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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katerina Deike, Andreas Decker, Paul Scheyhing, Julia Harten, Nadine Zimmermann, Daniel Paech, Oliver Peters, Silka D Freiesleben, Luisa-Sophie Schneider, Lukas Preis, Josef Priller, Eike Spruth, Slawek Altenstein, Andrea Lohse, Klaus Fliessbach, Okka Kimmich, Jens Wiltfang, Claudia Bartels, Niels Hansen, Frank Jessen, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Emrah Düzel, Wenzel Glanz, Enise I Incesoy, Michaela Butryn, Katharina Buerger, Daniel Janowitz, Michael Ewers, Robert Perneczky, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Stefan Teipel, Ingo Kilimann, Doreen Goerss, Christoph Laske, Matthias H Munk, Annika Spottke, Nina Roy, Michael Wagner, Sandra Roeske, Michael T Heneka, Frederic Brosseron, Alfredo Ramirez, Laura Dobisch, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Luca Kleineidam, Renat Yakupov, Melina Stark, Matthias C Schmid, Moritz Berger, Stefan Hetzer, Peter Dechent, Klaus Scheffler, Gabor C Petzold, Anja Schneider, Alexander Effland, Alexander Radbruch
OBJECTIVES: Impaired perivascular clearance has been suggested as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, it remains unresolved when the anatomy of the perivascular space (PVS) is altered during AD progression. Therefore, this study investigates the association between PVS volume and AD progression in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, both with and without subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and in those clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD...
April 23, 2024: Investigative Radiology
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Constance Delaby, Sylvain Lehmann
The growing number of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a major public health problem. The diagnosis of AD is multidisciplinary and involves the use of amyloid and tau biomarkers measured in cerebrospinal fluid. Recent advances in analytical techniques now allow us to measure these biomarkers in blood. Blood biomarkers offer particularly promising potential for early, minimally invasive detection of AD, as well as for differential diagnosis of dementia and patient follow-up. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current and candidate blood biomarkers for AD, their informative value, and their potential to be integrated into clinical practice in the near future...
April 2024: Médecine Sciences: M/S
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Jun Jing, Zhi-Yuan Zan, Xin Zhou, Yong-Lan Xiong, Shu-Jiang Ren, Hua Zhang
BACKGROUND: Advances in blood biomarker discovery have enabled the improved diagnosis and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Most branched-chain amino acids, except isoleucine (Ile), are correlated with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Therefore, this study investigated the association between serum Ile levels and MCI/AD. METHODS: This study stratified 700 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database into four diagnostic groups: cognitively normal, stable MCI, progressive MCI, and AD...
April 23, 2024: Annals of geriatric medicine and research
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikolaj Bøgh, Charlotte B Sørensen, Aage K O Alstrup, Esben S S Hansen, Olav M Andersen, Christoffer Laustsen
The sortilin-related receptor 1 ( SORL1 ) gene, encoding the cellular endosomal sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA), is now established as a causal gene for Alzheimer's disease. As the latest addition to the list of causal genes, the pathophysiological effects and biomarker potential of SORL1 variants remain relatively undiscovered. Metabolic dysfunction is, however, well described in patients with Alzheimer's disease and is used as an imaging biomarker in clinical diagnosis settings. To understand the metabolic consequences of loss-of-function SORL1 mutations, we applied two metabolic MRI technologies, sodium (23 Na) MRI and MRI with hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate, in minipigs and mice with compromised expression of SORL1 ...
2024: Brain communications
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aya Hassouneh, Bradley Bazuin, Alessander Danna-Dos-Santos, Ilgin Acar, Ikhlas Abdel-Qader
INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by mild memory loss and ranks as a leading cause of mortality in the USA, accounting for approximately 120,000 deaths per year. It is also the primary form of dementia. Early detection is critical for timely intervention as the neurodegenerative process often starts 15-20 years before cognitive symptoms manifest. This study focuses on determining feature importance in AD classification using fused texture features from 3D magnetic resonance imaging hippocampal and entorhinal cortex and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) derived from positron emission tomography (PET) images...
2024: Digital Biomarkers
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chengguo Pang, Ruijiao Wang, Kemeng Liu, Xu Yuan, Jiating Ni, Qingyu Cao, Yuanjin Chen, Pei Liang Dong, Hua Han
The "schisandra-evodia" herb pair (S-E) is a herbal preparation to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of S-E in AD rats, utilizing pharmacodynamic assessments and serum- and urine-based metabolomic analyses. Pharmacodynamic assessments included Morris water maze test, hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry experiments. The results of the study showed that the AD model was successful; the S-E significantly enhanced long-term memory and spatial learning in AD rats...
April 22, 2024: Biomedical Chromatography: BMC
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pankaja Desai, Ted K S Ng, Kristin R Krueger, Robert S Wilson, Denis A Evans, Kumar B Rajan
INTRODUCTION: There is a substantial gap in knowledge regarding how perceived stress may influence the relationship between serum-measured biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline. METHODS: This study consists of 1,118 older adult participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) (60% Black participants and 63% female participants). Linear mixed effects regression models were conducted to examine the role of perceived stress in the association between three blood biomarkers: total tau (t-tau), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) on global cognitive decline...
