keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30179271/a-quantitative-appraisal-of-african-americans-decisions-to-become-registered-organ-donors-at-the-driver-s-license-office
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Derek A DuBay, Nataliya V Ivankova, Ivan Herbey, David T Redden, Cheryl Holt, Laura Siminoff, Mona N Fouad, Zemin Su, Thomas A Morinelli, Michelle Y Martin
African American (AA) organ donation registration rates fall short of national objectives. The goal of the present study was to utilize data acquired from a quantitative telephone survey to provide information for a future Department of Motorized Vehicles (DMV) intervention to increase AA organ donor registration at the DMV. AAs (n = 20 177) that had visited an Alabama DMV office within a 3-month period were recruited via direct mailing to participate in a quantitative phone survey. Data from 155 respondents that participated in the survey were analyzed...
October 2018: Clinical Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29945650/psychological-distress-following-a-motor-vehicle-crash-preliminary-results-of-a-randomised-controlled-trial-investigating-brief-psychological-interventions
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca Guest, Yvonne Tran, Bamini Gopinath, Ian D Cameron, Ashley Craig
BACKGROUND: The preliminary results of a randomised controlled trial are presented. The aim of the trial is to determine the efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of email-delivered psychological interventions with telephone support, for adults injured in a motor vehicle crash engaged in seeking compensation. The primary intention for this preliminary analysis was to investigate those who were psychologically distressed and to stop the trial midway to evaluate whether the safety endpoints were necessary...
June 27, 2018: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27747671/driver-licensing-and-reasons-for-delaying-licensure-among-young-adults-ages-18-20-united-states-2012
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian C Tefft, Allan F Williams, Jurek G Grabowski
BACKGROUND: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for teens and young adults in the United States. Graduated driver licensing (GDL) systems were designed to protect young novice drivers by limiting their exposure to specific risks while they gain experience driving. In the United States, most states' GDL systems only apply to new drivers younger than 18. Some experts suggest that GDL might encourage young people to wait until age 18 to obtain a license, to avoid GDL requirements, resulting in older teenagers having less driving experience and higher crash risk than they might have had without GDL...
December 2014: Injury Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27492688/when-can-i-drive-after-orthopaedic-surgery-a-systematic-review
#24
REVIEW
Kevin J DiSilvestro, Adam J Santoro, Fotios P Tjoumakaris, Eric A Levicoff, Kevin B Freedman
BACKGROUND: Patients often ask their doctors when they can safely return to driving after orthopaedic injuries and procedures, but the data regarding this topic are diverse and sometimes conflicting. Some studies provide observer-reported outcome measures, such as brake response time or simulators, to estimate when patients can safely resume driving after surgery, and patient survey data describing when patients report a return to driving, but they do not all agree. We performed a systematic review and quality appraisal for available data regarding when patients are safe to resume driving after common orthopaedic surgeries and injuries affecting the ability to drive...
December 2016: Clinical Orthopaedics and related Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26550298/creative-arts-program-as-an-intervention-for-ptsd-a-randomized-clinical-trial-with-motor-vehicle-accident-survivors
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiuling Wang, Chao Lan, Juwu Chen, Wenying Wang, Hua Zhang, Li Li
The aim of this study is to determine whether the creative arts program (HA) is effective in preventing the onset of Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD develops in 10-20% of motor vehicle accident survivors (MVAs). MVAs in the initial months after the accident were randomly assigned to receive 8-week HA intervention (n = 26) or wait the list (WL, n = 26). The arts program consisted of writing and drawing. PTSD severity was assessed at 2, 6, and 12 months post injury with a clinical interview (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, CAPS) and self-report instrument (Impact of Event Scale-Revised, IES-R)...
2015: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26440030/trailer-temperature-and-humidity-during-winter-transport-of-cattle-in-canada-and-evaluation-of-indicators-used-to-assess-the-welfare-of-cull-beef-cows-before-and-after-transport
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Goldhawk, E Janzen, L A González, T Crowe, J Kastelic, C Kehler, M Siemens, K Ominski, E Pajor, K S Schwartzkopf-Genswein
The current study evaluated 17 loads of cull beef cows transported in Canadian winter conditions to assess in-transit temperature and humidity, evaluation of events during loading and unloading, and animal condition and bruising. Regardless of the use of boards to block ventilation holes in trailers, temperatures were higher within trailers than at ambient locations during both travel and stationary periods (P < 0.01). Boarding was associated with smaller differences in trailer temperature, compared with ambient conditions, while the trailer was traveling at highway speeds versus when trailers were stationary (P < 0...
