Tridimensional

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) encompass a range of conditions affecting muscles, tendons, and nerves. Visual diagrams are widely used to identify symptoms and to generate musculoskeletal discomfort metrics. However, there is no consensus on the number of discomfort dimensions that can originate from self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms by individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test the fit of WMSD symptom models from workers in two samples of different sizes...

BACKGROUND: Andersen-Tawil syndrome type 1 is a rare heritable disease caused by mutations in the gene coding the strong inwardly rectifying K+ channel Kir2.1. The extracellular Cys (cysteine)122 -to-Cys154 disulfide bond in the channel structure is crucial for proper folding but has not been associated with correct channel function at the membrane. We evaluated whether a human mutation at the Cys122 -to-Cys154 disulfide bridge leads to Kir2.1 channel dysfunction and arrhythmias by reorganizing the overall Kir2...

BACKGROUND: Developmental Coxa Vara (DCV) consists on a pathological reduction in head-shaft angle (HSA) and increased femoral retroversion. Several case series reported outcomes on proximal femoral valgus osteotomy (PFVO), but no evidence synthesis had been conducted. This systematic review aimed to (1) analyze success rate and complications, (2) report the degree of correction according to the HSA and the Hilgenreiner Epiphyseal Angle (HEA), compare success rate and degree of correction of subtrochanteric (SVO) vs intertrochanteric (IVO) osteotomy, and (4) difference in success rate and correction between patients in which an internal (IF) or external fixation (EF) technique was used...

Gout, a painful condition marked by elevated uric acid levels often linked to the diet's high purine and alcohol content, finds a potential treatment target in xanthine oxidase (XO), a crucial enzyme for uric acid production. This study explores the therapeutic properties of alkaloids extracted from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) receptacles against gout. By leveraging computational chemistry and introducing a novel R-based clustering algorithm, "TriDimensional Hierarchical Fingerprint Clustering with Tanimoto Representative Selection (3DHFC-TRS)," we assessed 231 alkaloid molecules from sunflower receptacles...

Parenchyma of pulmonary cancers acquires contractile properties that resemble those of muscles but presents some particularities. These non-muscle contractile tissues could be stimulated either electrically or chemically (KCl). They present the Frank-Starling mechanism, the Hill hyperbolic tension-velocity relationship, and the tridimensional time-independent tension-velocity-length relationship. Relaxation could be obtained by the inhibition of crossbridge molecular motors or by a decrease in the intracellular calcium concentration...

Timely delivery of first aid supplies is significant to saving lives when an accident happens. Among the promising solutions provided for such scenarios, the application of unmanned vehicles has attracted ever more attention. However, such scenarios are often very complex, while the existing studies have not fully addressed the trajectory optimization problem of multiple unmanned ground vehicles (multi-UGVs) against the scenario. This study focuses on multi-UGVs trajectory optimization in the sight of first aid supply delivery tasks in mass accidents...

BACKGROUND: Tridimensional medical knowledge of human anatomy is a key step in the undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, especially in surgical fields. Training simulation before real surgical procedures is necessary to develop clinical competences and to minimize surgical complications. METHODS: Latex injection of vascular system in brain and in head-neck segment is made after washing out of the vascular system and fixation of the specimen before and after latex injection...

BACKGROUND: In the squat movement, the use of constant resistance (CR) generates greater compression and shear forces close to 90° of knee flexion, increasing joint overload. However, when used variable resistance (VR) there is no consensus about the effect of knee joint load. The aim of this study was to compare knee torques using constant or variable resistance during the squat exercise. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy male subjects (mean age, 24 [SD, 3] years; height, 1...

MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), an entactogen with empathogenic and prosocial effects, is widely used in music festivals and other festive settings. High MDMA doses have been associated with drug-induced liver injury and cases of hyperthermia. Although the latter condition is thought to increase MDMA hepatotoxicity, this correlation remains poorly explored for recreational MDMA doses. On the other hand, the fact that MDMA acts to extinguish fear and to reconsolidate memory could be explored as an adjunct to psychotherapy during treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder...

Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of enzymes that includes different fatty acid oxygenases with a common tridimensional structure. The main functions of LOXs are the production of signaling compounds and the structural modifications of biological membranes. These features of LOXs, their widespread presence in all living organisms, and their involvement in human diseases have attracted the attention of the scientific community over the last decades, leading to several studies mainly focused on understanding their catalytic mechanism and designing effective inhibitors...

