Interview And Child Psychiatry

INTRODUCTION: While the attention to personality disorders (PD) and childhood maltreatment (CM) has grown in recent years, there remains limited understanding of the prevalence and distinctions of PD and CM in clinical populations of Chinese adolescents in comparison to adults. METHODS: A total of 1,417 participants were consecutively sampled from patients diagnosed with either psychotic or non-psychotic disorders in the psychiatric and psycho-counseling clinics at Shanghai Mental Health Center...

INTRODUCTION: This paper describes the process of implementing a family focused model, The Family Model , in child and adolescent and adult mental health services in Sweden. Additionally, it describes a service development project carried out in both services within a defined geographical area of Region Stockholm. The Family Model is a communication tool designed to assist clinicians in both services to have family focused conversations with their patients and relatives. Internationally, the needs of individuals experiencing mental health challenges (parents, children and young people) and their close relatives are now well recognized, but barriers to family focused practice nevertheless persist...

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, the division between Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) has frequently resulted in fragmented care with an unprepared, non-gradual transition. To improve continuity of care and other service transition experiences, service user input is essential. However, such previous qualitative studies are from a decade ago or focused on one mental disorder or country. The aim of the present study was to learn from service users' transition experiences and suggested improvements...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the criminal, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, paraphilic behaviors, sexual attitudes, gender perceptions, and rape-related beliefs of people assessed for criminal liability for rape against adults and children. METHOD: The study compared 40 people investigated for criminal liability for rape against an adult (RAA) with 40 individuals investigated for criminal liability for crime of rape against a child (RAC), and 43 age, sex and education matched individuals without any sexual crime history using the Structured Clinical Interview form for DSM-5 disorders, Hendrick Brief Sexual Attitude Scale, Gender Perception Scale, Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11...

The present study aimed to examine the association between the presence, number, and type of positive psychotic symptoms (PPS) and clinical severity in adolescent patients. Five hundred-six patients aged 11-17 years were assigned to either the noPPS (n = 341), the delusional beliefs only (del; n = 32), the hallucinations only (hall; n = 80), or the delusional beliefs and hallucinations (del&hall; n = 53) group. Generalized Structural Equation Modeling was applied to identify the best-fitting model representing clinical severity indicated by psychiatric diagnoses, depressivity, personality pathology, non-suicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, perceived stress, and psychosocial impairments, assessed by interviews and questionnaires...

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that Technology Assisted Sexual Abuse (TASA) represents a serious problem for large numbers of children. To date, there are very few evidence-based interventions available to young people (YP) after they have been exposed to this form of abuse, and access to support services remains a challenge. Digital tools such as smartphones have the potential to increase access to mental health support and may provide an opportunity for YP to both manage their distress and reduce the possibility of further victimization...

Black and Latinx people are disproportionately impacted by HIV, COVID-19, and other syndemic health crises with similar underlying social determinants of health. Lessons learned from the HIV pandemic and COVID-19 response have been invoked to improve health equity at the systemic level in the face of other emergent health crises. However, few have examined the potential translation of strategies between syndemics at the individual level. The current mixed-methods study examined strategies used to manage HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic and the extent to which they were helpful in managing COVID-19 vulnerability among Black and Latinx people living with HIV...

BACKGROUND: South Africa has one of the world's highest rates of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Recent evidence also showed that alcohol use during lactation significantly compromises child development in children exposed to alcohol through breastfeeding, independent of prenatal alcohol exposure. This study explored perceptions of perinatal alcohol use and treatment needs in Cape Town, South Africa, to inform the development of an intervention to encourage alcohol abstinence during pregnancy and breastfeeding...

Data on the chronicity of mental disorder in children with chronic physical illness (CPI) are limited. We examined the prevalence and predictors of homotypic and heterotypic continuity of mental disorder in children with CPI. A sample of 263 children aged 2-16 years with physician-diagnosed CPI were recruited from outpatient clinics (e.g., dermatology, respiratory) at a Canadian pediatric academic hospital and followed for 24 months. Parent and child-reported mental disorders (mood, anxiety, behavioral, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]) were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a prompt implementation of remote care, especially in mental health care. The evidence supporting this modality of care is still emerging, with few qualitative studies describing its implementation in Latin American countries. This study aims to understand the perspectives of therapists and patients regarding the use of telehealth in a child and adolescent mental health unit of a Chilean public service. METHODS: This is a qualitative study...