April 16, 2024: Psychosomatic Medicine
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gazi Saadmaan, Maria Carolina Dalmasso, Alfredo Ramirez, Mikko Hiltunen, Nina Kemppainen, Jenni Lehtisalo, Francesca Mangialasche, Tiia Ngandu, Juha Rinne, Hilkka Soininen, Ruth Stephen, Miia Kivipelto, Alina Solomon
INTRODUCTION: We assessed a genetic risk score for Alzheimer's disease (AD-GRS) and apolipoprotein E (APOE4) in an exploratory neuroimaging substudy of the FINGER trial. METHODS: 1260 at-risk older individuals without dementia were randomized to multidomain lifestyle intervention or health advice. N = 126 participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and N = 47 positron emission tomography (PET) scans (Pittsburgh Compund B [PiB], Fluorodeoxyglucose) at baseline; N = 107 and N = 38 had repeated 2-year scans...
April 22, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
#9
REVIEW
Ketan Maru, Amarendra Singh, Ritambhara Jangir, Komal Kumar Jangir
Neurodegenerative diseases (amyloid diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's), stemming from protein misfolding and aggregation, encompass a spectrum of disorders with severe systemic implications. Timely detection is pivotal in managing these diseases owing to their significant impact on organ function and high mortality rates. The diverse array of amyloid disorders, spanning localized and systemic manifestations, underscores the complexity of these conditions and highlights the need for advanced detection methods...
April 22, 2024: Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fang Frank Yu, James Rathnakar, Bryan Ryder, Brian Hitt, Omar M Kashmer, A Dean Sherry, Elena Vinogradov
Neurofibrillary tangles of tau constitute one of the key biological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Currently, the assessment of regional tau accumulation requires intravenous administration of radioactive tracers for PET imaging. A noninvasive MRI-based solution would have significant clinical implications. Herein, we utilized an MRI technique known as chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) to determine the imaging signature of tau in both its monomeric and pathologic fibrillated conformations. Three sets of purified recombinant full-length (4R) tau protein were prepared for collection of CEST spectra using a 9...
April 22, 2024: NMR in Biomedicine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueli Zhang, Zhuoting Zhu, Yu Huang, Xianwen Shang, Terence J O'Brien, Patrick Kwan, Jason Ha, Wei Wang, Shunming Liu, Xiayin Zhang, Katerina Kiburg, Yining Bao, Jing Wang, Honghua Yu, Mingguang He, Lei Zhang
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) share similar pathological features, suggesting common genetic aetiologies between the two. Investigating gene associations between AD and AMD may provide useful insights into the underlying pathogenesis and inform integrated prevention and treatment for both diseases. METHODS: A stratified quantile-quantile (QQ) plot was constructed to detect the pleiotropy among AD and AMD based on genome-wide association studies data from 17 008 patients with AD and 30 178 patients with AMD...
2024: BMJ neurology open
#12
REVIEW
Lauren E Yap, James E Hunt, Raymond Scott Turner
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common etiology of dementia in older adults, is projected to double in prevalence over the next few decades. Current treatments for AD manage symptoms or slow progressive decline, but are accompanied by significant inconvenience, risk, and cost. Thus, a better understanding of the risk factors and pathophysiology of AD is needed to develop novel prevention and treatment strategies. Aging is the most important risk factor for AD. Elucidating molecular mechanisms of aging may suggest novel therapeutic targets...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
#13
Gérard N Bischof, Elena Jaeger, Kathrin Giehl, Frank Jessen, Oezguer A Onur, Sid O'Bryant, Esra Kara, Peter H Weiss, Alexander Drzezga
OBJECTIVES: Apraxia is a core feature of Alzheimer's disease, but the pathomechanism of this characteristic symptom is not well understood. Here, we systematically investigated apraxia profiles in a well-defined group of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD; N=32) who additionally underwent PET imaging with the second-generation tau PET tracer [18F]PI-2620. We hypothesized that specific patterns of tau pathology might be related to apraxic deficits. METHODS: Patients (N=32) with a biomarker-confirmed diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease were recruited in addition to a sample cognitively unimpaired controls (CU 1 ; N=41)...
