keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534700/the-clinical-efficacy-of-adding-ceftazidime-avibactam-to-standard-therapy-in-treating-infections-caused-by-carbapenem-resistant-klebsiella-pneumonia-with-blaoxa-48-like-genes
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Al Maamon R Abu Jaber, Bilgen Basgut, Ali Abdullah Hawan, Ali Amer Al Shehri, Sultan Ahmad AlKahtani, Nehad J Ahmed, Abdikarim Abdi
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is FDA-approved for managing infections caused by resistant gram-negative bacilli, particularly infections via carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales pathogens. The clinical data are still limited, particularly those in Saudi Arabia. The present study is a retrospective cohort study that was carried out at the Armed Forces Hospital in the southern region of Saudi Arabia to compare the clinical and microbiological outcomes for CAZ-AVI-treated patients as monotherapy and as an add-on to standard therapy for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (CRKP) OXA-48 infections to those treated with standard drugs...
March 16, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517437/antibiotic-use-in-late-preterm-and-full-term-newborns
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johan Gyllensvärd, Marie Studahl, Lars Gustavsson, Elisabet Hentz, Karin Åkesson, Huiqi Li, Mikael Norman, Anders Elfvin
IMPORTANCE: Antibiotic treatment saves lives in newborns with early-onset sepsis (EOS), but unwarranted antibiotic use is associated with resistant bacteria and adverse outcomes later in life. Surveillance is needed to optimize treatment strategies. OBJECTIVE: To describe antibiotic use in association with the incidence and mortality from EOS among late-preterm and full-term newborns. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Sweden Neonatal Antibiotic Use study was a nationwide observational study that included all late-preterm and full-term neonates born from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020, in neonatal units of all levels...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495281/can-rifaximin-for-hepatic-encephalopathy-be-discontinued-during-broad-spectrum-antibiotic-treatment
#3
EDITORIAL
Chien-Hao Huang, Piero Amodio
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a formidable complication in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, often necessitating the administration of rifaximin (RFX) for effective management. RFX, is a gut-restricted, poorly-absorbable oral rifamycin derived antibiotic that can be used in addition to lactulose for the secondary prophylaxis of HE. It has shown notable reductions in infection, hospital readmission, duration of hospital stay, and mortality. However, limited data exist about the concurrent use of RFX with broad-spectrum antibiotics, because the patients are typically excluded from studies assessing RFX efficacy in HE...
February 27, 2024: World Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484749/accelerating-antibiotic-access-and-stewardship-a-new-model-to-safeguard-public-health
#4
REVIEW
Jennifer Cohn, Marc Mendelson, Souha S Kanj, Nusrat Shafiq, Icaro Boszczowski, Ramanan Laxminarayan
This Personal View discusses the challenges faced, especially by low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), in responding to the growing burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. Many patients in LMICs lack access to effective and affordable treatments needed to successfully treat patients. Meanwhile, traditional antimicrobial stewardship models face implementation challenges due to financial, health system, and human resource constraints. These constraints call for a paradigm shift from traditional high-income country-style antimicrobial stewardship, which is often resource intensive and aimed at cost containment, to a broader concept of sustainable access...
March 11, 2024: Lancet Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476737/short-term-versus-usual-term-antibiotic-treatment-for-uncomplicated-staphylococcus-aureus-bacteremia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#5
REVIEW
Santiago Grillo Perez, Candida Diaz-Brochero, Javier Ricardo Garzon Herazo, Oscar Mauricio Muñoz Velandia
INTRODUCTION: Uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Current guidelines recommend a minimum of 14 days of treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short versus usual antibiotic therapy in adults with uncomplicated S . aureus bacteremia (SAB). METHODS: We developed a search strategy to identify systematic review and meta-analysis of non-randomized studies (NRS), comparing short versus usual or long antibiotic regimens for uncomplicated SAB in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Register up to June 2023...
