keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37453850/ultrasound-guided-superficial-radial-nerve-block-in-the-emergency-department-for-pain-management-following-centipede-bite
#21
Chitta Ranjan Mohanty, Rakesh Vadakkethil Radhakrishnan, Anju Gupta, Snigda Bellapukonda
Centipede bites are reported in many parts of tropical and subtropical countries, such as India. Centipede envenomation produces significant local symptoms, with pain being the most prominent symptom. The emergency department (ED) plays a crucial role in managing the victims through appropriate pain management and control of other local and systemic symptoms. Nonopioids and weak opioids, along with local measures, are often employed, but the intense pain is often refractory to these conventional techniques...
July 13, 2023: Wilderness & Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37428925/horizontal-gene-transfer-underlies-the-painful-stings-of-asp-caterpillars-lepidoptera-megalopygidae
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew A Walker, Samuel D Robinson, David J Merritt, Fernanda C Cardoso, Mohaddeseh Hedayati Goudarzi, Raine S Mercedes, David A Eagles, Paul Cooper, Christina N Zdenek, Bryan G Fry, Donald W Hall, Irina Vetter, Glenn F King
Larvae of the genus Megalopyge (Lepidoptera: Zygaenoidea: Megalopygidae), known as asp or puss caterpillars, produce defensive venoms that cause severe pain. Here, we present the anatomy, chemistry, and mode of action of the venom systems of caterpillars of two megalopygid species, the Southern flannel moth Megalopyge opercularis and the black-waved flannel moth Megalopyge crispata . We show that megalopygid venom is produced in secretory cells that lie beneath the cuticle and are connected to the venom spines by canals...
July 18, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37418715/schr%C3%A3-dinger-dynamics-and-berry-phase-of-undulatory-locomotion
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander E Cohen, Alasdair D Hastewell, Sreeparna Pradhan, Steven W Flavell, Jörn Dunkel
Spectral mode representations play an essential role in various areas of physics, from quantum mechanics to fluid turbulence, but they are not yet extensively used to characterize and describe the behavioral dynamics of living systems. Here, we show that mode-based linear models inferred from experimental live-imaging data can provide an accurate low-dimensional description of undulatory locomotion in worms, centipedes, robots, and snakes. By incorporating physical symmetries and known biological constraints into the dynamical model, we find that the shape dynamics are generically governed by Schrödinger equations in mode space...
June 23, 2023: Physical Review Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37405495/animals-evoking-fear-in-the-cradle-of-humankind-snakes-scorpions-and-large-carnivores
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Frynta, Hassan Sh Abdirahman Elmi, Kateřina Rexová, Markéta Janovcová, Veronika Rudolfová, Iveta Štolhoferová, David Král, David Sommer, Daniel Alex Berti, Petra Frýdlová
Theories explain the presence of fears and specific phobias elicited by animals in contemporary WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) populations by their evolutionary past in Africa. Nevertheless, empirical data about fears of animals in the Cradle of Humankind are still fragmentary. To fill this gap, we examined which local animals are perceived as the most frightening by Somali people, who inhabit a markedly similar environment and the region where humans have evolved...
July 5, 2023: Die Naturwissenschaften
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37368027/avicenna-s-pharmacopeia-for-the-treatment-of-animal-bites
#25
REVIEW
Ebrahim Nasiri, Jamal Rezaei Orimi, Zahra Aghabeiglooei, Kathleen Walker-Meikle, Mohammad Amrollahi-Sharifabadi
Envenomation is a common medical problem. The Canon of Medicine written by Avicenna is one of the reliable sources of Persian medicine. The present study aims to identify Avicenna's clinical pharmacology approach and the pharmacopeia used for the treatment of animal envenomations and also to evaluate the related data in light of the current medicine. The Canon of Medicine was searched using related Arabic keywords for the contents about the treatment of animal bites. A literature search was conducted in scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to obtain relevant data...
June 27, 2023: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37344256/poisonous-venomous-or-harmless
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James H Diaz
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 31, 2023: Wilderness & Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37287999/soil-centipedes-chilopoda-geophilomorpha-in-the-val-camonica-forests-southern-alps-species-composition-and-richness
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberto Magnolini, Lucio Bonato
Soil centipedes (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha) are a widespread group of predators in the forest soils of the European Alps. While in the eastern and western parts of the Southern Prealps, larger efforts were devoted to sample and study the geophilomorph fauna, little is known about species richness and composition of geophilomorph communities in the central part of Southern Prealps. In this work, five sites located in the Val Camonica were surveyed by hand searching, between November 2021 and July 2022 and their species richness was estimated applying non-parametrical statistical methods (Chao-1 and Abundance-based Coverage Estimator) to account for incomplete detection...
2023: Biodiversity Data Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37248050/when-food-fights-back-skull-morphology-and-feeding-behavior-of-centipede-eating-snakes
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noah D Gripshover, Patrick Hennessey, Lance D McBrayer, Jesse M Meik, Charles M Watson, Christian L Cox
Feeding is a complex process that involves an integrated response of multiple functional systems. Animals evolve phenotypic integration of complex morphological traits to covary and maximize performance of feeding behaviors. Specialization, such as feeding on dangerous prey, can further shape the integration of behavior and morphology as traits are expected to evolve and maintain function in parallel. Feeding on centipedes, with their powerful forcipules that pinch and inject venom, has evolved multiple times within snakes, including the genus Tantilla...
May 29, 2023: Integrative and Comparative Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37235348/prospecting-local-treatments-used-in-conjunction-with-antivenom-administration-following-envenomation-caused-by-animals-a-systematic-review
#29
REVIEW
Érica S Carvalho, Isadora Oliveira, Thaís P Nascimento, Alexandre Vilhena da Silva Neto, Brenda A S Leal, Felipe Q Araújo, Bruno F V Julião, Andrea R N Souza, Andreza W Abrahim, Bruna B O Macedo, Jéssica T S de Oliveira, Fan Hui Wen, Manuela B Pucca, Wuelton M Monteiro, Jacqueline A G Sachett
Envenomation caused by venomous animals may trigger significant local complications such as pain, edema, localized hemorrhage, and tissue necrosis, in addition to complications such as dermonecrosis, myonecrosis, and even amputations. This systematic review aims to evaluate scientific evidence on therapies used to target local effects caused by envenomation. The PubMed, MEDLINE, and LILACS databases were used to perform a literature search on the topic. The review was based on studies that cited procedures performed on local injuries following envenomation with the aim of being an adjuvant therapeutic strategy...
April 28, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37231619/maneuverable-and-efficient-locomotion-of-a-myriapod-robot-with-variable-body-axis-flexibility-via-instability-and-bifurcation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shinya Aoi, Yuki Yabuuchi, Daiki Morozumi, Kota Okamoto, Mau Adachi, Kei Senda, Kazuo Tsuchiya
Legged robots have remarkable terrestrial mobility, but are susceptible to falling and leg malfunction during locomotion. The use of a large number of legs, as in centipedes, can overcome these problems, but it makes the body long and leads to many legs being constrained to contact with the ground to support the long body, which impedes maneuverability. A mechanism for maneuverable locomotion using a large number legs is thus desirable. However, controlling a long body with a large number of legs requires huge computational and energy costs...
May 24, 2023: Soft Robotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37123063/development-of-real-time-pcr-method-for-rapid-and-accurate-detection-of-centipedes-scolopendra-mutilans-in-food
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seung-Man Suh, Eiseul Kim, Mi-Ju Kim, Seung-Min Yang, Hae-Yeong Kim
Centipedes contain pharmacologically active compounds used as important medicinal material. However, the poisons produced by centipedes can cause human diseases; therefore, its use as a food ingredient is prohibited. This is the first report to develop a real-time PCR method for detection of centipedes. The primer and probe targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene were newly designed. The specificity was verified using ten species and was confirmed to amplify only the centipede species...
June 2023: Food Science and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37045424/the-first-troglobiotic-cryptopid-centipede-chilopoda-scolopendromorpha-cryptopidae-from-the-caucasus
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Hadrián Tuf, Shalva Barjadze, Eter Maghradze
Cryptops (Cryptops) datviensis sp. nov. from Datvi Cave in Georgia, is the first troglobiotic species of the genus Cryptops Leach, 1814 to be described from the Caucasus. The new species morphologically resembles the common epigean Caucasian species Cryptops caucasius Verhoeff, 1934, but differs in typical troglomorphic features, such as elongation of antennae and legs. A key to species of the genus Cryptops from the Caucasus is presented. A list of the invertebrates inhabiting Datvi Cave is provided.
November 10, 2022: Zootaxa
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37032730/antihepatoma-peptide-scolopentide-derived-from-the-centipede-scolopendra-subspinipes-mutilans
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Xing Hu, Zhuo Liu, Zhen Zhang, Zhe Deng, Zhen Huang, Ting Feng, Qing-Hong Zhou, Si Mei, Chun Yi, Qing Zhou, Pu-Hua Zeng, Gang Pei, Sha Tian, Xue-Fei Tian
BACKGROUND: Centipedes have been used to treat tumors for hundreds of years in China. However, current studies focus on antimicrobial and anticoagulation agents rather than tumors. The molecular identities of antihepatoma bioactive components in centipedes have not yet been extensively investigated. It is a challenge to isolate and characterize the effective components of centipedes due to limited peptide purification technologies for animal-derived medicines. AIM: To purify, characterize, and synthesize the bioactive components with the strongest antihepatoma activity from centipedes and determine the antihepatoma mechanism...
March 28, 2023: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36947936/indoloquinazoline-alkaloids-with-cardiomyocyte-protective-activity-against-cold-ischemic-injury-from-aspergillus-clavatonanicus
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoqi Jin, Jiangyang Chi, Yixuan Zhao, Rui Jiang, Jiangchun Wei, Nianguo Dong, Zhengxi Hu, Yonghui Zhang
The arthropod-associated fungi have been demonstrated to be a remarkable producer of structurally captivating and bioactive secondary metabolites for drug discovery. In this study, eleven new indoloquinazoline alkaloids, namely aspergilloids A-K (1-11), along with five known congeners (12-16), were obtained from fungus Aspergillus clavatonanicus, which was isolated from the gut of a centipede collected in our Tongji campus. All these compounds were rarely defined by a 6/5/5 indolone ring system in conjugation with a five-membered spiral ring (1-5 and 10-16) or an opening five-membered spiral ring (6-9)...