July 2015: Journal of Animal Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26397196/niosh-national-survey-of-long-haul-truck-drivers-injury-and-safety
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guang X Chen, W Karl Sieber, Jennifer E Lincoln, Jan Birdsey, Edward M Hitchcock, Akinori Nakata, Cynthia F Robinson, James W Collins, Marie H Sweeney
Approximately 1,701,500 people were employed as heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers in the United States in 2012. The majority of them were long-haul truck drivers (LHTDs). There are limited data on occupational injury and safety in LHTDs, which prompted a targeted national survey. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health conducted a nationally representative survey of 1265 LHTDs at 32 truck stops across the contiguous United States in 2010. Data were collected on truck crashes, near misses, moving violations, work-related injuries, work environment, safety climate, driver training, job satisfaction, and driving behaviors...
December 2015: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26350932/does-social-capital-explain-community-level-differences-in-organ-donor-designation
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keren Ladin, Rui Wang, Aaron Fleishman, Matthew Boger, James R Rodrigue
POLICY POINTS: The growing shortage of life-saving organs has reached unprecedented levels, with more than 120,000 Americans waiting for them. Despite national attempts to increase organ donation and federal laws mandating the equitable allocation of organs, geographic disparities remain. A better understanding of the contextual determinants of organ donor designation, including social capital, may enhance efforts to increase organ donation by raising the probability of collective action and fostering norms of reciprocity and cooperation while increasing costs to defectors...
September 2015: Milbank Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26294903/dynamic-bus-travel-time-prediction-models-on-road-with-multiple-bus-routes
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cong Bai, Zhong-Ren Peng, Qing-Chang Lu, Jian Sun
Accurate and real-time travel time information for buses can help passengers better plan their trips and minimize waiting times. A dynamic travel time prediction model for buses addressing the cases on road with multiple bus routes is proposed in this paper, based on support vector machines (SVMs) and Kalman filtering-based algorithm. In the proposed model, the well-trained SVM model predicts the baseline bus travel times from the historical bus trip data; the Kalman filtering-based dynamic algorithm can adjust bus travel times with the latest bus operation information and the estimated baseline travel times...
2015: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25375756/using-smart-phone-sensors-to-detect-transportation-modes
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Xia, Yanyou Qiao, Jun Jian, Yuanfei Chang
The proliferation of mobile smart devices has led to a rapid increase of location-based services, many of which are amassing large datasets of user trajectory information. Unfortunately, current trajectory information is not yet sufficiently rich to support classification of user transportation modes. In this paper, we propose a method that employs both the Global Positioning System and accelerometer data from smart devices to classify user outdoor transportation modes. The classified modes include walking, bicycling, and motorized transport, in addition to the motionless (stationary) state, for which we provide new depth analysis...
2014: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25146495/the-effects-of-cycle-lanes-vehicle-to-kerb-distance-and-vehicle-type-on-cyclists-attention-allocation-during-junction-negotiation
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Frings, John Parkin, Anne M Ridley
Increased frequency of cycle journeys has led to an escalation in collisions between cyclists and vehicles, particularly at shared junctions. Risks associated with passing decisions have been shown to influence cyclists' behavioural intentions. The current study extended this research by linking not only risk perception but also attention allocation (via tracking the eye movements of twenty cyclists viewing junction approaches presented on video) to behavioural intentions. These constructs were measured in a variety of contexts: junctions featuring cycle lanes, large vs...
November 2014: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25136041/mechanical-ventilation-for-a-child-with-quadriplegia
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William E Novotny, Ronald M Perkin, Debjani Mukherjee, John D Lantos
Parents generally have the right to make medical decisions for their children. This right can be challenged when the parents' decision seems to go against the child's interests. The toughest such decisions are for a child who will survive with physical and neurocognitive impairments. We discuss a case of a 5-year-old boy who suffered a spinal injury as a result of a motor vehicle accident and whose father requests discontinuation of life support. Many experts recommend a "trial of therapy" to clarify both prognosis and quality of life...
September 2014: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24895659/waiting-endurance-time-estimation-of-electric-two-wheelers-at-signalized-intersections
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mei Huan, Xiao-bao Yang
The paper proposed a model for estimating waiting endurance times of electric two-wheelers at signalized intersections using survival analysis method. Waiting duration times were collected by video cameras and they were assigned as censored and uncensored data to distinguish between normal crossing and red-light running behavior. A Cox proportional hazard model was introduced, and variables revealing personal characteristics and traffic conditions were defined as covariates to describe the effects of internal and external factors...
