicles in chickens and explore the possible signaling mechanisms controlling these processes...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of microRNA-324-3p (miR-324-3p) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=30) and experimental group (n=30). Rats in the experimental group were intramuscularly injected with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100 g of body weight) and 0.2 mL oil for injection, while those in normal group were intramuscularly injected with 0...

Excessive fluoride (F) intake decreases the development of potential oocytes by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in female mice in our previous study. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of F-induced follicular developmental dysplasia. Pathomorphological changes in the ovary tissues were observed under light and transmission electron microscopes. DNA damage and proliferation in granulosa cells were analysed by TUNEL staining and BrdU measurement. The protein expression of cell proliferation related regulatory factors including JNK, STAT3, STAT5, CDK2, CDK4, PCNA and Ki67 in the ovary tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses...

The SLIT2 ligand and ROBO receptors of the SLIT/ROBO pathway are expressed in hen ovarian follicles and have been shown to play critical roles in ovary development, cell proliferation and apoptosis in mammals. However, the exact roles of SLIT2 and the molecular mechanisms of chicken follicle development remain poorly understood. Here, we discovered that high levels of SLIT2 suppress FSHR, GDF9, STAR and CYP11A1 mRNA and protein expression in granulosa cells (GCs) and cell proliferation (p < 0.01). However, these inhibitory effects can be abolished by the siRNA-mediated knockdown of the ROBO1 and ROBO2 receptors...

The use of younger gamete donors in dairy cattle genetic selection programs significantly accelerates genetic gains by decreasing the interval between generations. Ovarian stimulation and the practice of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) withdrawal, also known as coasting, are intensively used in pre-pubertal heifers without detrimental effects on subsequent reproductive performance but generally with lower embryo yields. However, recent data from embryo transfer programs showed similar embryo yields in younger and sexually mature animals but with a significant difference in the coasting period...

RNA seq analyses were performed in granulosa cells (GCs) collected from gonadotropin treated ESR2 mutant rats. Data obtained from a null mutant with Esr2 exon 3 deletion (∆3) and another DNA binding domain (DBD) mutant with exon 4 deletion (∆4) were compared to that of wildtype (WT) rats. The raw data were analyzed using CLC genomics workbench. High quality RNA-sequencing reads were aligned to the Rattus norvegicus genome. Differentially expressed genes in ∆3 or ∆4 Esr2 -mutant GCs were identified based on the following criteria: FDR p-Value ≤0...

Estrogen-stimulating principles have been demonstrated to relieve postmenopausal syndrome effectively. Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) is an herbal medicine possessing multiple pharmacological effects on human health with low toxicity. However, the therapeutic effects of GJE on the management of postmenopausal syndrome and its mechanism of action have not been fully elucidated. In this study, network pharmacology-based approaches were employed to examine steroidogenesis under the influence of GJE. In addition, the possibility of toxicity of GJE was ruled out and four probable active compounds were predicted...

Previous studies suggest that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBP&beta;) play an essential role in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) for mammalian follicular development. Several C/EBP&beta; putative binding sites were previously predicted on the STAT3 promoter in mammals. However, the molecular regulation of C/EBP&beta; on STAT3 and their effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis remain virtually unexplored in GCs. Using porcine GCs as a model, the 5&prime;-deletion, luciferase report assay, mutation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Annexin-V/PI staining and EdU assays were applied to investigate the molecular mechanism for C/EBP&beta; regulating the expression of STAT3 and their effects on the cell proliferation and apoptosis ability...

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is produced by granulosa cells (GCs) of preantral and small antral follicles and plays a role in regulating the recruitment of primordial follicles and the FSH-dependent development of follicles. However, the regulation of AMH expression in follicles remains poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to determine the following: 1. the association between bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and AMH; 2. whether BMP15 can regulate the expression of AMH by inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway; and 3...

The identification of genetic markers is valuable for improving the egg-laying performance in goose production. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1714766362 in an intron of the goose KIAA1462 gene was found to be relevant to laying performance in our previous study. However, its function remains unclear. In this study, the full-length coding sequence of KIAA1462 gene was firstly characterized in Yangzhou geese. Q-PCR (Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) results showed that KIAA1462 was highly expressed in the liver, ovary, and mature F1 follicles...

