Dialysis,renal transplantation,hypertension,acute kidney injury,

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BACKGROUND: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant plays an important role in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Increasing incidence of MM and growing awareness of acute kidney injury (AKI) as a complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplant results in the need to better understand AKI in these patients. We aimed to evaluate incidence, risk factors and 5-year prognostic impact of AKI in MM patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study...

INTRODUCTION: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI) is a specific type of kidney injury seen in patients with cirrhosis and ascites and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. It is characterized by rapid deterioration of renal function due to reduced renal blood flow secondary to portal hypertensive splanchnic and systemic vasodilation. Early diagnosis and treatment of HRS-AKI are associated with greater likelihood of improvement in renal function, lower need for dialysis, and better post-transplant outcomes...

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BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. There is scarce data to support an association between nutritional status and nutrient delivery in critically ill pediatric patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the nutritional and clinical factors associated with the development of AKI during pediatric ICU stay. METHODS: This prospective study included critically ill pediatric patients aged < 15 years who were admitted to the medical and surgical pediatric ICU...

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinically relevant and common complication among patients with acute coronary syndrome. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), secreted from different cells including renal tubules, has been widely studied as an early marker for kidney injury. However, chronic kidney disease (CKD) could impact NGAL levels and alter their predictive performance. Some studies attempted to address this issue by setting different cutoff values for patients with CKD, with limited success to date...

BACKGROUND: The duration of patients maintained on peritoneal dialysis (PD) varied. This study investigated the clinical risk factors for PD withdrawal at different dialysis duration. METHODS: Patients who initiated PD from 1994 to 2011 were recruited and followed for at least 10 years until 2021. Patients were grouped into four groups according to dialysis duration or time on treatment (TOT) when withdrew PD. RESULTS: A cohort of 586 patients were enrolled (mean age of 54...

BACKGROUND: Despite organ shortages, the discard rate of deceased donor kidneys is high. Risk factors for this trend warrant further study. METHODS: We investigated reasons for discard in a cohort of brain death donors with marginal kidneys and procurement biopsies. Paraffin embedded procurement biopsies were systematically reevaluated and graded for the purpose of the study. Assessment included percentage of global glomerulosclerosis, Banff Lesion scores and tubular epithelial damage...

Antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy includes a variety of histological lesions, including thrombotic microangiopathy, which is not included among the diagnostic criteria of antiphospholipid syndrome. Whereas in secondary antiphospholipid syndrome, e.g. to systemic lupus erythematosus, there is emerging evidence of a benefit from complement blockade with eculizumab, optimal treatment of primary antiphospholipid syndrome-associated thrombotic microangiopathy is currently unknown. We report the case of a 36-year-old male patient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, presenting with a clinical picture of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome with frequent relapses, treated with eculizumab (four 900 mg weekly doses followed by 1200 mg fortnightly infusions) leading to resolution of hemolysis, long-term remission and partial kidney function recovery (peak serum creatinine 3...

Uremic toxins accumulate in patients affected by renal failure and can deposit in different organs, including the kidneys and heart. Given their physicochemical characteristics, uremic toxins can contribute to organ dysfunction due to several pathobiological actions at cellular and molecular levels. Several uremic compounds have been described in serum and plasma from patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and kidney failure; they are usually classified based on their molecular size and protein-binding properties...

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication in critically ill patients with and without COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of, and risk factors for, acute kidney injury and its effect on clinical outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients in Tyrol, Austria. METHODS: This multicenter prospective registry study included adult patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, who were treated in one of the 12 dedicated intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic from February 2020 until May 2022...

AIMS: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) by systematically reviewing the relevant literature. METHODS: This meta-analysis surveyed relevant articles published in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to December 2022 to identify the reliable risk factors for AKI after HSCT, calculating odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is identified more frequently in non-critical compared with intensive care settings. The prognosis of malnourished AKI patients is far worse than those with normal nutritional status. However, a method for estimating the optimal amount of energy required to guide nutritional support among non-critically ill AKI patients is yet to be determined. METHODS: We evaluated the performance of weight-based formulas (20-30 kcal/kg/day) with the reference values of energy expenditure (EE) measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) among non-critically ill AKI patients during hospitalization...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to study the role of aetiology, pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and infections in acute kidney injury (AKI) on renal outcome and mortality. METHODS: This retrospective study analysed patients with AKI admitted to a university nephrology department from January 1st, 2020 through December 31st, 2020. Aetiology of AKI, underlying renal disease in case of pre-existing CKD and presence of infections were assessed. Development of renal function and risk of death were studied with follow-up until January 31st, 2023...

BACKGROUND: Kidney involvement is common in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during the acute phase, little is known about the long-term impact of COVID-19 on the kidney. METHODS: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis on long-term renal outcomes among COVID-19 patients. We carried out a systematic literature search in PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane COVID-19 study register and performed the random-effects meta-analysis of rates...

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INTRODUCTION: Exposure to high ambient temperatures is associated with a risk of acute kidney injury. However, evidence comes from emergency departments or extreme weather exposures. It is unclear whether temperature-related adverse kidney outcomes can also be detected at a community level in a temperate climate zone. METHODS: In a 9.5-year retrospective cohort study we correlated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values of Swiss adult primary care patients from the FIRE cohort (Family medicine Research using Electronic medical records) with same-day maximum local ambient temperature data...

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Acute kidney injury development after trauma, burn, or sepsis occurs frequently but remains a scientific and clinical challenge. Whereas the pathophysiological focus has mainly been on hemodynamics and the downstream renal tubular system, little is known about alterations upstream within the glomerulus post trauma or during sepsis. Particularly for the glomerular endothelial cells, mesangial cells, basal membrane, and podocytes, all of which form the glomerular filter, there are numerous in vitro studies on the molecular and functional consequences upon exposure of single cell types to specific damage- or microbial-associated molecular patterns...

Hydroxychloroquine is one of the oldest disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in clinical use. The drug interferes with lysosomal activity and antigen presentation, inhibits autophagy, and decreases transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Owing to its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic effect, hydroxychloroquine has been an integral part of therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis for several decades. The therapeutic versatility of hydroxychloroquine has led to repurposing it for other clinical conditions, with recent studies showing reduction in proteinuria in IgA nephropathy...