keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535149/multi-modal-convolutional-parameterisation-network-for-guided-image-inverse-problems
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikolaj Czerkawski, Priti Upadhyay, Christopher Davison, Robert Atkinson, Craig Michie, Ivan Andonovic, Malcolm Macdonald, Javier Cardona, Christos Tachtatzis
There are several image inverse tasks, such as inpainting or super-resolution, which can be solved using deep internal learning, a paradigm that involves employing deep neural networks to find a solution by learning from the sample itself rather than a dataset. For example, Deep Image Prior is a technique based on fitting a convolutional neural network to output the known parts of the image (such as non-inpainted regions or a low-resolution version of the image). However, this approach is not well adjusted for samples composed of multiple modalities...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533853/accommodative-response-and-visual-fatigue-following-a-non-congruent-visual-task-in-non-asthenopic-and-asthenopic-individuals
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rémi Coq, Pascaline Neveu, Justin Plantier, Richard Legras
PURPOSE: Asthenopia is related to near vision activities or visual tasks that dissociate accommodation from vergence. Since the results of previous studies using objective measures to diagnose asthenopia are inconsistent, this study compared optometric tests and objective metrics of accommodation in non-asthenopic and asthenopic young adults before and after a visual fatigue task. METHODS: The accommodative response was recorded objectively for 6 min at a 3...
March 27, 2024: Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics: the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528903/medical-students-perceptions-on-preparedness-and-care-delivery-for-patients-with-autism-or-intellectual-disability
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Bitektine, M A Hintermayer, A Chen, A Ko, C Rodriguez
INTRODUCTION: To provide competent care to patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual developmental disorder (IDD), healthcare professionals must recognize the needs of neurodivergent populations and adapt their clinical approach. We assessed the perceived preparedness of medical students to adapt care delivery for patients with ASD/IDD, as well as their perceptions on neurodiversity education. METHODS: We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed-methods study on undergraduate medical students at McGill University during the academic year 2020-2021...
February 2024: Canadian Medical Education Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527737/dietary-methionine-enhances-portal-appearance-of-guanidinoacetate-and-synthesis-of-creatine-in-yucatan-miniature-piglets
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahesha U Asiriwardhana, O Chandani Dinesh, Janet A Brunton, Robert F Bertolo
BACKGROUND: Creatine plays a significant role in energy metabolism and positively impacts anaerobic energy capacity, muscle mass, and physical performance. Endogenous creatine synthesis requires guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and methionine. GAA can be an alternative to creatine supplements and has been tested as a beneficial feed additive in the animal industry. When pigs are fed GAA with excess methionine, creatine is synthesized without feedback regulation. In contrast, when dietary methionine is limiting, creatine synthesis is limited, yet GAA does not accumulate in plasma, urine, or liver...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527187/secondary-sites-of-the-c-type-lectin-like-fold
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Lefebre, Torben Falk, Yunzhan Ning, Christoph Rademacher
C-type lectins are a large superfamily of proteins involved in a multitude of biological processes. In particular, their involvement in immunity and homeostasis has rendered them attractive targets for diverse therapeutic interventions. They share a characteristic C-type lectin-like domain whose adaptability enables them to bind a broad spectrum of ligands beyond the originally defined canonical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate binding. Together with variable domain architecture and high-level conformational plasticity, this enables C-type lectins to meet diverse functional demands...
March 25, 2024: Chemistry: a European Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527093/prefrontal-amygdala-pathways-for-object-and-social-value-representation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maia S Pujara, Elisabeth A Murray
This special focus article was prepared to honor the memory of our National Institutes of Health colleague, friend, and mentor Leslie G. Ungerleider, who passed away in December 2020, and is based on a presentation given at a symposium held in her honor at the National Institutes of Health in September 2022. In this article, we describe an extension of Leslie Ungerleider's influential work on the object analyzer pathway in which the inferior temporal visual cortex interacts with the amygdala, and then discuss a broader role for the amygdala in stimulus-outcome associative learning in humans and nonhuman primates...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525932/insights-into-the-selective-mechanism-of-pde2-9a-inhibitors-from-silico-aspects
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengfei Song, Shizhun Wang, Ruiheng Han, Hanxun Wang, Baichun Hu, Jiasi Luan, Haoyu Zhang, Zhijian Wang, Chao Ma, Jian Wang
The selective design of competitive enzyme inhibitors is an extremely difficult task but necessary work for certain types of systems, such as the phosphodiesterase (PDE) system addressed in this article. In the PDE family, PDE2A and PDE9 respectively target the central nervous system and heart failure, and share many conserved amino acids at their binding sites. Therefore, gaining a deep understanding of the selective mechanisms of PDE2A/9A is crucial for designing highly selective drugs. In this study, various computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations (MD), and binding free energy calculations, are employed to explore the selective mechanisms of PDE2A/9A...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524748/survival-outcomes-correlate-with-the-level-of-cell-free-circulating-dna-in-st-elevation-myocardial-infarction
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ai-Ai Chu, Han-Xiang Gao, Ting-Ting Wu, Zheng Zhang
BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to higher cellular damage, making cell-free DNA (cfDNA) a potential biomarker for assessing disease severity. The aim of this study is to evaluate survival predictions using cfDNA measurements and assess its correlation with MI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A direct fluorescence assay was employed to measure cfDNA content in the blood samples of participants. The inclusion criteria included patients who gave informed consent, suffering from ST-elevation myocardial infraction (STEMI) based on established diagnostic criteria (joint ESC/ACC guidelines), between the age of 18 and 80 years old, and had elevated troponin biomarker levels...