Capsaicinoids are responsible for the pungency in Capsicum species. These are synthesized by the Capsaicin synthase (CS) encoded by the AT3 gene, which catalyzes the transference of an acyl moiety from a branched-chain fatty acid-CoA ester to the vanillylamine to produce capsaicinoids. Some AT3 gene copies have been identified on the Capsicum genome. The absence of capsaicinoid in some nonpungent accessions is related to mutant AT3 alleles. The differences between CS protein copies can affect the tridimensional structure of the protein and the affinity for its substrates, and this could affect fruit pungency...

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) poses a significant challenge considering the absence of a "gold standard" treatment. Cell-based therapy and tissue engineering offer promising therapeutic alternatives. This study aimed to harness the regenerative properties of adipose-tissue stromal vascular fraction (AT-SVF) and leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) for MRONJ treatment. AT-SVF contains mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which promote bone formation, while the L-PRF scaffold can serve as a three-dimensional scaffold for the AT-SVF and support tissue healing through growth factor release...

Hepatotoxicity-related issues are poorly predicted during preclinical trials, as their relevance is limited by the inadequacy to screen all the non-physiological subclasses of the population. These pitfalls could be solved by implementing complex in vitro models of hepatic physiology and pathologies in the preclinical phase. To produce these platforms, we focused on extrusion-based bioprinting, since it allows to manufacture tridimensional cell-laden constructs with controlled geometries, in a high-throughput manner...

BACKGROUND: Happiness is often conceptualized as subjective well-being, which comprises people's evaluations of emotional experiences (i.e., the affective dimension: positive and negative feelings and emotions) and judgements of a self-imposed ideal (i.e., the cognitive dimension: life satisfaction). Recent research has established these two dimensions as primary parts of a higher order factor. However, theoretical, conceptual, and empirical work suggest that people's evaluations of harmony in their life (i...

INTRODUCTION: Synaptic loss is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that correlates with cognitive decline in AD patients. Complement-mediated synaptic pruning has been associated with this excessive loss of synapses in AD. Here, we investigated the effect of C5aR1 inhibition on microglial and astroglial synaptic pruning in two mouse models of AD. METHODS: A combination of super-resolution and confocal and tridimensional image reconstruction was used to assess the effect of genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of C5aR1 on the Arctic48 and Tg2576 models of AD...

OBJECTIVE: Clinical assessment of progression of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) is currently based on subjective methods. We hypothesize that 3D digital intraoral scanners (IOS) can provide quantitative outcomes for objective measuring and monitoring of NCCLs. This in vitro study verified the reliability of IOS to monitor dental structure loss of simulated NCCLs, in comparison to a reference bench-top 3D optical profilometer (BTS). METHODS: NCCLs of different severity levels (early, moderate, or severe, n=150) were simulated in a preceding study...

The capacity to conduct psychology research online has expanded more quickly than have ethics guidelines for digital research. We argue that researchers must proactively plan ways to engage ethically in online psychological research with vulnerable groups, including marginalized and immigrant youth and families. To that end, this article describes the ethical use of internet and cell phone technologies in psychological research with Black immigrant and refugee youth and families, which demands efforts to both deepen and extend the Belmont principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice...

The semicircular canals of the inner ear are involved in balance and velocity control. Being crucial to ensure efficient mobility, their morphology exhibits an evolutionary conservatism attributed to stabilizing selection. Release of selection in slow-moving animals has been argued to lead to morphological divergence and increased inter-individual variation. In its natural habitat, the house mouse Mus musculus moves in a tridimensional space where efficient balance is required. In contrast, laboratory mice in standard cages are severely restricted in their ability to move, which possibly reduces selection on the inner ear morphology...

Many studies highlighted that rivers transported land-based plastics to the sea. However, most of the litter remains stuck in the fluvial ecosystem, also blocked by vegetation. To date, research on riverine macrolitter focused on floating and riverbank monitoring, thus methods to sample riverbank and floating litter have been developed. Concerning rivers, few recent studies highlighted the role of riparian vegetation in entrapping plastics. Given that vegetation represents a large part of riverine ecosystems and that the dynamics of plastics entrapped by vegetation are neglected, it appears pivotal to study in more detail how vegetation contributes to plastic retention...

BACKGROUND: Tauopathies are a subset of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal tau inclusions. Recently, we have discovered a new, human specific, tau isoform termed W-tau that originates by intron 12 retention. Our preliminary data suggests this newly discovered W-tau isoform might prevent aberrant aggregation of other tau isoforms but is significantly downregulated in tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE: To accurately predict, examine, and understand tau protein structure and the conformational basis for the neuroprotective role of W-tau...