Mir-205-5p

Despite recent advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), acquired drug resistance to targeted therapy remains a major obstacle. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been identified as a key resistance mechanism in NSCLC. Here, we investigated the mechanistic role of key EMT-regulating small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) in sublines of the NSCLC cell line HCC4006 adapted to afatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, or osimertinib. The most differentially expressed miRNAs derived from extracellular vesicles were associated with EMT, and their predicted target ZEB1 was significantly overexpressed in all resistant cell lines...

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.025.].

The three most common genitourinary malignancies (prostate/kidney/bladder cancers) constitute a substantial proportion of all cancer cases, mainly in the elderly population. Early detection is key to maximizing the patients' survival, but the lack of highly accurate biomarkers that might be used through non-/minimally invasive methods has impaired progress in this domain. Herein, we sought to develop a minimally invasive test to detect and discriminate among those urological cancers based on miRNAs assessment through ddPCR...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the impact of Polyphyllin VII (PP7) on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and elucidate the underlying mechanism involving microRNA (miR)-205-5p/β-catenin. METHODS: The PH rat model was induced through hypoxia exposure. The effects of intraperitoneal injection of PP7 on pulmonary artery tissue pathology, hemodynamics, miR-205-5p expression and β-catenin protein levels were assessed. In vitro, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were subjected to hypoxic conditions...

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) encompasses distinct histopathological subtypes, namely adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC), which require precise differentiation for effective treatment strategies. In this study, we present a novel molecular diagnostic model that integrates tissue-specific expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) obtained through next-generation sequencing (NGS) to discriminate between AC and SCC subtypes of NSCLC. This approach offers a more comprehensive and precise molecular characterization compared to conventional methods such as histopathology or immunohistochemistry...

OBJECTIVES: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) exhibits a higher fatality rate among all cancer types worldwide, yet the precise mechanisms underlying its initiation and progression remain unknown. Mounting evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert significant regulatory roles in cancer development and progression. Nevertheless, the precise involvement of lncRNA CYP4A22-AS1 in LUAD remains incompletely comprehended. METHODS: Bioinformatics analyses evaluated the expression level of CYP4A22-AS1 in lung adenocarcinoma and paracancer...

Malignant germ-cell-tumours (GCTs) are characterised by microRNA (miRNA/miR-) dysregulation, with universal over-expression of miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 clusters regardless of patient age, tumour site, or subtype (seminoma/yolk-sac-tumour/embryonal carcinoma). These miRNAs are released into the bloodstream, presumed within extracellular-vesicles (EVs) and represent promising biomarkers. Here, we comprehensively examined the role of EVs, and their miRNA cargo, on (fibroblast/endothelial/macrophage) cells representative of the testicular GCT (TGCT) tumour microenvironment (TME)...

Clinical application of chemotherapy in lung cancer is constrained by side effects, notably cardiotoxicity, the mechanisms of which remain elusive. This study assessed the potential of specific miRNAs as biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in lung cancer. We employed two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (Calu6 and H1792) and ventricular normal human cardiac fibroblasts (NHCF-V) in single and co-culture experiments. Functional tests were conducted using 100 µM carboplatin and 1µM vinorelbine doses...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most prevalent motor neuron disease characterized by its complex genetic structure, lacks a single diagnostic test capable of providing a conclusive diagnosis. In order to demonstrate the potential for genetic diagnosis and shed light on the pathogenic role of miRNAs in ALS, we developed an ALS diagnostic rule by training the model using 80% of a miRNA profiling dataset consisting of 253 ALS samples and 103 control samples. Subsequently, we validated the diagnostic rule using the remaining 20% of unseen samples...

BACKGROUND: Although exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNAs) regulate angiogenesis, they are not sufficient for the development of anti-vascular drugs for tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). miR-205-5p is an exo-miRNA that is highly expressed in the saliva of patients with oral SCC. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to clarify the role and molecular mechanism of exosomal miR-205-5p in regulating TSCC angiogenesis. METHODS: Effect of exosomes derived from TSCC cells on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) function was determined using the CCK-8, Transwell, Transwell-Matrigel, and Matrigel-based tube formation assays...

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive, neuroendocrine, and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age that affects up to 5-10% of women of reproductive age. The aetiology of follicle development arrest and critical issues regarding the abnormal follicular development in PCOS remain unclear. The present study aims to systematically evaluate granulosa cell whole-transcriptome sequencing data to gain more insights into the transcriptomic landscape and molecular mechanism of PCOS in China...

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, and vascular endothelial cell injury has been regarded as the initiating step for this process. miRNAs are involved in Hcy-induced endothelial dysfunction, while the underlying mechanism and roles of miRNAs in pulmonary endothelial dysfunction induced by homocysteine are unknown. Here, we find that miR-205-5p alleviates pulmonary endothelial dysfunction by targeting FOXO1 in CBS +/‒ mice to protect against Hcy-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction...

Exosomes contribute substantially to the communication between tumor cells and normal cells. Benefiting from the stable structure, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to serve an important function in exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Here, we focused on circRNAs enriched in starvation-stressed hepatocytic exosomes and further investigated their function and mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Differentially expressed circRNAs in exosomes were identified by RNA sequencing, and circTGFBR2 was identified and chosen for further study...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response, resulting from the release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, is the main mechanism behind severe acute respiratory syndrome and multiple organ failure, the two main causes of death in COVID-19. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as gene expression regulation by microRNAs (miRs), may be at the basis of the immunological changes associated with COVID-19...

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia contributes to the development of invasive and metastatic cancer cells, and is detrimental to cancer treatment. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms by which hypoxic microenvironments affect hypoxic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and the effects of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on NSCLC cells. METHODS: A549 cells were cultured in an anoxic incubator for 48 h to construct hypoxic A549 cells, and then normal and hypoxic A549 cells were harvested for RNA sequencing...

INTRODUCTION: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are essential in the progression of allergic rhinitis (AR). The purpose of this research was to examine the role of circRNA ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (circARF3) in the pathogenesis of AR. METHODS: To generate an animal model of AR, mice were treated with house dust mite (HDM), and mice nasal epithelial cells (NEpCs) were treated with IL-4/IL-13 to imitate the inflammatory damage of AR in vitro. Sanger sequencing, qRT-PCR, and RNAse R digestion assays all validated the circularization structure of circARF3...

The Hippo signaling pathway is a master regulator of development, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in particular, and it plays an important role in tissue regeneration, controlling organ size, and cancer suppression. Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated in breast cancer, a highly prevalent cancer affecting 1 out of every 15 women worldwide. While the Hippo signaling pathway inhibitors are available, they are suboptimal, for example, due to chemoresistance, mutation, and signal leakage...

OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of curcumin on the proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and radiosensitivity of the radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) C6661-IR strain as well as the potential radiosensitization mechanism. METHODS: NPC cells were continuously irradiated with different intensities of radiation to induce radiation-resistant cell lines. A plate clone formation assay was used to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the radiosensitivity of NPC cells...

Overexpressed long noncoding RNA FTX is associated with low survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients, and enhances tumor infiltration. Thus, we aim to illuminate the undefined underlying mechanisms. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect the expressions of FTX, miR-7515, miR-342-3p, miR-940, miR-150-5p, miR-205-5p and tumor protein D52 (TPD52). Cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays were utilized to explore the cell viability, migration or invasion of EOC cells...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate whether extracellular-vesicle-incorporated microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer-related stroke. METHODS: This cohort study compared patients with active cancer who had embolic stroke of unknown sources (cancer-stroke group) with patients with only cancer, patients with only stroke, and healthy individuals (control groups). The expression profiles of miRNAs encapsulated in plasma exosomes and microvesicles were evaluated using microarray and validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction...