ANI monitoring

Capturing short-lived intermediates at the molecular level is key to understanding the mechanism and dynamics of chemical reactions. Here, we have developed a paper-in-tip bipolar electrolytic electrospray mass spectrometry platform, in which a piece of triangular conductive paper incorporated into a plastic pipette tip serves not only as an electrospray emitter but also as a bipolar electrode (BPE), thus triggering both electrospray and electrolysis simultaneously upon application of a high voltage. The bipolar electrolysis induces a pair of redox reactions on both sides of BPE, enabling both electro-oxidation and electro-reduction processes regardless of the positive or negative ion mode, thus facilitating access to complementary structural information for mechanism elucidation...

Cells rely heavily on the uptake of exogenous nutrients for survival, growth, and differentiation. Yet quantifying the uptake of small molecule nutrients at the single cell level is difficult. Here we present a new approach to studying the nutrient uptake in live single cells using Inverse Electron-Demand Diels Alder (IEDDA) chemistry. We have modified carboxyfluorescein-diacetate-succinimidyl esters (CFSE) - a quenched fluorophore that can covalently react with proteins and is only turned on in the cytosol of a cell following esterase activity - with a tetrazine...

Exocytosis involving the fusion of intracellular vesicles with cell membrane, is thought to be modulated by the mechanical cues in the microenvironment. Single-cell electrochemistry can offer unique information about the quantification and kinetics of exocytotic events, however, the effects of mechanical force on vesicular release has been poorly explored. Herein, we developed a stretchable microelectrode with excellent electrochemical stability under mechanical deformation by microfabrication of functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive ink, which achieved real-time quantitation of strain-induced vesicular exocytosis from a single cell for the first time...

Metabolic acidosis-induced kidney injury (MAKI) is asymptomatic and lack of clinical biomarkers in early stage, but rapidly progresses to severe renal fibrosis and ultimately results in end-stage kidney failure. Therefore, developing rapid and noninvasive strategies direct responsive to renal tubular acidic microenvironment rather than delayed biomarkers are essential for timely renoprotective interventions. Herein, we develop pH-responsive luminescent gold nanoparticles (p-AuNPs) in the second near-infrared emission co-coated with 2,3-dimethylaleic anhydride conjugated β-mercaptoethylamine and cationic 2-diethylaminoethanethiol hydrochloride, which showed sensitive pH-induced charge reversal and intrarenal self-assembly for highly sensitive and long-time (~24 h) imaging of different stages of MAKI...

Obtaining information about cellular interactions is fundamental to the elucidation of physiological and pathological processes. Proximity labeling technologies have been widely used to report cellular interactions in situ; however, the reliance on addition of tag molecules typically restricts their application to regions where tags can readily diffuse, while the application in, for example, solid tissues, is susceptible. Here, we propose an "in-situ-tag-generation mechanism" and develop the GalTag technology based on galactose oxidase (GAO) for recording cellular interactions within three-dimensional biological solid regions...

Timely detection of early-stage cancer holds immense potential in enhancing prognostic outcomes. There is an increasing desire for versatile tools to enable simple, sensitive, and cost-effective cancer detection. By exploiting the extraintestinal metabolic inertness and efficiency renal clearance of sucrose, we designed a liposome nanosensor using sucrose as a messenger to convert tumor-specific esterase activity into glucose meter readout, enabling economical and sensitive uri-nalysis for cancer detection in point-of-care testing (POCT)...

The rapid growth of flexible quasi-solid-state thermocells (TECs) provides a fresh way forward for wearable electronics. However, their insufficient mechanical strength and power output still hinder their further applications. This work demonstrates a one-stone-two-birds strategy to synergistically enhance the mechanical and thermoelectrochemical properties of the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4--based TECs. By introducing multiple non-covalent interactions via betaine zwitterions, the mechanical strength of the conventional brittle gelatin hydrogel electrolytes is substantially improved from 50 to 440 kPa, with a high stretchability approaching 250%...