On the 100th birthday of the Global Alliance for Behavioral Health and Social Justice , it is appropriate to reflect on the evolution of thought on depression prevention research, as seen through a historical perspective, to note how the field has grown and how it can address the issues of today. This article is a personal reflection on one practitioner's evolution of thought on resilience and preventive intervention, starting with interviewing civil rights workers, to conceptualizing self-understanding as an essential component of resilience, to the development of a family-based preventive intervention for parental depression, which was disseminated, adapted, and incorporated into a growing body of prevention research...

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about how common and impairing body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is in the general population of youth. We evaluated the prevalence, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment associated with BDD and more broadly defined appearance preoccupation in young people. METHOD: Data were drawn from the 2017 Mental Health of Children and Young People in England survey. BDD and psychiatric comorbidity were assessed in 5-19 year olds (N = 7,654) according to DSM-5 criteria, using a clinician-rated standardized diagnostic assessment...

Background : Adolescents are at risk for mental health (MH) disorders but are unlikely to seek services and may be reluctant to talk about their MH. An anonymous, online MH-focused community could help reduce suffering. However, online forums can also promote negative behaviours such as cyberbullying. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of an online community - LovesCompany - to improve MH outcomes for adolescents. Methods : American adolescents (14-17 years) were recruited through social media...

INTRODUCTION: Adequate education, employment, and services for autistic individuals contribute significantly to their and their parents' quality of life. Services and support for adults are dramatically more limited than those for children. The main purpose of this study was to explore how parents perceive factors supporting/hindering access to services, and how they assess the quality of services. METHODS: Qualitative data provided by 12 parents via a semi-structured interview with a broader focus on parental quality of life and its factors were analyzed...

Using a cohort of 544 postpartum mothers, 6 weeks to 12 months post-delivery in the largely rural Makueni County in Kenya, we aimed to determine: (1) the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) and the prevalence of each of the four domains of intimate partner violence (IPV), that is physical violence, sexual violence, emotional violence, and controlling behavior; (2) the co-occurrence of PPD and IPV; (3) risk factors and associations between sociodemographic variables and IPV, PPD and IPV and PPD co-occurring...

BACKGROUND: Research on childhood adversity and psychopathology has begun investigating the dimension of timing, however the results have been contradictory depending on the study population, outcome and how adverse life events (ALEs) were operationalized. Additionally, studies so far typically focus only on a narrow range of psychiatric diagnoses or symptoms. The current cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between timing, type and chronicity of ALEs and adolescent mental health problems...

INTRODUCTION: The precise epidemiological burden of autism is unknown because of the limited capacity to identify and diagnose the disorder in resource-constrained settings, related in part to a lack of appropriate standardised assessment tools and health care experts. We assessed the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy of the Developmental Diagnostic Dimensional Interview (3Di) in a rural setting on the Kenyan coast. METHODS: Using a large community survey of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), we administered the 3Di to 2,110 children aged between 6 years and 9 years who screened positive or negative for any NDD and selected 242 who had specific symptoms suggestive of autism based on parental report and the screening tools for review by a child and adolescent psychiatrist...

OBJECTIVES: Identification of clinically significant irritability in preschool age is important to implement effective interventions. However, varying informant and measurement methods display distinct patterns. These patterns are associated with concurrent and future mental health concerns. Patterns across multi-informant methods in early-childhood irritability may have clinical utility, identifying risk for impaired psychosocial functioning. METHODS: Using data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (N = 425), latent profile analysis identified irritability patterns through the parent-reported Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales-Temper Loss (MAPS-TL), parent-reported interviewer-rated Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA), and observer-rated Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule (DB-DOS)...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19-related school closures on screen time and video gaming habits among governmental school students in Qatar and explore the prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) within this context. METHODS: A cross-sectional approach was employed, spanning two months from June to August 2022. A random sample of students aged 8-15 years was drawn from the national electronic health record system of Qatar. Telephone interviews with parents were conducted to collect data...

Few studies have investigated the offspring of women with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this study was to examine perinatal status, mental and physical health in the offspring of mothers with a history of AN. Fifty-one individuals with adolescent-onset AN and 51 matched controls (COMP) have been followed prospectively. Presently, 30 years after AN onset, at a mean age of 44 years, female participants who had given birth (nAN  = 40, nCOMP  = 40) were interviewed regarding psychiatric health in their offspring using the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment and the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview...