Tryglyceride

INTRODUCTION: Retinoid X receptors (subtypes RXRα or NR2B1, RXRβ or NR2B2 and RXRγ or NR2B3, which originate from three distinct genes) are promiscuous partners with heterodimeric associations to other members of the Nuclear Receptor (NR) superfamily. Some of the heterodimers are "permissive" and transcriptionally active in the presence of either an RXR ligand ("rexinoid") or a NR partner ligand, whereas others are "non-permissive" and unresponsive to rexinoids alone. In rodent models, rexinoids and partner agonists (mainly PPARγ, LXR, FXR) produce beneficial effects on insulin sensitization, diabetes and obesity, but secondary effects have also been noted, such as a raise in tryglyceride levels, supression of the thyroid hormone axis and induction of hepatomegaly...

The effect of an extract from tunic of the sea hydrobiont purple ascidium (Halocynthia aurantium) on the lipid metabolism in the liver of mice has been studied under the acute stress conditions modeled by fixing animals for 22 h at the dorsal neck fold. The extract from purple ascidium tunic is superior to essentiale (well-known commercial hepatoprotector) in the efficacy of restoring lipid fraction content (tryglycerides, cholesterol, free fat acids, lysophospholipids) disturbed by stress action. In addition, the extract normalizes the esterification function of the liver...

A 77-year-old male with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis underwent a right middle-lower lobectomy and lymph node dissection because of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. On the 1st post-operative day (POD1), a large quantity of chylous pleural effusion was recognized after he initiated oral intake. The diagnosis was postoperative chylothorax. Conservative therapy including a medium chain tryglyceride diet and total parental nutrition were not effective. Considering of the patient's past history, we decided to continue conservative therapy using octreotide acetate on POD7...

BACKGROUND: Increase in obesity and metabolic syndrome are associated with increases in insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results from animal intervention studies and human epidemiological studies suggest that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can prevent and reverse IR, but results from human intervention studies have varied. Results from some human and animal studies suggest that docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA) may be more effective than eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3; EPA) in the prevention of IR...

BACKGROUND: Despite significant advances in kidney transplantation, long-term graft survival has not dramatically improved leading to strategies to change immunosuppression during the posttransplantation period. Proliferation signal inhibitors (PSI) sirolimus or everolimus possess immunosuppressive and antiproliferative properties. METHODS: We evaluated 62 kidney transplant recipients who underwent conversion from a calcineurin inhibitors (CNI)- to a PSI-based regimen for various reasons...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the ghrelin, leptin, and fat levels in the foremilk and hindmilk and the possible relationship between these levels with the age and growth of term healthy infants. Sixty-two babies were subdivided (according to their nutrition) into breastfed (BF), formula-fed (FF), and BF plus FF (BF + FF) groups. The total and active ghrelin and tryglyceride levels and the total cholesterol levels in the foremilk and hindmilk were studied at the first and second visits (mean of the second and fifth months, respectively)...

Besides its role as a carboxylase prosthetic group, biotin regulates gene expression and has a wide repertoire of effects on systemic processes. Several studies have shown that pharmacological concentrations of biotin reduce hypertriglyceridemia. The molecular mechanisms by which pharmacological concentrations of biotin affect lipid metabolism are largely unknown. The present study analyzed the effects of pharmacological doses of biotin on triglyceridemia, insulin sensitivity and on mRNA expression of various lipogenic genes...

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering of hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, overweight and hypertension. MS identifies patients who are at high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Based on current data dietary fibre intake from whole foods or supplements may lower blood pressure, may improve serum lipid levels, may reduce indicators of inflammations,may lower serum glucose levels and favour body weight loss. US Food and Drug Administration in 2006 authorized a health claim that psyllium husk, beta glucan in oats and beta glucan in barley can reduce the risk of heart disease...

We report a 14-year-old girl with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) complicated by severe inflammatory calcinosis successfully treated with thalidomide. She was diagnosed as JDM when she was 4 years old after a few months of increasing lethargy, muscle pain, muscle weakness, and rash. During three months, clinical manifestations and abnormal laboratory findings were effectively treated with oral prednisolone. However, calcinosis was recognized 18 months after disease onset. Generalized calcinosis rapidly progressed with high fever, multiple skin/subcutaneous inflammatory lesions, and increased level of CRP...

