sheep urine

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The intake of selenium, an essential element for animals and humans, in ruminants is largely determined by selenium concentration in ingested forages, which take up selenium mainly from soil. Ruminant excreta is a common source of organic fertilizer, which provides both nutrients and organic matter. This study aims to unentangle the unclear effect of applying different types of ruminant excreta in soils of different organic matter contents on selenium uptake by forage...

Improving feed efficiency is crucial to the animal industry. Residual feed intake (RFI) is now regarded as an index of feed efficiency evaluation and is independent of growth characteristics. Our study aims to explore the alterations in growth performance and nutrient digestion in Hu sheep with different RFI phenotypes. Sixty-four male Hu sheep (body weight = 24.39 ± 1.12 kg; postnatal days = 90 ± 7.9) were selected for the study. After an evaluation period of 56 days and power analysis, samples were collected from 14 low RFI (L-RFI group, power = 0...

Ammonia (NH3 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions from livestock manure management have a significant impact on air quality and climate change. There is an increasing urgency to improve our understanding of drivers influencing these emissions. We analysed the DATAMAN ("DATAbase for MANaging greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions factors") database to identify key factors influencing (i) NH3 emission factors (EFs) for cattle and swine manure applied to land and (ii) N2 O EFs for cattle and swine manure applied to land, and (iii) cattle urine, dung and sheep urine deposited during grazing...

This study investigated the effect of dietary flavour supplements on the preference, feed efficiency and expression of the sweet taste receptor family 1 members 2 and 3 ( T1R2 + T1R3 ), and sodium-glucose linked transporter 1 ( SGLT1 ) genes in the lambs' small intestines. Eight, five-month-old, Israeli crossbred Assaf lambs were offered 16 different non-nutritive commercial flavours in rolled barley and ground corn. Capsicum and sucram were the most preferred non-aroma flavours ( p = 0.020), while milky ( p < 0...

A small-colony variant (SCV) of carbon dioxide-dependent Escherichia coli was isolated from a patient with acute bacterial cystitis. After the urine sample was inoculated on 5% sheep blood agar and incubated overnight at 35 °C in ambient air, no colony formation was observed. However, after overnight incubation at 35 °C in 5% CO2 -enhanced ambient air, numerous colonies were obtained. We failed to characterize or identify the SCV isolate using the MicroScan WalkAway-40 System because the isolate did not grow in the system...

Urolithiasis is a multifactorial disease of male ruminants causing significant economic loss and compromise of animal welfare. Known risk factors include anatomic factors, urine pH, water intake, dietary composition, and genetic factors. Clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis may be treated using a variety of medical and surgical interventions, including tube cystostomy, perineal urethrostomy, urinary bladder marsupialization, and modifications of these procedures designed to optimize patient outcome.

Creatinine is a urinary marker used widely in ruminant's experimental trials. However, despite its great importance no data were found in the literature about the best way to store bovine urine samples. In the sheep urine, was observed an increase in the urinary concentration of creatinine when it was stored acidified (pH 2.5 to 3.5) at a temperature of 28 to 39 °C for 150 days of storage. Nevertheless, urine should be stored acidified (pH below 3) to avoid purine derivative degradation, So, aimed to evaluate creatinine recovery in bovine urine as a function of storage time and temperature...

A hemin-requiring Proteus vulgaris small-colony variant (SCV) was isolated from a urine culture. This isolate was grown on 5% sheep blood agar but not on modified Drigalski agar. The single nucleotide substitution was found in the SCV of the hemC gene (c.55C > T), and this substitution caused a nonsense mutation (p.Gln19Ter). Porphyrin test results showed that the biosynthesis of δ-aminolevulinic acid stopped up to porphobilinogen and not pre-uroporphyrinogen due to a mutation in the hemC gene...

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance threatens adequate healthcare provision against infectious diseases. Antibiograms, combined with patient clinical history, enable clinicians and pharmacists to select the best empirical treatments prior to culture results. OBJECTIVES: To develop a local antibiogram for the Ho Teaching Hospital. METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study, using data collected on bacterial isolates from January-December 2021...

Since its first emergence in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continued to evolve genetically, jump species barriers, and expand its host range. There is growing evidence of interspecies transmission including infection of domestic animals and widespread circulation in wildlife. However, knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 stability in animal biological fluids and their role in transmission is still limited as previous studies focused on human biological fluids. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the SARS-CoV-2 stability in biological fluids from three animal species, cats, sheep and white-tailed deer (WTD)...

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease. Pathogenic leptospires colonize the renal tubules and genital tract of animals and are excreted via urine. Transmission occurs via direct contact or through contaminated water or soil. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the gold standard for the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. The present study aims to evaluate animal exposure to Leptospira in the U.S. and Puerto Rico during the period 2018-2020. The presence of antibodies against pathogenic Leptospira spp...