Reelin plays an important role in cerebral cortex development and synaptogenesis. In the hippocampus, the neurosteroid estrogen affects reelin expression. In this study we tested a potential crosstalk between estradiol and reelin, thus the possibility of a reelin-induced activation of the estradiol synthesizing enzyme aromatase. As a model system, we used ovaries, which express reelin and are a major source of estradiol. We found that in wild-type mice, reelin and aromatase are expressed in granulosa cells of growing follicles...

BACKGROUND: To describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCTs) and compare with other sex cord-stromal tumors (OSCs) in ovary. METHODS: MR findings of 18 patients with surgically confirmed ovarian granulosa cell tumor were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists with consensus reading. All MR examinations were prospectively performed within one month. Clinical and imaging characteristics of OGCTs were evaluated and compared with OSCs (control group)...

OBJECTIVE: To screen differentially expressed lncRNAs involved in OHSS. OHSS is defined as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. It is characterized as enlarged ovary and increased vascular permeability. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. PATIENT(S): Patients with OHSS high risk (n = 30) and low risk (n = 30) were included in this study. INTERVENTION(S): None...

For a better understanding of epigenetic regulation of cell differentiation, it is important to analyze DNA methylation at a specific site. In this study, we examined changes in the methylation level of CCGG and GATCG sites during mouse folliculogenesis in paraffin-embedded sections of mouse ovaries. For the purpose, we used a new method, histo endonuclease-linked detection of methylation sites of DNA (HELMET), designed to detect methylation sites of DNA with a specific sequence in a tissue section. Unlike the global level of DNA methylation, which was no change in immunohistochemical staining of 5-methylcytosine throughout folliculogenesis, we found that there were hypermethylation of CCGG and GATCG sites in most of the granulosa cells of tertiary follicles compared to that of primary and secondary follicles...

Melatonin is a multifunctional molecule with numerous biological activities. The fact that melatonin modulates the functions of porcine granulosa cells via the MT2 receptor suggests the possibility of MT2 receptor-mediation for melatonin to promote cumulus expansion of porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). Therefore, we investigated the presence of MT2 in porcine COCs, and the effects of melatonin with or without selective MT2 antagonists (luzindole and 4-P-PDOT) on this process; COCs underwent in vitro maturation culturing with six different conditions (control, melatonin, luzindole, 4-P-PDOT, melatonin + luzindole or melatonin + 4-P-PDOT)...

Similar to the domestic hen ovary, entry of a follicle into the preovulatory hierarchy in the turkey hen represents a process in which a single follicle initiates rapid growth and final maturation prior to ovulation. Published data derived from the laying hen support the proposal that differentiation of the follicle granulosa cell (GC) layer begins coincident with entry into the rapid growth phase and is characterized by the initial capacity for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-mediated cell signaling. The present studies were conducted with photostimulated B...

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of resveratrol treatment in chemically induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in rats. METHODS: Five-week-old specific pathogen-free healthy Sprague-Dawley female rats (n = 90) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 18): low-dose resveratrol (group A), moderate-dose resveratrol (group B), high-dose resveratrol (group C), model control group (group D) and blank control group (group E). POI was induced in rats from the resveratrol-treated groups and the model control group according to observed indexes using a previously established model (oral administration of tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet 50 mg/kg/day for 14 days)...

In ovarian cystic follicles, molecular changes in the growing follicle may have a local action and contribute to anovulation and cystic formation. One of the candidate molecules that affect the steroid and gonadotropin signaling systems of cystic follicles is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell wall component of gram-negative bacteria. To examine the molecular characteristics of bovine cystic follicles, we analyzed LPS concentration in follicular fluid of cystic follicles, and the expression of LPS receptors and steroidogenesis-related genes in granulosa and theca cells...

Although Glyphosate (GLY) is a widely used pesticide, its effects on ovarian function and stem cell differentiation are still largely unknown. Therefore, as a contribution on this subject, the present work reports an investigation of the in vitro effects of GLY on swine granulosa cells and adipose stromal cells (ASCs). The effect of GLY at different doses (0.2, 4 and 16 μg/mL) was evaluated on granulosa cells growth (BrDU incorporation and ATP production), steroidogenesis (17-β estradiol and progesterone secretion) and redox status (superoxide and nitric oxide production and non-enzymatic scavenging activity)...