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• keyword#1
Adam Št'ovíček, Ani Azatyan, M Ines M Soares, Osnat Gillor
Hot desert ecosystems experience rare and unpredictable rainfall events that resuscitate the arid flora and fauna. However, the effect of this sudden abundance of water on soil microbial communities is still under debate. We modeled varying rainfall amounts and temperatures in desert soil mesocosms and monitored the microbial community response over a period of 21 days. We studied two different wetting events, simulating heavy (50 mm) and light (10 mm) rain, as well as three different temperature regimes: constant 25° or 36°C, or a temperature diurnal cycle alternating between 36 and 10 °C...
2017: Frontiers in Microbiology
#2
Nurseda Dundar, Alparslan Kus, Yavuz Gurkan, Kamil Toker, Mine Solak
The goal of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of analgesia nociception index (ANI) monitoring during intraoperative period for patients with thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) undergoing breast surgery under general anesthesia. This prospective randomized trial was performed after receiving ethics committee approval in 44 patients who were scheduled to undergo breast surgery under general anesthesia. TPVB was performed in the preoperative period using 20 mL of bupivacaine 0.25% at T4 level. Anesthesia maintenance was provided with sevoflurane in O2: air mixture and remifentanil infusion...
June 19, 2017: Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing
#3
Eugenia Oviedo-Joekes, Suzanne Brissette, Scott MacDonald, Daphne Guh, Kirsten Marchand, Salima Jutha, Scott Harrison, Amin Janmohamed, Derek Z Zhang, Aslam H Anis, Michael Krausz, David C Marsh, Martin T Schechter
AIMS: To review the safety profile of injectable hydromorphone and diacetylmorphine and explore if adverse events (AEs) or serious adverse events (SAEs) were associated with dose and patterns of attendance. METHODS: This was a non-inferiority randomized double-blind controlled trial (Vancouver, Canada) testing hydromorphone (n=100) and diacetylmorphine (n=102) for the treatment of severe opioid use disorder. Medications were delivered under the supervision of trained Registered Nurses up to three times daily...
July 1, 2017: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#4
Sandra Doß, Heike Potschka, Fanny Doß, Steffen Mitzner, Martin Sauer
Purpose. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause of liver injury and a serious clinical problem; antimycotics are involved in approximately 3% of all DILI cases. The hepatotoxicity of many drugs, including the antimycotics, is poorly screened in human models. Methods. In a standardized assay the cytotoxicity on hepatocytes of different concentrations (Cmax, 5x Cmax, and 10x Cmax) of the antimycotics used for systemic infections was tested. Anidulafungin (ANI), liposomal amphotericerin B (L-AmB), caspofungin (CASPO), fluconazole (FLUCO), and voriconazole (VORI) were incubated with HepG2/C3A cells...
2017: BioMed Research International
#5
Fahaid Al-Hashem, Abbas O El Karib, Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah, Mohammad Dallak, Hussein F Sakr, Refaat A Eid, Mohamed Samir A Zaki, Mariam Al-Shamsi, Mohamed A Haidara, Bahjat Al-Ani
We tested the hypothesis that swim exercise can protect the articular cartilage from damages induced secondary to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in rats using the scanning electron microscopy and to monitor the blood levels of oxidative and antioxidative stress biomarkers that are known to be modulated in osteoarthritis (OA). A profound damage to the cartilage was observed in the diabetic rats. Our findings also show that swim exercise protects the knee joints from damage induced by diabetes as well as significantly inhibiting OA-induced upregulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and augmented superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibition by OA...
May 2, 2017: Ultrastructural Pathology
#6
Rami Issa, Marco Julien, Elizabeth Décary, Olivier Verdonck, Louis-Philippe Fortier, Pierre Drolet, Philippe Richebé
BACKGROUND: Analgesia might be evaluated with simple changes in vital signs, a non-specific and non-sensitive method. Heart rate variability (HRV) correlates with autonomous nervous system activity and can be used to evaluate painful stimuli. Heart rate variability is then transformed into a numeric scale called the analgesia nociception index (ANI), where higher values represent predominant parasympathetic tone, thus low nociception. Under general anesthesia, the ANI decreases following painful stimuli and increases after administration of analgesia, but significant interindividual variability is present...