2024: Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464351/assessment-of-the-effectiveness-of-weight-adjusted-antibiotic-administration-for-reduced-duration-in-surgical-prophylaxis-of-primary-hip-and-knee-arthroplasty
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tosan Okoro, Michael Wan, Takura Darlington Mukabeta, Ella Malev, Marketa Gross, Claudia Williams, Muhammad Manjra, Jan Herman Kuiper, John Murnaghan
BACKGROUND: Prophylactic antibiotics have significantly led to a reduction in the risk of post-operative surgical site infections (SSI) in orthopaedic surgery. The aim of using antibiotics for this purpose is to achieve serum and tissue drug levels that exceed, for the duration of the operation, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the likely organisms that are encountered. Prophylactic antibiotics reduce the rate of SSIs in lower limb arthroplasty from between 4% and 8% to between 1% and 3%...
February 18, 2024: World Journal of Orthopedics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451294/shorter-versus-longer-course-of-antibiotic-therapy-for-urinary-tract-infections-in-pediatric-population-an-updated-meta-analysis
#7
REVIEW
Marcus Vinicius Barbosa Moreira, Lucas Rezende de Freitas, Luiza Mendes Fonseca, Matheus Jose Barbosa Moreira, Caroline Cristine Almeida Balieiro, Isabela Reis Marques, Paula Chaves Mari
Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect between 3% to 7.5% of the febrile pediatric population each year, being one of the most common bacterial infections in pediatrics. Nevertheless, there is no consensus in the medical literature regarding the duration of per oral (p.o.) antibiotic therapy for UTI among these patients. Therefore, our meta-analysis aims to assess the most effective therapy length in this scenario. PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing short (≤ 5 days) with long-course (≥ 7 days) per os (p...
March 7, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450236/study-protocol-for-a-zinc-intervention-in-the-elderly-for-prevention-of-pneumonia-a-randomized-placebo-controlled-double-blind-clinical-pilot-trial
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edwin F Ortega, Dayong Wu, Weimin Guo, Simin Nikbin Meydani, Alexander Panda
UNLABELLED: Pneumonia is a major public health problem for older adults, being one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death, particularly for elderly nursing home residents. We previously conducted a clinical trial in which we demonstrated that 29% of nursing home residents had low serum zinc levels coinciding with a two-fold increase in pneumonia incidence and duration in comparison to individuals with adequate serum zinc levels. However, causality could not be inferred and necessitates a double-blind clinical trial...
2024: Frontiers in Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449460/techniques-to-remove-press-fit-osseointegration-implants
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Germane Ong, Jason Shih Hoellwarth, Kevin Testworth, Munjed Al Muderis
BACKGROUND: Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees (TOFA) has proven to consistently, significantly improve the quality of life and mobility for the vast majority of amputees, as compared with the use of a socket prosthesis1,2 . As with any implant, situations such as infection, aseptic loosening, or implant fracture can occur, which may necessitate hardware removal. Although it may eventually occur, to date no osseointegration implant has ever required removal in the setting of periprosthetic fracture...
2024: JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447565/two-stage-treatment-protocol-of-fungal-periprosthetic-hip-and-knee-joint-infections-the-clinical-experience-from-a-single-center-experience
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Xu, W Sun, Y Wang, H Jiang, H Ding, Q Cheng, N Bao, J Meng
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the clinical results and safety of fungal periprosthetic joint Infections (fPJIs) using two-stage treatment protocol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 8 patients with fPJIs (3 hips and 5 knees) using two-stage revision were reviewed retrospectively and followed up at least 2 years. The preoperative demographic data, two-stage treatment protocol, results of microbiology and histologic workup and postoperative follow-up results (reimplantation success rate and infection free time) were recorded...
