migraines

BACKGROUND: Migraine affects approximately 14-15% of the global population, contributing to nearly 5% of the world's health burden. When drug treatments prove ineffective for intractable migraines, highly specific surgical interventions emerge as potential solutions. We aimed to analyze surgical approaches for these refractory or intractable migraines through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We conducted a literature search across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, focusing on studies related to migraines and surgical outcomes...

INTRODUCTION: The ObserVational survey of the Epidemiology, tReatment and Care Of MigrainE (OVERCOME) European Union (EU) is part of an overarching population-based study program that also includes the United States and Japan. Here, we report data on the migraine/severe headache burden and the use of acute medication and healthcare resources in Spain and Germany. METHODS: OVERCOME (EU) was an online, non-interventional, cross-sectional survey conducted in adults in Spain and Germany between October 2020 and February 2021...

BACKGROUND: Current studies have shown emerging roles of lncRNAs in the pathobiology of neuropathic pain and migraine. METHODS: We have chosen five lncRNAs, namely, PVT1, DSCAM-AS, MEG3, LINC-ROR, and SPRY4-IT1 for assessment of their expression in the circulation of migraineurs. RESULTS: Expressions of PVT1 and MEG3 were higher in total migraineurs and both subgroups compared with controls (P < 0.0001). Meanwhile, expression of both lncRNA was higher in migraineurs with aura versus migraineurs without aura (P value < 0...

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of post-COVID headaches is not low. The eye can be affected by this infection, but it is not clear yet what the relationship is between persistent headaches and the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) after COVID-19 infection this study aims to investigate the relationship between these subjects. METHODS: In this retrospective study, in patients who have had a persistent headache, SD-OCT analysis of RNFL was obtained, and RNLF thickness values before and after COVID-19 infection were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of data on the epidemiology of IBS in pregnant and postpartum patients in the United States. METHODS: A retrospective claims analysis was conducted in a cohort of 1,618,379 patients with ≥1 delivery hospitalization between 2013-2019 utilizing ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes after merging inpatient and outpatient claims. Obstetric, psychological, and other medical comorbidities were also examined. KEY RESULTS: The prevalence of IBS in our cohort was 1...

Delta opioid receptors hold potential as a target for neurological and psychiatric disorders, yet no delta opioid receptor agonist has proven efficacious in critical phase II clinical trials. The exact reasons for the failure to produce quality drug candidates for the delta opioid receptor is nuclear. However, it is known that certain delta opioid receptor agonists can induce seizures and exhibit tachyphylaxis. Several studies have suggested that those adverse effects are more prevalent in delta agonists that share the SNC80/BW373U86 chemotype...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the efficacy of napex acupoint thread-embedding combined with metoprolol tartrate tablet for prophylactic treatment of migraine without aura, and to compare its efficacy with simple napex acupoint thread-embedding and simple metoprolol tartrate tablet. METHODS: A total of 105 patients with migraine without aura were randomized into a combination group (35 cases, 5 cases dropped out), a thread-embedding group (35 cases, 4 cases dropped out) and a western medication group (35 cases, 2 cases dropped out)...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We performed a narrative review of the recent findings in epidemiology, clinical presentation, mechanisms and treatment of vestibular migraine. RECENT FINDINGS: Vestibular migraine is an underdiagnosed condition that has a high prevalence among general, headache and neuro-otology clinics. Vestibular migraine has a bimodal presentation probably associated with a hormonal component in women. These patients could have a complex clinical phenotype including concomitant autonomic, inflammatory or connective tissue conditions that have a higher prevalence of psychological symptoms, which may mistakenly lead to a diagnosis of a functional neurological disorder...

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON) is a rare headache syndrome, the diagnosis of which can be daunting to those who are not familiar with it. It presents characteristically with recurrent ocular motor weakness and ipsilateral head pain without an underlying etiology and often has unique imaging findings. Even after the successful diagnosis of this entity, there are no published management guidelines. Here, we present the case of a 31-year-old man whom we diagnosed with RPON following two episodes of unilateral headache with ophthalmoplegia over a three-month period and treated successfully with high-dose steroids on both occasions...

UNLABELLED: Several ocular adverse effects have been attributed to Topiramate, a sulfonamide derivative. It can cause problems in the eye such as choroidal effusion syndrome, acute angle closure glaucoma, myopic shift, visual field defects, and Myokymia. If not identified early, it can be vision-threatening. It is commonly used for migraine prophylaxis, partial onset, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It has also been prescribed for bipolar disorder and alcoholism. The risk of adverse reactions with this drug is 3%...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Occupational therapy (OT) consensus recommendations and articles outlining a sensory-based OT intervention for functional neurological disorder (FND) have been published. However, limited research has been conducted to examine the efficacy of OT interventions for FND. We performed a retrospective cohort study aimed at independently replicating preliminarily characterized sensory processing difficulties in patients with FND and reporting on clinical outcomes of a sensory-based OT treatment in this population...

OBJECTIVES: Migraine is a chronic and joint disease in children. The results of previous studies on the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing migraine attacks in children have been controversial. This study aims to investigate the effect of probiotics on migraine prophylaxis in children. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this clinical trial study, 41 children aged 5 to 15 with migraine enrolled the study in two control and intervention groups. Children in the intervention group (18 children) received propranolol at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight daily in two divided doses along with a 250 mg Yomogi capsule daily for three months, and children in the control group (23 children), received propranolol along with placebo for three months...

OBJECTIVE: Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs) are novel high-cost treatments for the prevention of migraine. This study presents data on utilisation, expenditure and treatment patterns with CGRP mAbs available under a managed access protocol in Ireland, to a cohort of treatment refractory patients (failed three or more previous treatments) with chronic migraine. METHODS: Data was extracted from the Primary Care Reimbursement Service (PCRS) High Tech claims database and special drug request online system, and analysed using Microsoft Excel and SAS...

One characteristic of migraine is recurrent headache attacks, which are known to be induced by changes in climatic variables such as atmospheric pressure, humidity, and outside temperature. However, the relationship between temperature changes and migraine remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between body temperature changes and cortical spreading depression (CSD) using KCl-induced rat models of CSD. We initially induced CSD under controlled conditions at a room temperature of 28°C on an operating table maintained at 37°C...

Focal cortical dysplasias are abnormalities of the cerebral cortex associated with an elevated risk of neurological disturbances. Cortical spreading depolarization/depression is a correlate of migraine aura/headache and a trigger of migraine pain mechanisms. However, cortical spreading depolarization/depression is associated with cortical structural changes, which can be classified as transient focal cortical dysplasias. Migraine is reported to be associated with changes in various brain structures, including malformations and lesions in the cortex...

OBJECTIVES: Migraine and tremor share some genetic mutation sites, and clinical studies have also confirmed their correlation. This study aims to explore the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of migraine patients with concomitant tremor, and to analyze the relevant influential factors of tremor occurrence. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 217 migraine patients who visited the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from June 2022 to October 2023...

Aberrant cognitive network activity and cognitive deficits are established features of chronic pain. However, the nature of cognitive network alterations associated with chronic pain and their underlying mechanisms require elucidation. Here, we report that the claustrum, a subcortical nucleus implicated in cognitive network modulation, is activated by acute painful stimulation and pain-predictive cues in healthy participants. Moreover, we discover pathological activity of the claustrum and a region near the posterior inferior frontal sulcus of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (piDLPFC) in migraine patients during acute pain and cognitive task performance...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Physiotherapy interventions for headache mostly include exercise and manual therapy. Yet, the complex nature of headache, sometimes characterized by symptoms of facilitated central pain mechanisms, demands an individualized approach in which therapeutic patient education could be supportive. This scoping review aimed to summarize the position of therapeutic patient education within the physiotherapy management of adults with headache. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched...

BACKGROUND: Many risk factors have been associated with migraine progression, including insufficient and ineffective utilization of migraine medications; however, they have been inadequately explored. This has resulted in suboptimal usage of medications without effective altering of prescribing recommendations for patients, posing a risk for migraine chronification. METHODS: Our aim is to conduct a comprehensive review of the available evidence regarding the underuse of migraine medications, both acute and preventive...

The beneficial effects of increasing histamine levels on memory have acquired special interest due to their applicability to psychiatric conditions that cause memory impairments. In addition, by employing drug repurposing approaches, it was demonstrated that dihydroergotamine (DHE), an FDA drug approved to treat migraines, inhibits Histamine N Methyl Transferase (HNMT), the enzyme responsible for the inactivation of histamine in the brain. For this reason, in the present work, the effect of DHE on histamine levels in the hippocampus and its effects on memory was evaluated, employing the scopolamine-induced amnesia model, the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) paradigm, and the Morris Water Maze (MWM)...