2024: Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: the Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523568/ferromagnetically-coupled-chromium-iii-dimer-shows-luminescence-and-sensitizes-photon-upconversion
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Trippmacher, Serhiy Demeshko, Alessandro Prescimone, Franc Meyer, Oliver S Wenger, Cui Wang
There has been much progress on mononuclear chromium(III) complexes featuring luminescence and photoredox activity, but dinuclear chromium(III) complexes have remained underexplored in these contexts until now. We identified a tridentate chelate ligand able to accommodate both meridional and facial coordination of chromium(III), to either access a mono- or a dinuclear chromium(III) complex depending on reaction conditions. This chelate ligand causes tetragonally distorted primary coordination spheres around chromium(III) in both complexes, entailing comparatively short excited-state lifetimes in the range of 400 to 800 ns in solution at room temperature and making photoluminescence essentially oxygen insensitive...
March 25, 2024: Chemistry: a European Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523302/superior-adsorptive-removal-of-anionic-azo-dyes-from-aqueous-solutions-using-sulfonic-acid-group-modified-mil-101-graphene-oxide-composite
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji-Min Yang, Bo-Wen Liu, Wei Zhang
It is critical to remove organic contaminants from wastewater released by the printing and dyeing industry for addressing water pollution issue. Therefore, the fabrication of new adsorbents with excellent removal efficiencies is an urgent task. A composite of MIL-101 partially functionalized with -SO3 H (MIL-101-SO3 H) and graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by assembling MIL-101-SO3 H truncated octahedrons on the GO framework. The synthesized MIL-101-SO3 H@GO has a superior adsorption efficiency for anionic azo dyes...
March 24, 2024: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523297/assessing-impaired-gastric-accommodation-in-children-with-functional-constipation-using-the-water-load-test
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mauro Batista de Morais, Sabine N Boilesen, Francine C Dias, Soraia Tahan, Lígia C F L Melli
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate gastric accommodation in pediatric patients with functional constipation using the water load test. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional case-control study. Herein, the water load test results of children aged >4 years with functional constipation referred to a Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic (functional constipation group) were compared with those of a control group (without functional constipation or chronic abdominal pain) recruited from two public schools...
March 24, 2024: Neurogastroenterology and Motility: the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522303/adenoid-cystic-carcinoma-of-the-retromolar-pad-region-a-case-report
#32
Zixian Xu, Canbang Peng, Yuhao Zhang, Lizhong Chen, Jiemei Zhai
INTRODUCTION: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignancies, mostly occurs in the major and minor salivary glands in the oral and maxillofacial region. The development of ACC in the retromolar pad is extremely rare, which limits establishing proper diagnosis and management. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A patient described a 2-month history of finding a mass behind the lower left posterior teeth. Based on the physical examination and radiographic findings, we got an initial impression of a benign mucocele, the nature of which was to be investigated further...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521040/four-birds-with-one-stone-aggregation-induced-emission-type-zeolitic-imidazolate-framework-8-based-bionic-nanoreactor-for-portable-detection-of-olaquindox-in-environmental-water-and-swine-urine-by-smartphone
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuai Zhang, Jincheng Xiong, Sihan Wang, Zhaoyang Li, Linqian Qin, Boyan Sun, Zile Wang, Xingxing Liu, Yongjun Zheng, Haiyang Jiang
The abuse of olaquindox (OLA) as both an antimicrobial agent and a growth promoter poses significant threats to the environment and human health. While nanoreactors have proven effective in hazard detection, their widespread adoption has been hindered by tedious chemical processes and limited functionality. In this study, we introduce a novel green self-assembly strategy utilizing invertase, horseradish peroxidase, antibodies, and gold nanoclusters to form an aggregation-induced emission-type zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoreactor...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Hazardous Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520665/porous-versus-solid-shoulder-implants-in-humeri-of-different-bone-densities-a-finite-element-analysis
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sydney Hitchon, Pendar Soltanmohammadi, Jaques S Milner, David Holdsworth, Ryan Willing
Porous metallic prosthesis components can now be manufactured using additive manufacturing techniques, and may prove beneficial for promoting bony ingrowth, for accommodating drug delivery systems, and for reducing stress shielding. Using finite element modeling techniques, 36 scenarios (three porous stems, three bone densities, and four held arm positions) were analysed to assess the viability of porous humeral stems for use in total shoulder arthroplasty, and their resulting mechanobiological impact on the surrounding humerus bone...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Orthopaedic Research: Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520328/discovery-of-covalent-lead-compounds-targeting-3cl-protease-with-a-lateral-interactions-spiking-neural-network