2024: Acta Chirurgiae Orthopaedicae et Traumatologiae Cechoslovaca
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438677/postoperative-outcomes-and-costs-of-laparoscopic-versus-robotic-distal-pancreatectomy-a-propensity-matched-analysis
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hester C Timmerhuis, Christopher W Jensen, Rejoice F Ngongoni, Michael Baiocchi, Jonathan C DeLong, Rika Ohkuma, Monica M Dua, Jeffrey A Norton, George A Poultsides, Patrick J Worth, Brendan C Visser
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) has established advantages over the open approach. The costs associated with robotic DP (RDP) versus laparoscopic DP (LDP) make the robotic approach controversial. We sought to compare outcomes and cost of LDP and RDP using propensity matching analysis at our institution. METHODS: Patients undergoing LDP or RDP between 2000 and 2021 were retrospectively identified. Patients were optimally matched using age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, body mass index, and tumor size...
March 4, 2024: Surgical Endoscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425312/effects-of-high-antibiotic-concentrations-applied-to-continuous-local-antibiotic-perfusion-on-human-bone-tissue-derived-cells
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuya Yamamoto, Tomoaki Fukui, Kenichi Sawauchi, Ryo Yoshikawa, Kyohei Takase, Yohei Kumabe, Akihiro Maruo, Takahiro Niikura, Ryosuke Kuroda, Keisuke Oe
AIMS: Continuous local antibiotic perfusion (CLAP) has recently attracted attention as a new drug delivery system for orthopaedic infections. CLAP is a direct continuous infusion of high-concentration gentamicin (1,200 μg/ml) into the bone marrow. As it is a new system, its influence on the bone marrow is unknown. This study aimed to examine the effects of high-concentration antibiotics on human bone tissue-derived cells. METHODS: Cells were isolated from the bone tissue grafts collected from six patients using the Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator system, and exposed to different gentamicin concentrations...
March 1, 2024: Bone & Joint Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413858/antibiotic-dosing-recommendations-in-critically-ill-patients-receiving-new-innovative-kidney-replacement-therapy
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan J Lewis, Bruce A Mueller
BACKGROUND: The Tablo Hemodialysis System is a new innovative kidney replacement therapy (KRT) providing a range of options for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. The use of various effluent rate and treatment durations/frequencies may clear antibiotics differently than traditional KRT. This Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) study was to develop antibiotic doses likely to attain therapeutic targets for various KRT combinations. METHODS: Published body weights and pharmacokinetic parameter estimates were used to predict drug exposure for cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam in virtual critically ill patients receiving five KRT regimens...
February 27, 2024: BMC Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411248/macrolide-antibiotics-including-azithromycin-for-cystic-fibrosis
#14
REVIEW
Kevin W Southern, Arturo Solis-Moya, Dominiki Kurz, Sherie Smith
BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting genetic condition, affecting over 90,000 people worldwide. CF affects several organs in the body, but airway damage has the most profound impact on quality of life (QoL) and survival. Causes of lower airway infection in people with CF are, most notably, Staphylococcus aureus in the early course of the disease and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a later stage. Macrolide antibiotics, e.g. azithromycin and clarithromycin, are usually taken orally, have a broad spectrum of action against gram-positive (e...
February 27, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407831/antibiotics-for-patients-with-a-planned-re-laparotomy-for-intra-abdominal-infection
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren J Hochstetler, William J Olney, Jacqueline M Bishop, Zachary D Warriner, Jeremy D VanHoose, Ryan P Mynatt, Dina Ali, Aric Schadler, Sara E Parli
Background: Appropriate antimicrobial therapy for the management of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) continues to evolve based on available literature. The Study to Optimize Peritoneal Infection Therapy (STOP-IT) trial provided evidence to support four days of antibiotic agents in IAI post-source control but excluded patients with a planned re-laparotomy. This study aimed to determine the short- and long-term recurrent infection risk in this population. Patients and Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study of adult patients admitted to a quaternary medical center between January 1, 2016, and August 1, 2022, with IAI requiring planned laparotomy...