2014: TheScientificWorldJournal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24592183/a-sarsa-%C3%AE-based-control-model-for-real-time-traffic-light-coordination
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoke Zhou, Fei Zhu, Quan Liu, Yuchen Fu, Wei Huang
Traffic problems often occur due to the traffic demands by the outnumbered vehicles on road. Maximizing traffic flow and minimizing the average waiting time are the goals of intelligent traffic control. Each junction wants to get larger traffic flow. During the course, junctions form a policy of coordination as well as constraints for adjacent junctions to maximize their own interests. A good traffic signal timing policy is helpful to solve the problem. However, as there are so many factors that can affect the traffic control model, it is difficult to find the optimal solution...
2014: TheScientificWorldJournal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23567211/influence-of-approaching-tram-on-behaviour-of-pedestrians-in-signalised-crosswalks-in-poland
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maciej Kruszyna, Jeremi Rychlewski
Research done in two Polish cities has uncovered an influence of an approaching tram on pedestrian behaviour. The measurements were done by counting pedestrians waiting for a green signal, crossing on red signal safely, or crossing on red signal taking a risk of being hit by a car, differentiating between pedestrians attempting to board a public transport vehicle and other pedestrians. It was expected, that pedestrian behaviour might be influenced by traffic control predictability, therefore two cities were chosen for the task: Wrocław with fixed time traffic control and Poznań with a majority of traffic responsive traffic signals...
June 2013: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23324711/health-survey-of-u-s-long-haul-truck-drivers-work-environment-physical-health-and-healthcare-access
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yorghos Apostolopoulos, Sevil Sönmez, Mona M Shattell, Clifford Gonzales, Caitlin Fehrenbacher
OBJECTIVE: While trucking in industrialized nations is linked with driver health afflictions, the role of trucking in U.S. truckers' health remains largely unknown. This paper sheds light on links between the trucking work environment and drivers' physical health. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design, 316 truckers were enrolled in the Healthy Trucker Survey. Questions included work history, physical and mental health, and healthcare access. PASW 18 was used to examine patterns among factors...
January 1, 2013: Work: a Journal of Prevention, Assessment, and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22857788/impact-of-grade-separator-on-pedestrian-risk-taking-behavior
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariya Khatoon, Geetam Tiwari, Niladri Chatterjee
Pedestrians on Delhi roads are often exposed to high risks. This is because the basic needs of pedestrians are not recognized as a part of the urban transport infrastructure improvement projects in Delhi. Rather, an ever increasing number of cars and motorized two-wheelers encourage the construction of large numbers of flyovers/grade separators to facilitate signal free movement for motorized vehicles, exposing pedestrians to greater risk. This paper describes the statistical analysis of pedestrian risk taking behavior while crossing the road, before and after the construction of a grade separator at an intersection of Delhi...
January 2013: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22717974/management-of-acute-traumatic-retrobulbar-haematomas-a-10-year-retrospective-review
#38
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Ying-An Chen, Dhruv Singhal, Yu-Ray Chen, Chien-Tzung Chen
BACKGROUND: Retrobulbar haematoma formation is a known complication following facial trauma involving the orbits. This is an important clinical entity as it can lead to permanent vision loss if not appropriately managed in the acute setting. METHODS: From 1999 to 2009, 2586 patients presented to the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital with orbital fractures. Eight patients presented with nine retrobulbar haematomas. A retrospective review of the patient's medical records was performed...
October 2012: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery: JPRAS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22665628/benchmarking-study-of-industry-practices-during-commercial-long-haul-transport-of-cattle-in-alberta-canada
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L A González, K S Schwartzkopf-Genswein, M Bryan, R Silasi, F Brown
The objective of the present study was to document current commercial practices during long haul transport (≥400 km) of cattle in Alberta through surveys delivered to truck drivers (6,152 journeys that transported 290,362 animals). The live beef export industry to the United States (89% of all journeys) had a large influence on long haul transport. This was particularly true for fat cattle going to slaughter (82%) and backgrounded feeders going to feed yards (15%). Most drivers had either limited (31% with < 2 yr) or extensive (35% > 10 yr) experience hauling cattle...
October 2012: Journal of Animal Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22452498/changes-in-heart-rate-and-heart-rate-variability-during-transportation-of-horses-by-road-and-air
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hajime Ohmura, Seiji Hobo, Atsushi Hiraga, James H Jones
OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of transportation by road and air on heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) in horses. Animals-6 healthy horses. PROCEDURES: ECG recordings were obtained from horses before (quarantine with stall rest [Q]; 24 hours) and during a journey that included transportation by road (RT; 4.5 hours), waiting on the ground in an air stall (W; 5.5 hours), and transportation by air (AT; 11 hours); HR was determined, and HRV indices of autonomic nervous activity (low-frequency [LF; 0...
April 2012: American Journal of Veterinary Research
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