Type one diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND: Previous observational studies have demonstrated a connection between the risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gastrointestinal problems brought on by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. However, little is understood about how these factors impact on T2DM. METHOD: This study used data from the GWAS database on H. pylori antibodies, gastroduodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis, gastric cancer, T2DM and information on potential mediators: obesity, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood glucose levels...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with healthy controls (HC) and evaluate the BDNF levels in T2DM patients with/without cognitive impairment. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for the published English literature on BDNF in T2DM patients from inception to December 2022. The BDNF data in the T2DM and HC groups were extracted, and the study quality was evaluated using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Non-adherence to medication is a frequent barrier in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, potentially limiting the effectiveness of evidence-based treatments. Previous studies have mostly relied on indirect adherence measures to analyse outcomes based on adherence. The aim of this study was to use LC-MS/MS in urine-a non-invasive, direct and objective measure-to assess non-adherence to cardiometabolic drugs and analyse its association with kidney and cardiovascular outcomes...

PURPOSE: Concrete epidemiological evidence has suggested the mutually-contributing effect respectively between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and periodontitis (PD); however, their shared crosstalk mechanism remains an open issue. METHOD: The NAFLD, PD, and T2DM-related datasets were obtained from the NCBI GEO repository. Their common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and the functional enrichment analysis performed by the DAVID platform determined relevant biological processes and pathways...

Diabetes mellitus is one of the biggest challenges for the scientific community in the 21st century. With the increasing number of cases of diabetes and drug-resistant diabetes, there is an urgent need to develop new potent molecules capable of combating this cruel disease. Medicinal chemistry concerns the discovery, development, identification, and interpretation of the mode of action of biologically active compounds at the molecular level. Oxadiazole-based derivatives have come up as a potential option for antidiabetic drug research...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to analyze the prognostic significance of handgrip strength as predictor of lower extremity amputation at 1 year follow up in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We evaluated 526 patients with type 2 diabetes between August 2020, and, June 2022. We collected from the electronic medical records demographic variables, laboratory data and history of amputation. The handgrip strength was assessed using a handheld Smedley digital dynamometer following the NHANES Muscle Strenght/Grip Test Procedure...

Cisplatin (Cis) is a platinum-based antineoplastic drug used in various types of cancers. This drug can induce nephrotoxicity as a cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Empagliflozin (Empa) is a newly developed inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) approved as an antidiabetic medication for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to its blood glucose-lowering effect, Empa has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties...

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the impact of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring(is-CGM)over self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG) in the context of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in sub-optimally controlled type 2 diabetes(T2D) in a multi-ethnicsetting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD: Randomized-controlled, open-label trial (NCT04564911), of T2D with HbA1c ≥ 7.5-≤10 %, on oral agents with/without basal insulin was carried out...

INTRODUCTION: Second-generation basal insulins like glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) have a longer duration of action and less daily fluctuation and interday variability than first-generation ones, such as glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100). The EF-BI study, a nationwide observational, retrospective study, was designed to compare persistence, acute care complications, and healthcare costs associated with the initiation of such basal insulins (BI) in a real-life setting in France. METHODS: This study was conducted using the French healthcare claims database (SNDS)...

PURPOSE: To quantify the preferences for an oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China. METHODS: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) with hypothetical OAD profiles was performed among patients with T2DM recruited from both online and offline sources. Each patient completed 12 DCE choice tasks. The attributes, elicited through mixed methods, include blood glucose level decrease, blood glucose level stability, frequency of medication, gastrointestinal side effects, dose adjustment and out-of-pocket expense...

OBJECTIVES: Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is highly prevalent and annoyingly in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) compared to pregabalin in PDN. METHODS: One hundred two eligible patients with type 2 diabetes and PDN were randomly recievied pregabalin (150 mg/day) or N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) (600 mg/ twice a day) for 8 weeks. Mean pain score, Sleep interference score (SIS), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC), and also, serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total thiol groups (TTG), catalase activity (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study...

AIMS: The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify barriers minimizing the effectiveness of motivational interviewing during virtual clinic encounters for individuals with type 2 diabetes based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model. METHODS: One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted from March to June 2023 with 17 adults with type 2 diabetes (64.7% female, median age 69 years with age range 47-83 years) followed at St...

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) develop due to dysfunction of the Langerhans islet β-cells in the pancreas, and this dysfunction is mediated by oxidative, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and mitochondrial stresses. Although the two types of diabetes are significantly different, β-cell failure and death play a key role in the pathogenesis of both diseases, resulting in hyperglycemia due to a reduced ability to produce insulin. In T1D, β-cell apoptosis is the main event leading to hyperglycemia, while in T2D, insulin resistance results in an inability to meet insulin requirements...

UNLABELLED: Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, debuting as arterial hypertension (AH) syndrome and prediabetes, are common types of chronic non-communicable processes, that are the leading cause of death in the world. The main treatment method for above mentioned disorders, according to the current guidelines, is pharmacotherapy. However, it is possible to effectively apply non-pharmacological correction methods, aimed at the probable etiological factor and inversive mechanism involved in AH maintenance, in the early stages when no permanent changes are maintaining a high level of blood hypertension (BH) and glycemia...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant threat to public health, and the anticipated surge of over 100% in the age-standardized prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran between 2021 and 2050 underscores the pressing need for focused attention. The rationale for estimating the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran becomes even more compelling when considering the potential cascading effects on the healthcare system, quality of life, and economic burden. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and trends of DM from 1996 to 2023 in the Islamic Republic of Iran...

UNLABELLED: Blood glycosylated hemoglobin level can be affected by various factors in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Frequent measurements are expensive, and a suitable estimation method could improve treatment outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 93 patients were recruited in this research. We analyzed a number of parameters such as age, glucose level, blood pressure, Body Mass Index, cholesterol level, echocardiography et al. Patients were prescribed metformin...

BACKGROUND: Observational evidence suggests that type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with the risk of osteoporosis (OP). Nevertheless, it is not apparent whether these correlations indicate a causal relationship. To elucidate the causal relationship, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed. METHODS: T1DM data was obtained from the large genome-wide association study (GWAS), in which 6683 cases and 12,173 controls from 12 European cohorts were involved...

INTRODUCTION: Angiodysplasia is the most common vascular abnormality in gastrointestinal tract, commonly occurs in right colon. CASE PRESENTATION: 42-year-old male presented with massive per rectal bleeding for one day duration. He is a known type 2 diabetes mellitus patient and not known to having any bleeding disorders or on any anticoagulant medication. He had no gastrointestinal red flag symptoms. He was hemodynamically stable, and rest of the examination was unremarkable...

This study evaluated the effect of 24-week Taichi training and Taichi plus resistance band training on pulmonary diffusion capacity and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Forty-eight patients with T2DM were randomly divided into three groups: Group A-Taichi training: practiced Taichi 60 min/day, 6 days/week for 24 weeks; Group B-Taichi plus resistance band training: practiced 60-min Taichi 4 days/week plus 60-min resistance band training 2 days/week for 24 weeks; and Group C-controls: maintaining their daily lifestyles...

INTRODUCTION: In adults, sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors have revolutionised the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to review information on compassionate use, clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of dapagliflozin and empagliflozin in children. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of published clinical trials, case reports, and observational studies in Medline, Excerpta Medica, and Web of Science databases from inception to September 2023...