April 21, 2017: Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia, Journal Canadien D'anesthésie
#7
R Logier, J De Jonckheere, A Dassonneville, M Jeanne
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis can be of precious help in most of clinical situations because it is able to quantify the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) activity. The HRV high frequency (HF) content, related to the parasympathetic tone, reflects the ANS response to an external stimulus responsible of pain, stress or various emotions. We have previously developed the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI), based on HRV high frequency content estimation, which quantifies continuously the vagal tone in order to guide analgesic drug administration during general anesthesia...
August 2016: Conference Proceedings: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
#8
Chahra Chbili, Anis Hassine, Aicha Laouani, Sana Ben Amor, Manel Nouira, Sofiène Ben Ammou, Saad Saguem
INTRODUCTION: The prescribed dose and carbamazepine plasma concentration to achieve the optimal therapeutic efficacy are highly variable from one patient to the other. Our study aimed to determine whether biological parameters may be used as plasma markers that can individually adjust the carbamazepine dose necessary to optimize therapeutic efficacy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-four epileptic patients under carbamazepine monotherapy and who have never used combination therapy were recruited from the consecutive admissions at the Department of Neurology "CHU Sahloul" of Sousse Central Hospital in Tunisia from February 2010 to April 2011...
March 1, 2017: Archives of Medical Science: AMS
#9
Julie Birdie Wahlang, Purnima Devi Laishram, Dhriti Kumar Brahma, Chayna Sarkar, Joonmoni Lahon, Banylla Shisha Nongkynrih
BACKGROUND: An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined by World Health Organization (WHO) as 'Any response to a drug which is noxious, unintended and occurs at doses used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy'. ADRs associated with cancer chemotherapy warrant analysis on their severity and preventability. The outcome would create awareness among health care providers and prevent their recurrence. We have performed a hospital-based prospective observational study designed to analyze the pattern of ADRs to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer patients of a tertiary care hospital...
February 2017: Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety
#10
R Logier, J De Jonckheere, A Dassonneville, M Jeanne, R Logier, J De Jonckheere, A Dassonneville, M Jeanne, A Dassonneville, J De Jonckheere, R Logier, M Jeanne
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis can be of precious help in most of clinical situations because it is able to quantify the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) activity. The HRV high frequency (HF) content, related to the parasympathetic tone, reflects the ANS response to an external stimulus responsible of pain, stress or various emotions. We have previously developed the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI), based on HRV high frequency content estimation, which quantifies continuously the vagal tone in order to guide analgesic drug administration during general anesthesia...
August 2016: Conference Proceedings: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
#11
Ara Darakjian, Ani B Darakjian, Edward T Chang, Macario Camacho
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) can cause ossification of ligaments and may affect the spine. We report a case of obstructive sleep apnea in a patient with significant upper airway narrowing secondary to cervical DISH. This patient had an initial apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 145 events/hour and was treated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, genial tubercle advancement, hyoid suspension, septoplasty, inferior turbinoplasties, and radiofrequency ablations to the tongue base which reduced his AHI to 40 events/hour...
2016: Case Reports in Otolaryngology
#12
Nicholas Dias, Yun Peng, Rose Khavari, Nissrine A Nakib, Robert M Sweet, Gerald W Timm, Arthur G Erdman, Timothy B Boone, Yingchun Zhang
BACKGROUND: Stress urinary incontinence is a significant problem in young female athletes, but the pathophysiology remains unclear because of the limited knowledge of the pelvic floor support function and limited capability of currently available assessment tools. The aim of our study is to develop an advanced computer modeling tool to better understand the dynamics of the internal pelvic floor during highly transient athletic activities. METHODS: Apelvic model was developed based on high-resolution MRI scans of a healthy nulliparous young female...