Rodents are the primary reservoirs for pathogenic Leptospira species, which cause leptospirosis. Among the key potential carriers are water voles, whose population outbreaks can consequently pose a major threat to human and animal health. We studied the prevalence, prominence, and epidemiology of pathogenic Leptospira species in water voles in central France. First, 46 voles were captured, and DNA was extracted from kidney, lung, liver, blood, and urine and tested for the presence of Leptospira using three molecular methods: PCR, O-antigen typing, and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) typing...

The form (organic versus inorganic) of minerals (Se, Zn, Cu and Mn), supplemented to sheep (Charolais × Suffolk-Mule (mean weight = 57 ± 2.9 kg) at two European industrial doses, on the return of micronutrients to pasture via nutrient partitioning and composition in sheep urine and faeces was investigated. This gave four treatments in total with 6 animals per treatment (n = 24). The form of the supplemented minerals did not influence the excretory partitioning of micronutrients (Se, Zn, Cu and Mn) between urine and faeces, nor on their concentrations in the excreta...

BACKGROUND: The natriuretic peptides (NPs) are potent natriuretic/diuretic and vasodilatory factors, and augmentation of their levels or signaling via inhibition of the enzymes neprilysin (NEP) and phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9), respectively, has beneficial actions in heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES: The authors investigated dual enhancement of NP bioactivity by combining PDE9 inhibition and NEP inhibition in HF using an ovine model. METHODS: Eight sheep with pacing-induced HF received on 4 separate days intravenous PDE9 inhibition (PF-04749982), NEP inhibition (SCH-32615), PDE9 inhibition + NEP inhibition (PI+NI), and vehicle control treatment...

Phosphorus (P) is one of the main minerals present in the animal body and exerts crucial functions in the organism. P is present at all cell membranes and integrates the structure of bones, being necessary its supplementation in ruminants due to the deficiency of this mineral in the pastures. One of the principal factors that compromise its metabolization are gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Thus, the objective of this study was evaluate the performance and metabolism of P through its distribution in the animal body, density of bones and muscles, dynamic fluxes, biological availability and half live of P, concentration of P in tissues and bones of lambs simultaneously infected with the most prevalent GIN to sheep, in tropical or subtropical areas, (Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis) using the isotopic dilution technique with 32 P radioisotope...

This study aimed to evaluate histological, digestive and postabsorptive physiological parameters in Santa Ines lambs infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis and fed different levels of phosphorus. Therefore, eighteen Santa Ines, castrated male, six-month old, healthy lambs (initial body weight 22.4 ± 2.7 kg) were distributed in one of four treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 split-plot arrangement: Sufficient dietary P level and uninfected (SPui; n = 4), Sufficient dietary P level and infected (SPi; n = 5), Deficient dietary P level and uninfected (DPui; n = 4), Deficient dietary P level and infected (DPi; n = 5)...

Sugar beet pulp is a popular by-product of sugar extraction; however, it can potentially cause depletion of Ca availability due to its oxalic content. The experiment examined the effect of sugar beet pulp and anionic salts administration during the dry period on the serum concentration of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and potassium of dairy sheep. Eighty-seven sheep were divided into three groups (A, B, and C) according to their body condition score (BCS) and age at 40 days before the expected lambing. All groups received alfalfa hay, mixed grass straw, and a concentrate supplement...

The development of strategies to overcome the shortage of forage due to persistently low rainfall is becoming a central task for animal nutrition in research and practice. In this study, it was investigated how the treatment of straw with NaOH or feed urea in a practicable procedure for modern farms affects rumen fermentation (gas production and greenhouse gas concentration) as well as the digestibility of feed energy and nutrients. For this purpose, the treatments were tested individually and in different proportions in a total mixed ration (TMR) in ruminal batch cultures in vitro and in a digestibility trial with sheep...

The feeding value for ruminants of green hemp biomass, from the low Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC) variety of Cannabis sativa L., is unknown. Twelve Merino ewes were individually penned and randomly allocated on a stratified liveweight basis to one of two pelleted dietary treatments, control (0% hemp, n = 6) or hemp (42% green hemp biomass, n = 6) that delivered a diet meeting the nutrient requirements of the animals. The experimental period consisted of 17 d dietary and housing adaptation, followed by 7 d total urine and feces collection for determination of apparent nutrient digestibility...

Mexico has many agricultural by-products that can be used for animal feed, and green tomatoes are produced throughout the country and can be an alternative to overcome the high prices of cereal-based feeds. This study determined in vitro fermentation kinetics, production performance, nutrient intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance from sheep supplemented with whole plant green tomato (GT) on corn silage (CS) based diets. For 21 days, eighteen Suffolk lambs (38 ± 4 kg of live weight) were grouped into three dietary GT inclusion levels to replace CS: a control diet based on 100% CS (GT0, 570 g /kg dry matter, DM), while 100 g/kg DM (GT100) and 200 g/kg DM (GT200) of GT were included as a replacement for CS...