PURPOSE: Atherosclerosis observations after splenectomy for trauma and hypersplenism suggests a possible role for the spleen in lipid metabolism. The authors examined the effects of splenectomy on serum lipids in rats and also cholesterol-fed rats with experimental atherosclerosis. METHODS: This study was designed on rats. The rats were divided into five groups: splenectomy, normal diet (SP-N, n: 8), splenectomy, cholesterol-fed groups (SP-C, n: 8), splenic autotransplantation after splenectomy, normal diet (SA-N, n: 8), splenic autotransplantation after splenectomy, cholesterol-fed groups (SA-C, n: 8) and sham groups (n: 8)...

Diabetes mellitus is a condition associated with cardiac complications, especially artherothrombotic disease. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of reducing cardiovascular burden on this population by adopting prevention strategies. This article revised clinical evidences on cardiovascular risk assessment and prevention actions, taking into consideration major recommendations in the field. Life-style changes with low-carbohydrate diet, weight control, and regular physical activity must be implemented...

The aim of the study was to assess risk factors for vascular dementia (VaD) in elderly psychiatric outpatients without dementia, and to determine to what extent clinical interventions targeted such risk factors. Out of 250 clinical charts, 78 were selected of patients over 60 years old, who showed no signs of dementia. Information was obtained regarding demographics, clinical conditions (diagnosis according to ICD-10), complementary investigation, cognitive functions (via CAMCOG), neuroimaging, and the presence of risk factors for VaD...

INTRODUCTION: C-reactive protein (CRP) has emerged as an important indicator of risk for cardiovascular disease. The impact of gender on the relationship between CRP and other cardiovascular risk factors, however, has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS: Ninety men and 75 women participated in this study. Age, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and hs-CRP were ascertained...

AIM: We examined 251 boys and 259 young girls of chinese offspring, age of 12 to 18 years old from 5 schools around North Jakarta and West of Jakarta. The variables observed are Body Mass Index, waist circumference, fasting sugar level, fasting HDL-cholesterol, tryglyceride and insulin level (fasting). METHODS: Cross-sectional epidemiology survey. RESULTS: We found 125 youngsters as obese which are 82 young boys and 43 young girls. 47 of the 510 students observed anthropometrically agreed to continue the examination for blood test...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether eucaloric diets either enriched with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA; 17% energy) or low in carbohydrates (Low CHO; 43% energy) would increase insulin sensitivity (Si) and decrease circulating insulin concentrations, relative to a standard diet (STD; 56% CHO, 31% fat, 16% protein), among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Crossover. SETTING: Academic research environment. PATIENT(S): Healthy women with PCOS not on hormonal or insulin-sensitizing therapy...

Currently, long-term experience with Rapamune (RAPA) after renal transplantation is scarce. We present our experience with RAPA in patients who were included in clinical trials. Between 1996 and 1999, 27 renal transplant patients received RAPA alone or in combination with cyclosporine (CyA). We study 15 of them (9 males, 6 females; mean age 36 years) who are currently functioning with a mean follow-up of 6 years (range, 5.2-8 years). The presence of delayed graft function was 40% and acute rejection 26.6%, all of them controlled with steroids...

The purpose of this paper is to provide historical data pertaining to clinical chemistry and haematology parameters, obtained from control Sprague-Dawley rats, used in pre-clinical toxicity studies. Mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values for haematological and coagulative profiles, haemato-biochemistry and urine analysis data, and the differences per sex and study duration, 4 versus 13 weeks, are presented. The studies were conducted in agreement with the GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) regulations...

Dislipidemie is important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and food can influence on that on different ways. Aim of this article is to test levels of cholesterol and tryglycerids in participants according to gender, age, level of nourishment and to point on possibilities of prevention and intervention. In analyzed groups, there were 92 adult participants, both genders with no cardiovascular diseases whom were estimated levels of lipid fractions and BMI. Statistical methods in this study were ANOVA and Pearson correlation...

In order to explore the association of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism with cerebral infarction in type 2 diabetic patients of Han nationality in Northeast China , the genotypes of ApoE gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in the 208 cases, including 69 cases in control (CON) group and 67 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group as well as 72 in type 2 diabetes mellitus with cerebral infarction (T2DMCI) group. Plasma lipid content in T2DMCI was also detected for 70 cases...

OBJECTIVE: The main objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of dietary fat on plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and to study the potential of Lp(a) as a more reliable marker for CAD compared to other lipids and lipoproteins. METHODS: Twenty CAD patients and 20 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Their fasting plasma Lp(a) levels and complete lipid profile were assayed. The fat intake was calculated using 24 hours dietary recall method. The patients and controls were each divided into two subgroups: Group A consuming dietary fat > 30% and Group B consuming dietary fat < or = 30% of the total kilo-calories/day...