keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547316/chronic-viral-infection-impairs-immune-memory-to-a-different-pathogen
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng Yang, Zhicui Liu, Ying Yang, Luis J Cocka, Yongguo Li, Weihong Zeng, Hao Shen
Chronic viral infections cause T cell dysfunction in both animal models and human clinical settings, thereby affecting the ability of the host immune system to clear viral pathogens and develop proper virus-specific immune memory. However, the impact of chronic viral infections on the host's immune memory to other pathogens has not been well described. In this study, we immunized mice with recombinant Listeria monocytogenes expressing OVA (Lm-OVA) to generate immunity to Lm and allow analysis of OVA-specific memory T (Tm) cells...
March 28, 2024: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547071/a-natural-bacterial-pathogen-of-c-elegans-uses-a-small-rna-to-induce-transgenerational-inheritance-of-learned-avoidance
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Titas Sengupta, Jonathan St Ange, Rachel Kaletsky, Rebecca S Moore, Renee J Seto, Jacob Marogi, Cameron Myhrvold, Zemer Gitai, Coleen T Murphy
C. elegans can learn to avoid pathogenic bacteria through several mechanisms, including bacterial small RNA-induced learned avoidance behavior, which can be inherited transgenerationally. Previously, we discovered that a small RNA from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PA14, induces learned avoidance and transgenerational inheritance of that avoidance in C. elegans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important human pathogen, and there are other Pseudomonads in C. elegans' natural habitat, but it is unclear whether C...
March 2024: PLoS Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546819/pe-ynet-a-novel-attention-based-multi-task-model-for-pulmonary-embolism-detection-using-ct-pulmonary-angiography-ctpa-scan-images
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G R Hemalakshmi, M Murugappan, Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar, D Santhi, N B Prakash, A Mohanarathinam
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) has diverse manifestations with different etiologies such as venous thromboembolism, septic embolism, and paradoxical embolism. In this study, a novel attention-based multi-task model is proposed for PE segmentation and detection from Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) images. A Y-Net architecture is used to implement this model, which facilitates segmentation and classification jointly, improving performance and efficiency. It is leveraged with Multi Head Attention (MHA), which allows the model to focus on important regions of the image while suppressing irrelevant information, improving the accuracy of the segmentation and detection tasks...
March 28, 2024: Physical and engineering sciences in medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545769/corydalis-ternata-nakai-alleviates-cognitive-decline-in-alzheimer-s-disease-by-reducing-%C3%AE-amyloid-and-neuroinflammation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bomi Lee, Myeong-Sang Yu, Jae Gwang Song, Hyang-Mi Lee, Hyung Wook Kim, Dokyun Na
Recently, natural herbs have gained increasing attention owing to their comparatively low toxicity levels and the abundance of historical medical documentation regarding their use. Nevertheless, owing to a lack of knowledge regarding these herbs and their compounds, attempts to find those that could be beneficial for treating diseases have often been ad hoc; thus, there is now a growing demand for an in silico method to identify beneficial herbs. In this study, we present a computational approach for identifying natural herbs specifically effective in treating cognitive decline in AD sufferers, which analyzes the similarities between herbal compounds and known drugs targeting AD-related proteins...
March 28, 2024: Rejuvenation Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545377/husbandry-and-methodology-for-assessing-learning-and-memory-in-the-juvenile-life-stage-of-octopus
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shaquilla Hamlett
The purpose of this project was to use modified methodology and new approaches to determine whether the California two-spotted octopus ( Octopus bimaculoides ) shows evidence of higher cognitive function as juveniles. This species' cognitive ability was assessed in ∼4 month old octopus using a food preference test and a learning test (ability to recognize a habitat created from 3D printed rocks and navigate to its hidden food source). Methods for determining associative learning for this species were developed...
June 2024: MethodsX
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545117/-acanthopanax-senticosus-improves-cognitive-impairment-in-alzheimer-s-disease-by-promoting-the-phosphorylation-of-the-mapk-signaling-pathway
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhichun Zhang, Yonghui Wu, Dan Shi, Chanyu Jiang, Hengyan Cao, Fengyi Jiang, Xiaomin Bao, Yan Shen, Xiao Shi
BACKGROUND: Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) can improve sleep, enhance memory, and reduce fatigue and is considered as an effective drug for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The therapeutic effect and mechanism need to be further investigated. METHODS: To confirm the AS play efficacy in alleviating memory impairment in mice, 5×FAD transgenic mice were subjected to an open-field experiment and a novelty recognition experiment. Network pharmacology technique was used to analyze the information of key compounds and potential key targets of AS for the treatment of AD, molecular docking technique was applied to predict the binding ability of targets and compounds, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were also performed on the targets to derive the possible metabolic processes and pathway mechanisms of AS in treating AD...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544990/association-of-sleep-patterns-and-water-intake-with-cognitive-functions-in-adults-in-an-urban-environment
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shazia Qayyum, Samina Iltaf, Madiha Sajjad, Mashaal Azam
OBJECTIVES: To explore the behavior patterns of students and working adults regarding the duration and quality of sleep and water intake in an urban environment and to identify the relationship between nighttime sleep extent and water intake with mood and cognitive performance. METHODS: This was a descriptive correlational study conducted at Islamic International Medical College, Riphah University at the Pathology department from March to June 2022. A total of 160 participants with age range of 20 to 50 years completed a self-report questionnaire regarding sleep patterns, water intake, and perceptions of mood, concentration, and memory...
2024: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544796/remote-digital-cognitive-assessment-reveals-cognitive-deficits-related-to-hippocampal-atrophy-in-autoimmune-limbic-encephalitis-a-cross-sectional-validation-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kengo Shibata, Bahaaeddin Attaallah, Xin-You Tai, William Trender, Peter J Hellyer, Adam Hampshire, Sarosh R Irani, Sanjay G Manohar, Masud Husain
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) is a neurological disease characterised by inflammation of the limbic regions of the brain, mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies. Because cognitive deficits persist following acute treatment of ALE, the accurate assessment of long-term cognitive outcomes is important for clinical assessments and trials. However, evaluating cognition is costly and an unmet need exists for validated digital methods. METHODS: In this cross-sectional validation study, we investigated whether a remote digital platform could identify previously characterised cognitive impairments in patients with chronic ALE and whether digital metrics would correlate with standard neuropsychological assessment and hippocampal volume...
March 2024: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544577/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2-sars-cov-2-vaccine-response-in-adults-with-predominantly-antibody-deficiency
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna M Zhang, Ahmed Elmoursi, Daniel V DiGiacomo, Baijun Zhou, Megha Tandon, Joseph S Hong, Nancy J Yang, Mei-Sing Ong, Anand S Dighe, Cristhian Berrios, Mark C Poznansky, Anthony J Iafrate, Vivek Naranbhai, Alejandro Balazs, Shiv Pillai, Jocelyn R Farmer, Sara Barmettler
BACKGROUND: Patients with predominantly antibody deficiency (PAD) have lower anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antibody levels after initial 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination than healthy controls do; however, the anti-spike antibody responses and neutralization function in patients with PAD following subsequent immunizations remain understudied. OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize anti-spike antibody responses in adults with PAD over the course of 5 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses and identify diagnostic and immunophenotypic risk factors for low antibody response...
May 2024: J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541988/pseudodementia-in-patients-with-unipolar-and-bipolar-disorders-a-case-series-and-literature-review
#10
REVIEW
Camilla Elefante, Giulio Emilio Brancati, Donatella Acierno, Gabriele Pistolesi, Sara Ricciardulli, Francesco Weiss, Francesca Romeo, Lorenzo Lattanzi, Icro Maremmani, Giulio Perugi
Even though pseudodementia has been historically linked to depression, other psychiatric conditions may cause reversible cognitive alterations. The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of pseudodementia occurring throughout the entire bipolar spectrum. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to March 2023. Fifteen articles on patients with pseudodementia and bipolar disorder (BD), mania, hypomania, or mixed depression have been included...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541916/insomnia-in-forensic-detainees-is-salience-network-the-common-pathway-for-sleep-neuropsychiatric-and-neurodegenerative-disorders
#11
REVIEW
Adonis Sfera, Kyle A Thomas, Isaac A Ogunjale, Nyla Jafri, Peter G Bota
Forensic hospitals throughout the country house individuals with severe mental illness and history of criminal violations. Insomnia affects 67.4% of hospitalized patients with chronic neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating that these conditions may hijack human somnogenic pathways. Conversely, somnolence is a common adverse effect of many antipsychotic drugs, further highlighting a common etiopathogenesis. Since the brain salience network is likely the common denominator for insomnia, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, here, we focus on the pathology of this neuronal assembly and its likely driver, the dysfunctional neuronal and mitochondrial membrane...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541885/prevalence-and-clinical-picture-of-diamine-oxidase-gene-variants-in-children-and-adolescents-with-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-a-pilot-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla, Marcos Bella-Fernández, Ping Wang, Marina Martin-Moratinos, Chao Li
Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide. The diamine oxidase enzyme (DAO) is responsible for the histamine gastrointestinal degradation. Its deficient functioning may implicate an excess of histamine in the body. The excess of histamine (histamine intolerance, HIT) has been related with a growing number of diseases and pseudo-allergic symptomatology. However, data on the relationship between the DAO enzyme, HIT, and ADHD are lacking...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541863/working-memory-and-language-relate-to-report-of-socio-emotional-functioning-in-children-with-hearing-loss
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorothy A White, Elizabeth Adams Costa, Nancy Mellon, Meredith Ouellette, Sharlene Wilson Ottley
Background: Children with hearing loss have been found to have significantly more behavioral and emotional challenges than their typically hearing peers, though these outcomes are variable at the individual level. Working memory deficits have been found to relate to executive functioning and overall emotion regulation, leading to behavior challenges. Language development is essential for development of social relationships and communicating one's needs and this may lead to distress when children cannot communicate effectively...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541785/the-effect-of-sex-on-the-risk-of-long-covid-and-cardiovascular-complications-in-healthy-patients-without-comorbidities-data-from-a-polish-long-covid-cardiovascular-polocov-cvd-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agata Bielecka-Dabrowa, Agata Sakowicz, Katarzyna Gryglewska-Wawrzak, Joanna Kapusta, Maciej Banach, Piotr Jankowski, Michał Chudzik
Background: The prevalence of long-COVID (LC) presents a significant challenge to healthcare systems globally. There are still some discrepancies on the role of sex as an independent risk factor of LC complications. Thus, we aimed to determine the differences in clinical and cardiovascular complications between males and females without comorbidities after COVID-19. Methods: Clinical data on the course of the disease with the accompanying symptoms and post-COVID-19 symptoms were compiled from both male and female subjects with a minimum 12-week interval after COVID-19 recovery...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541763/the-physical-and-psychosocial-impact-of-fatigue-among-patients-with-sjogren-s-syndrome-a-systematic-review
#15
REVIEW
Denise-Ani Mardale, Daniela Opriș-Belinski, Violeta Bojincă, Mihai Bojincă, Diana Mazilu, Emilia Păsăran, Cristina Nițăa, Laura Groșeanu, Florian Berghea, Andra-Rodica Bălănescu
Background: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by organ-specific symptoms in the salivary and lacrimal glands, as well as systemic manifestations. Fatigue, a prominent aspect, significantly influences the overall quality of life for individuals with pSS. Methods: This review seeks to evaluate the impact of fatigue by exploring its consequences, potential causes, and effects on physical and psychological well-being, while also investigating its management strategies...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541096/effectiveness-of-electroencephalography-neurofeedback-for-improving-working-memory-and-episodic-memory-in-the-elderly-a-meta-analysis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Ru Lin, Tien-Wei Hsu, Che-Wei Hsu, Peng-Yu Chen, Ping-Tao Tseng, Chih-Sung Liang
Background and Objective : Existing evidence indicates the potential benefits of electroencephalography neurofeedback (NFB) training for cognitive function. This study aims to comprehensively review all available evidence investigating the effectiveness of NFB on working memory (WM) and episodic memory (EM) in the elderly population. Material and Methods : A systematic search was conducted across five databases to identify clinical trials examining the impact of NFB on memory function in healthy elderly individuals or those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)...
February 22, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540284/connections-between-cognitive-impairment-and-atrial-fibrillation-in-patients-with-diabetes-mellitus-type-2
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marius Militaru, Daniel Florin Lighezan, Cristina Tudoran, Anda Gabriela Militaru
(1) Background: Cognitive decline (CD), considered a precursory state of dementia, is frequently encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2) and might even have a higher prevalence in those with associated atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, we aimed to research if the association of DM-2 and AF favors a precocious onset of CD. (2) Methods: This study was conducted on 160 patients, featuring 50 with DM-2, 54 with DM-2 and AF, and 56 subjects without DM-2 and AF, all evaluated clinically and with five neuropsychiatric scales...
March 17, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540194/pituitary-adrenal-axis-and-peripheral-immune-cell-profile-in-long-covid
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaume Alijotas-Reig, Ariadna Anunciacion-Llunell, Enrique Esteve-Valverde, Stephanie Morales-Pérez, Sergio Rivero-Santana, Jaume Trapé, Laura González-García, Domingo Ruiz, Joana Marques-Soares, Francesc Miro-Mur
In Long COVID, dysfunction in the pituitary-adrenal axis and alterations in immune cells and inflammatory status are warned against. We performed a prospective study in a cohort of 42 patients who suffered COVID-19 at least 6 months before attending the Long COVID unit at Althaia Hospital. Based on Post-COVID Functional Status, 29 patients were diagnosed with Long COVID, while 13 were deemed as recovered. The hormones of the pituitary-adrenal axis, adrenocorticotropin stimulation test, and immune cell profiles and inflammatory markers were examined...
March 5, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540179/two-waves-of-specific-b-cell-memory-immunoreconstruction-observed-in-anti-hhv1-3-igg-kinetics-after-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Przemyslaw Zdziarski, Andrzej Gamian
BACKGROUND: Humoral memory and specific antibody levels depend on the kind of antigen and individual immunofactors. The presence of IgM antibodies or a fourfold rise in specific IgG levels are generally accepted as diagnostic factors in the serology of acute viral infections. This basic model is not adequate for the herpes virome, especially after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), due to continuous, usually multifocal antigenic stimulation, various donor serostatuses, immunosuppression, and individual immunoreconstitution...
March 3, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540099/peripheral-blood-b-cell-subsets-frequency-and-distribution-and-the-bsf-2-il-6-to-csif-tgif-il-10-ratio-as-severity-associated-signatures-in-primary-open-angle-glaucoma-a-case-controlled-study
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Entsar R Mokhtar, Asmaa A Elmadbouly, Omaima I Abo Elkheir, Mona Nabeh Mansour, Shahinaz El Attar, Mohamed A Heiba, Mennatullah N Mohamed, Heba Elhakeem, Lamia A Gad, Heba Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Rehab Moustafa Kamel, Hekmat M El Magdoub, Nadia M Hamdy, Doaa Aly Abd El-Fattah
UNLABELLED: Although primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a major cause of blindness worldwide, patients' immune response and its relation to the disease course have not been fully unraveled in terms of analyses of circulating B-cell subsets, as well as the association of these subsets with the severity of POAG clinical features. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to determine B-cell subset frequencies from 30 POAG patients grouped by hierarchical cluster analysis or the mean deviation (MD) of the visual field (VF) and correlated with the patients' clinical and pathological data, as well as with BSF-2(IL-6) and CSIF:TGIF(IL-10), which were quantified in peripheral blood samples of patients and controls by ELISA...
February 21, 2024: Biomedicines
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