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhihao Gu, Yong Yan, Hanwen Liu, Di Wu, Hequan Yao, Kejiang Lin, Xuanyi Li
Covalent drugs exhibit advantages in that noncovalent drugs cannot match, and covalent docking is an important method for screening covalent lead compounds. However, it is difficult for covalent docking to screen covalent compounds on a large scale because covalent docking requires determination of the covalent reaction type of the compound. Here, we propose to use deep learning of a lateral interactions spiking neural network to construct a covalent lead compound screening model to quickly screen covalent lead compounds...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520280/the-strength-of-frontline-practice-leadership-in-australian-supported-accommodation-services-challenges-confronting-service-providers
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine Bigby, Lincoln Humphreys
BACKGROUND: The strength of practice leadership predicts the quality of Active Support but it can be compromised by other demands on frontline managers. The study aimed to identify and understand differences in practice leadership over time and between organisations. METHOD: Data collected in 2022 in 96 services from 11 organisations using the Observed Measure of Practice Leadership were compared to similar data from 2013 and 2018. Qualitative fieldnotes were analysed thematically...
May 2024: Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities: JARID
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520146/implementation-of-nutritional-care-in-hospitals-a-qualitative-study-of-barriers-and-facilitators-using-implementation-theory
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lærke Prietzel Nielsen, Krista Horsholt Thomsen, Camilla Alleslev, Sabina Mikkelsen, Mette Holst
BACKGROUND: Disease-related malnutrition is prevalent among hospitalised patients, but not all patients achieve the needed nutritional care. At a Danish University Hospital, focus has been on implementing nutritional practices based on clinical guidelines, but there is continuously variation between the wards regarding the quality of nutritional care. AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the potential barriers and facilitators for implementation of the clinical guidelines for nutritional practices and to recommend suggestions for development of nutritional practices, using a theoretical implementation strategy...
March 23, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519951/partial-facial-duplication-diprosopus-a%C3%A2-case-report-and-review-of-the%C3%A2-literature
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fathia Omer Salah, Yohannes Girma Zewdie, Semienew Ambachew, Amal Saleh Nour, Tewodros Endale
BACKGROUND: Diprosopus, or craniofacial duplication, is a rare entity that occurs in approximately 1 in 180,000 to 15 million live births. The degree of duplication varies from complete facial duplication to small facial structure duplication like the nose and eye. The cause of diprosopus is unknown though there are proposed factors. CASE PRESENTATION: Our African patient was a term 72 hours old female neonate who was referred to our center with impression of lower facial duplication with two oral cavity that are located side to side separated by large soft tissue, she also had flat nasal bridge with widely separated nostrils and widely spaced eyes...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519778/exploring-the-role-of-sickness-absence-coordinators-in-implementing-interventions-to-reduce-sickness-absence-in-public-sector-workplaces-in-denmark
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lene Rasmussen, Maj Britt Dahl Nielsen, Anne Helene Garde, Jesper Kristiansen
PURPOSE: In 2019, an initiative to reduce sickness absence in public sector workplaces in Denmark was introduced. The initiative involved appointing a sickness absence coordinator (SA coordinator) to oversee the implementation of workplace-based sickness absence interventions. Since the role of the SA coordinator is a novel concept introduced as part of the initiative, this study investigates the responsibilities of SA coordinators and the challenges they experienced in fulfilling this role during the implementation process...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518708/effects-of-impulse-on-prescribed-time-synchronization-of-switching-complex-networks
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Tang, Shaocheng Qu, Chen Zhang, Zhengwen Tu, Yuting Cao
The specified convergence time, designated by the user, is highly attractive for many high-demand applications such as industrial robot control, missile guidance, and autonomous vehicles. For the application of neural networks in the field of secure communication and power systems, the importance of prescribed-time synchronization(PTs) and stable performance of the system is more prominent. This paper introduces a prescribed-time controller without the fractional power function and sign function, which can reach synchronization at a prescribed time and greatly reduce the chattering phenomenon of neural networks...
March 18, 2024: Neural Networks: the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
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