January 2017: Clinical Biomechanics
#13
Ozlem Ozmete, Cagla Bali, Oya Yalcin Cok, Hatice Evren Eker Turk, Nesrın Bozdogan Ozyilkan, Soner Civi, Anıs Aribogan
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sugammadex in reversing profound neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium in infant patients. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: University teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty-six infants (2-12 months of age; 3-11 kg) with an American Society of Anesthesiologists classification I, II, or III who were scheduled to undergo neurosurgical procedures were included in the study...
December 2016: Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
#14
Anis Bel Kamel, Laurent Bourguignon, Micaela Marcos, Michel Ducher, Sylvain Goutelle
BACKGROUND: Current guidelines suggest that vancomycin trough concentrations (Cmin) between 15 and 20 mg/L should be achieved to optimize vancomycin exposure and effect. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between vancomycin Cmin and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and assess the ability to predict an AUC target of 400 mg·h/L based on Cmin. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring data collected in 95 elderly patients treated with intermittent intravenous vancomycin was performed...
February 2017: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
#15
Matteo Vassallo, R Fabre, J Durant, C Lebrun-Frenay, H Joly, M Ticchioni, F DeSalvador, A Harvey-Langton, B Dunais, M Laffon, J Cottalorda, P Dellamonica, C Pradier
Persistent immune activation is one of the suspected causes of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in cART era. The CD4/CD8 ratio has been recently showed as a marker of immune activation and HAND. Our aim was to analyze if a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio over time could have an impact on neurocognitive deterioration. Randomly selected HIV-infected patients were followed for neuropsychological (NP) testing during a period of almost 2 years. Tests were adjusted for age, gender, and education. Patients were divided into 5 groups: normal tests (NT), neuropsychological deficit (ND, one impaired cognitive domain), asymptomatic neurocognitive disorders (ANI), mild neurocognitive disorders (MND), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD)...
November 4, 2016: Journal of Neurovirology
#16
Haya H Al-Ani, Anandita Devi, Helen Eyles, Boyd Swinburn, Stefanie Vandevijvere
Nutrition and health claims are displayed to influence consumers' food choices. This study assessed the extent and nature of nutrition and health claims on the front-of-pack of 'healthy' and 'less-healthy' packaged foods in New Zealand. Foods from eight categories, for which consumption may affect the risk of obesity and diet-related chronic diseases, were selected from the 2014 Nutritrack database. The internationally standardised International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS) taxonomy was used to classify claims on packages...
September 2016: British Journal of Nutrition
#17
Noelia Carballeda-Sangiao, Ana I Rodríguez-Mahillo, Mercedes Careche, Alfonso Navas, Ignacio Moneo, Miguel González-Muñoz
BACKGROUND: Sensitization to Anisakis spp. can produce allergic reactions after eating raw or undercooked parasitized fish. Specific IgE is detected long after the onset of symptoms, but the changes in specific IgE levels over a long follow-up period are unknown; furthermore, the influence of Anisakis spp. allergen exposure through consumption of fishery products is also unknown. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the changes in IgE sensitization to Anisakis spp. allergens over several years of follow-up and the influence of the consumption of fishery products in IgE sensitization...
July 2016: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
#18
John D Eicher, Nathalie Chami, Tim Kacprowski, Akihiro Nomura, Ming-Huei Chen, Lisa R Yanek, Salman M Tajuddin, Ursula M Schick, Andrew J Slater, Nathan Pankratz, Linda Polfus, Claudia Schurmann, Ayush Giri, Jennifer A Brody, Leslie A Lange, Ani Manichaikul, W David Hill, Raha Pazoki, Paul Elliot, Evangelos Evangelou, Ioanna Tzoulaki, He Gao, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Rasika A Mathias, Diane M Becker, Lewis C Becker, Amber Burt, David R Crosslin, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Kjell Nikus, Jussi Hernesniemi, Mika Kähönen, Emma Raitoharju, Nina Mononen, Olli T Raitakari, Terho Lehtimäki, Mary Cushman, Neil A Zakai, Deborah A Nickerson, Laura M Raffield, Rakale Quarells, Cristen J Willer, Gina M Peloso, Goncalo R Abecasis, Dajiang J Liu, Panos Deloukas, Nilesh J Samani, Heribert Schunkert, Jeanette Erdmann, Myriam Fornage, Melissa Richard, Jean-Claude Tardif, John D Rioux, Marie-Pierre Dube, Simon de Denus, Yingchang Lu, Erwin P Bottinger, Ruth J F Loos, Albert Vernon Smith, Tamara B Harris, Lenore J Launer, Vilmundur Gudnason, Digna R Velez Edwards, Eric S Torstenson, Yongmei Liu, Russell P Tracy, Jerome I Rotter, Stephen S Rich, Heather M Highland, Eric Boerwinkle, Jin Li, Ethan Lange, James G Wilson, Evelin Mihailov, Reedik Mägi, Joel Hirschhorn, Andres Metspalu, Tõnu Esko, Caterina Vacchi-Suzzi, Mike A Nalls, Alan B Zonderman, Michele K Evans, Gunnar Engström, Marju Orho-Melander, Olle Melander, Michelle L O'Donoghue, Dawn M Waterworth, Lars Wallentin, Harvey D White, James S Floyd, Traci M Bartz, Kenneth M Rice, Bruce M Psaty, J M Starr, David C M Liewald, Caroline Hayward, Ian J Deary, Andreas Greinacher, Uwe Völker, Thomas Thiele, Henry Völzke, Frank J A van Rooij, André G Uitterlinden, Oscar H Franco, Abbas Dehghan, Todd L Edwards, Santhi K Ganesh, Sekar Kathiresan, Nauder Faraday, Paul L Auer, Alex P Reiner, Guillaume Lettre, Andrew D Johnson
Platelet production, maintenance, and clearance are tightly controlled processes indicative of platelets' important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets are common targets for primary and secondary prevention of several conditions. They are monitored clinically by complete blood counts, specifically with measurements of platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV). Identifying genetic effects on PLT and MPV can provide mechanistic insights into platelet biology and their role in disease. Therefore, we formed the Blood Cell Consortium (BCX) to perform a large-scale meta-analysis of Exomechip association results for PLT and MPV in 157,293 and 57,617 individuals, respectively...
July 7, 2016: American Journal of Human Genetics
#19
Yaser Hamadeh Tarazi, Falah Khalil Al-Ani
INTRODUCTION: This study describes and reports, for the first time, an outbreak of dermatophilosis that occurred concurrently with caseous lymphadenitis involving two camel herds (Camelus dromedaries) in north Jordan. METHODOLOGY: The affected animals were part of two herds comprising 52 Arabian camels in herd 1 and 65 camels in herd 2. The age of infected camels ranged from 18 months to 5 years. Pus and skin scab samples were aseptically collected and bacteriologically examined...
May 31, 2016: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
#20
REVIEW
Jean Bouquet de Joliniere, Armando Librino, Jean-Bernard Dubuisson, Fathi Khomsi, Nordine Ben Ali, Anis Fadhlaoui, J M Ayoubi, Anis Feki
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) can be considered as the greatest surgical innovation over the past 30 years. It revolutionized surgical practice with well-proven advantages over traditional open surgery: reduced surgical trauma and incision-related complications, such as surgical-site infections, postoperative pain and hernia, reduced hospital stay, and improved cosmetic outcome. Nonetheless, proficiency in MIS can be technically challenging as conventional laparoscopy is associated with several limitations as the two-dimensional (2D) monitor reduction in-depth perception, camera instability, limited range of motion, and steep learning curves...
2016: Frontiers in Surgery
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