March 17, 2023: Bioorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36916656/nanosilk-template-guided-induced-construction-of-brush-flower-like-3d-nanostructures
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanlei Hu, Yue Ma, Liang Liu, Juan Yu, Jing Cui, Shengjie Ling, Yimin Fan
Biomaterials with natural hierarchical structures typically exhibit extraordinary properties because of their multilevel structural designs. They offer many templates and models as well as inspiration for material design, particularly for fabricating structure-regulated, performance-enhanced, and function-enriched materials. Biopolymer-based nanocomposites with ingenious nanostructures constructed through ecofriendly and sustainable approaches are highly desirable to meet the multifunctional requirements of developing bioinspired materials...
March 14, 2023: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36897978/self-propulsion-via-slipping-frictional-swimming-in-multilegged-locomotors
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Baxi Chong, Juntao He, Shengkai Li, Eva Erickson, Kelimar Diaz, Tianyu Wang, Daniel Soto, Daniel I Goldman
Locomotion is typically studied either in continuous media where bodies and legs experience forces generated by the flowing medium or on solid substrates dominated by friction. In the former, centralized whole-body coordination is believed to facilitate appropriate slipping through the medium for propulsion. In the latter, slip is often assumed minimal and thus avoided via decentralized control schemes. We find in laboratory experiments that terrestrial locomotion of a meter-scale multisegmented/legged robophysical model resembles undulatory fluid swimming...
March 14, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36894740/age-related-changes-in-antioxidant-defenses-of-the-mediterranean-centipede-scolopendra-cingulata-chilopoda
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bojan M Mitić, Slavica S Borković-Mitić, Jelena S Vranković, Dalibor Z Stojanović, Slađan Z Pavlović
The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as the concentrations of sulfhydryl (SH) groups and glutathione (GSH) were analyzed in five age classes of the Mediterranean centipede Scolopendra cingulata as follows: embryo, adolescens, maturus junior, maturus, and maturus senior. The data obtained showed the presence of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR, GST, and SH groups in embryos. The transition from embryo to adolescens was accompanied by an increase in the activities of all studied enzymes, in response to the increased production of ROS due to the increased metabolic activity of the centipede associated with growth and development...
March 9, 2023: Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36894109/uplc-qtof-ms-ms-based-metabolomic-approach-and-gastroprotective-effect-of-two-chemotypes-of-egletes-viscosa-l-less-against-ethanol-induced-gastric-ulcer-in-mice
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Flávia Almeida Santos, Ana Flávia Seraine Custódio Viana, Paulo Iury Gomes Nunes, Benedito Yago Machado Portela, Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves, Daniel de Araújo Viana, Kaline Rodrigues Carvalho, Rita de Cássia Alves Pereira, Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro, Elenilson Godoy Alves-Filho, Edy Sousa de Brito, Edilberto Rocha Silveira, Kirley Marques Canuto
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Egletes viscosa (L.) (macela) is a native wild herb that can be found in different states of northeastern Brazil. The infusions of its flower buds are traditionally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. E. viscosa possesses two chemotypes (named A and B), distinguishable by the composition of the essential oil from the flower buds. Although there are previous studies of the gastroprotective effect of the isolated constituents of E. viscosa, its infusions have not been investigated yet...
March 7, 2023: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36817294/applying-game-theory-models-to-inpatient-medicine-opportunities-to-improve-care
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ho-Man Yeung, Shreya Makkapati
Inpatient hospital costs have been increasing exponentially in the United States. Part of this increase is attributed to over and undertreatment, leading to higher costs and potential patient harm. Research improving clinician-patient interactions can help minimize and optimize the costs. Game theory has the ability improve clinician-patient interaction by modeling outcomes. Using variations of game theory, the bad doctor bad patient stigma can reframed to incentives. We believe the use of different models (prisoner dilemma, centipede game, assurance game, and chicken game) can outline the challenges faced during common inpatient scenarios, including end of life conversations and aggressive procedures...
2023: Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36785705/feeding-ecology-of-the-terciopelo-pit-viper-snake-bothrops-asper-in-ecuador
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amaru Loaiza-Lange, Diana Székely, Omar Torres-Carvajal, Nicolás Tinoco, David Salazar-Valenzuela, Paul Székely
Thoroughly documenting prey items and diet composition is crucial for understanding a predator's role in the ecosystem. In gape restricted predators, such as snakes, documenting and analyzing the type and size of the prey is important to interpret their ecological role. We describe the diet patterns of a species of venomous snake, the Terciopelo pit viper ( Bothrops asper ), from its Ecuadorian populations. Examining the gastrointestinal contents of museum specimens collected over an extensive area of the Pacific lowlands of Ecuador, we encountered 69 identifiable prey items from four major taxonomic groups (amphibians, centipedes, mammals, and reptiles)...
2023: PeerJ
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