April 10, 2024: medRxiv
#14
Anthony J Griswold, Farid Rajabli, Tianjie Gu, Jamie Arvizu, Charles G Golightly, Patrice L Whitehead, Kara L Hamilton-Nelson, Larry D Adams, Jose Javier Sanchez, Pedro R Mena, Takiyah D Starks, Maryenela Illanes-Manrique, Concepcion Silva, William S Bush, Michael L Cuccaro, Jeffery M Vance, Mario R Cornejo-Olivas, Briseida E Feliciano-Astacio, Goldie S Byrd, Gary W Beecham, Jonathan L Haines, Margaret A Pericak-Vance
INTRODUCTION: Plasma phosphorylated threonine-181 of Tau and amyloid beta are biomarkers for differential diagnosis and preclinical detection of Alzheimer disease (AD). Given differences in AD risk across diverse populations, generalizability of existing biomarker data is not assured. METHODS: In 2,086 individuals of diverse genetic ancestries (African American, Caribbean Hispanic, and Peruvians) we measured plasma pTau-181 and Aβ42/Aβ40. Differences in biomarkers between cohorts and clinical diagnosis groups and the potential discriminative performance of the two biomarkers were assessed...
April 12, 2024: medRxiv
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohsina Patwekar, Faheem Patwekar, Shahzad Khan, Rohit Sharma, Dileep Kumar
A variety of cutting-edge methods and good knowledge of the illness's complex causes are causing a sea change in the field of Alzheimer's Disease (A.D.) research and treatment. Precision medicine is at the vanguard of this change, where individualized treatment plans based on genetic and biomarker profiles give a ray of hope for customized therapeutics. Combination therapies are becoming increasingly popular as a way to address the multifaceted pathology of Alzheimer's by simultaneously attacking Aβ plaques, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and other factors...
April 19, 2024: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katheryn A Q Cousins, Jeffrey S Phillips, Sandhitsu R Das, Kyra O'Brien, Thomas F Tropea, Alice Chen-Plotkin, Leslie M Shaw, Ilya M Nasrallah, Dawn Mechanic-Hamilton, Corey T McMillan, David J Irwin, Edward B Lee, David A Wolk
INTRODUCTION: We investigate pathological correlates of plasma phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181 ), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) across a clinically diverse spectrum of neurodegenerative disease, including normal cognition (NormCog) and impaired cognition (ImpCog). METHODS: Participants were NormCog (n = 132) and ImpCog (n = 461), with confirmed β-amyloid (Aβ+/-) status (cerebrospinal fluid, positron emission tomography, autopsy) and single molecule array plasma measurements...
April 21, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mateus Rozalem Aranha, Victor Montal, Hilde van den Brink, Jordi Pegueroles, Maria Carmona-Iragui, Laura Videla, Lucia Maure Blesa, Bessy Benejam, Javier Arranz, Sílvia Valldeneu, Isabel Barroeta, Susana Fernández, Laia Ribas, Daniel Alcolea, Sofía González-Ortiz, Núria Bargalló, Geert Jan Biessels, Rafael Blesa, Alberto Lleó, Artur Martins Coutinho, Cláudia Costa Leite, Alexandre Bejanin, Juan Fortea
BACKGROUND: Cortical microinfarcts (CMI) were attributed to cerebrovascular disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). CAA is frequent in Down syndrome (DS) while hypertension is rare, yet no studies have assessed CMI in DS. METHODS: We included 195 adults with DS, 63 with symptomatic sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 106 controls with 3T magnetic resonance imaging. We assessed CMI prevalence in each group and CMI association with age, AD clinical continuum, vascular risk factors, vascular neuroimaging findings, amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration biomarkers, and cognition in DS...
April 21, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
#18
REVIEW
Erwin Lemche, Richard Killick, Jackie Mitchell, Paul W Caton, Pratik Choudhary, Jane K Howard
Research evidence indicating common metabolic mechanisms through which type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases risk of late-onset Alzheimer's dementia (LOAD) has accumulated over recent decades. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive review of common mechanisms, which have hitherto been discussed in separate perspectives, and to assemble and evaluate candidate loci and epigenetic modifications contributing to polygenic risk linkages between T2DM and LOAD. For the systematic review on pathophysiological mechanisms, both human and animal studies up to December 2023 are included...
April 19, 2024: Neurobiology of Disease
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyang Jing, Lan Wang, Mei Song, Hao Geng, Wei Li, Yaxin Huo, Anqi Huang, Xueyi Wang, Cuixia An
To investigate the association between serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels, inflammatory cytokines, and cognitive function to assess their utility in the early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 157 community-dwelling individuals aged 55 years and above, categorized into healthy controls, MCI, and probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Serum levels of NfL, inflammatory cytokines, and AD pathology markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)...
April 20, 2024: Scientific Reports
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth Sugg, Elizabeth Gleeson, Sarah N Baker, Peng Li, Chenlu Gao, Ariel Mueller, Hao Deng, Shiqian Shen, Esteban Franco-Garcia, Richa Saxena, Erik S Musiek, Oluwaseun Akeju, Zhongcong Xie, Kun Hu, Lei Gao
INTRODUCTION: Surgical patients over 70 experience postoperative delirium (POD) complications in up to 50% of procedures. Sleep/circadian disruption has emerged as a potential risk factor for POD in epidemiological studies. This protocol presents a single-site, prospective observational study designed to examine the relationship between sleep/circadian regulation and POD and how this association could be moderated or mediated by Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and genetic risk for AD...
April 19, 2024: BMJ Open
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