February 26, 2024: Surgical Infections
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395815/evaluation-of-the-effect-of-therapeutic-durations-on-small-ruminant-bacterial-pneumonia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sisay Girma, Tesfaye Bekele, Samson Leta, Desiye Tesfaye Tegegne, Tilaye Demissie, Birhanu Hadush, Kassaye Aragaw, Takele Beyene Tufa, Teshale Sori Tolera, Ketema Tafess
BACKGROUND: Sheep and goat production in Ethiopia is hindered by numerous substandard production systems and various diseases. Respiratory disease complexes (RDC) pose a significant threat to the productivity of these animals. Pneumonia is a common manifestation of respiratory disease complexes and often necessitates a prolonged course of antibiotic treatment. This study aimed to optimize and propose the ideal duration of therapy for pneumonia in sheep and goats. METHODS: The study was conducted from February to June 2021 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University...
February 24, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389071/trends-and-predictors-of-antimicrobial-resistance-among-patients-with-urinary-tract-infections-at-a-tertiary-hospital-facility-in-alexandria-egypt-a-retrospective-record-based-classification-and-regression-tree-analysis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marian Shaker, Adel Zaki, Sara Lofty Asser, Iman El Sayed
BACKGROUND: The incidence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in uropathogens varies between countries and over time. We aim to study the patterns and potential predictors of AMR among patients with UTIs admitted to the Urology Department at Alexandria University Hospital. METHODS: An observational retrospective record-based study was conducted on all patients admitted to the Urology department from October 2018 to October 2020. Data collected from patients' records included: demographic data, diagnosis on admission, history of chronic diseases, duration of hospital stay, insertion of a urinary catheter, duration of the catheter in days, history of the use of antibiotics in the previous three months, and history of urinary tract operations...
February 22, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385191/potassium-competitive-acid-blockers-rethinking-acid-suppression-for-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-and-helicobacter-pylori
#18
REVIEW
Carol M Antequera, Kimberly Orleck, Rinu Jacob, Amy Kenneally, Wendy L Wright
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Helicobacter pylori infection are different disease states that are united by the core role of acid suppression in their management. In GERD, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have long been standard therapy based on abundant positive clinical trial data supporting their efficacy and safety. In H. pylori , PPIs are also a critical element of therapy in combination with 1 or more antibiotics to achieve and maintain a pH that maximizes the efficacy of therapy. Despite the considerable clinical success and widespread use of PPIs, room remains for agents with differentiated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles...
February 22, 2024: Postgraduate Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38370295/oral-%C3%AE-lactams-fluoroquinolones-or-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-for-definitive-treatment-of-uncomplicated-escherichia-coli-or-klebsiella-species-bacteremia-from-a-urinary-tract-source
#19
Sameer Alzaidi, John J Veillette, Stephanie S May, Jared Olson, Katarina Jackson, C Dustin Waters, Allison M Butler, Mary A Hutton, Whitney R Buckel, Brandon J Webb
BACKGROUND: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are effective for oral step-down therapy for gram-negative bloodstream infections but are associated with unfavorable toxic effects. Robust data are lacking for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and high-bioavailability β-lactams (HBBLs). METHODS: In this multicenter observational cohort study, we simulated a 3-arm registry trial using causal inference methods to compare the effectiveness of FQs, TMP-SMX, or HBBLs for gram-negative bloodstream infections oral step-down therapy...
February 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357668/nano-clay-montmorillonite-removes-tetracycline-in-water-factors-and-adsorption-mechanism-in-aquatic-environments
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Shi, Xin Wang, Changping Feng, Shipeng Yang
In response to escalating environmental concerns surrounding antibiotic pollution, the utilization of calcium-montmorillonite minerals for tetracycline wastewater treatment is gaining prominence. This study systematically analyzed the physicochemical properties of calcium-montmorillonite through scanning electron microscope, contact angle analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It explored the adsorption efficacy and mechanisms for tetracycline removal, considering factors like initial pH, adsorption duration, concentration, and co-cations (Na+ and Ca2+ )...
February 16, 2024: IScience
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