While levodopa (L-Dopa) is the primary treatment for alleviating Parkinson's disease (PD), its efficacy is hindered by challenges such as a short half-life and inconsistent plasma levels. As PD progresses, the rising need for increased and more frequent L-Dopa doses coupled with symptom fluctuations and dyskinesias underscores the urgency for improved comprehension of the interplay between L-Dopa levels and PD motor symptoms. Addressing this critical need, we present a decentralized testing method using a disposable biosensor strip and a universal slope (U-slope) calibration-free approach...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Periodontal diseases are resulted from gum infections and dental plaques, which are mainly caused by the bacterial agents. Since dental monitoring includes important prognostic roles, the aim of this study was to detect the most common periodontal pathogenic bacteria in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 clinical samples were collected from dental plaques and gingival grooves. Target-specific primers were designed for hbpA in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , fimA in Porphyromonas gingivalis and 16S rRNA in Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola ...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether analgesia nociception index (ANI) could be an indicator of perioperative pain during laparoscopic trocar insertion. METHODS: A total of 280 participants of anesthesia receiving laparoscopic surgery were enrolled. Anesthesia induction and maintenance were performed using the Marsh model for target propofol and the Minto model for remifentanil. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), and ANI were recorded at skin incision, the first-, second, the last-trocar insertion, and 5 min after the last trocar insertion...

The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) at bulk scale require robust, straightforward, and cost-effective techniques. However, the traditional solvothermal synthetic methods of COFs suffer low scalability as well as requirement of sensitive reaction environment and multiday reaction time (2-10 days) which greatly restricts their practical application. Here, we report  microwave assisted  rapid  and optimized synthesis of a donor-acceptor (D-A) based highly crystalline COF, TzPm-COF in second (10 sec) to minute (10 min) time scale...

Combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) has revolutionized the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and has markedly improved the disease burden and life expectancy of people living with HIV. HIV enters the central nervous system (CNS) early in the course of infection, establishes latency, and produces a pro-inflammatory milieu that may affect cognitive functions, even in the cART era. Whereas severe forms of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) such as HIV-associated dementia have declined over the last decades, milder forms have become more prevalent, are commonly multifactorial, and are associated with comorbidity burdens, mental health, cART neurotoxicity, and ageing...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Renal ectopia, a rare congenital anomaly, can occur in various body regions and may be associated with other abnormalities. It is often asymptomatic, commonly found incidentally, as in our 70-year-old patient during appendicitis exploration. This case highlights the importance of recognizing renal ectopia and associated anomalies, such as vascular abnormalities and renal malrotation, which may predispose patients to potential complications and require vigilant monitoring for urinary tract infections and lithiasis events, as well as potential challenges during laparoscopic surgical procedures, as in our appendectomy case...

The transition-metal-catalyzed [4 + 4] cycloaddition leading to cyclooctanoids has been centralizing on dimerization between 1,3-diene type substrates. Here, we extend a [4σ + 4π - 1] and [4σ + 4π] cycloaddition strategy to access the 7/8-membered fused carbocycles through Rh-catalyzed coupling between the 4σ-donor (benzocyclobutenones) and pendant diene (4π) motifs. The two pathways can be controlled by adjusting the solvated CO concentration. A broad scope (>40 examples) of 5-6-7 and 5-6-8 polyfused carbocycles was obtained with good yields (up to 90%)...

The sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), produced by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, constitutes a major sulfur reserve in the biosphere. Microbial breakdown of SQDG is critical for the biological utilization of its sulfur. This commences through release of the parent sugar, sulfoquinovose (SQ), catalyzed by sulfoquinovosidases (SQases). These vanguard enzymes are encoded in gene clusters that code for diverse SQ catabolic pathways. To identify, visualize and isolate glycoside hydrolase CAZY-family 31 (GH31) SQases in complex biological environments, we introduce SQ cyclophellitol-aziridine activity-based probes (ABPs)...

A combined computational and experimental approach allowed us to develop the most selective catalysts for the direct hydrogenation of N-methyl and N-alkyl imines described to date. Iridium catalysts with a cyclometallated cyclic imide group provide selectivity of up to 99% enantiomeric excess. Computational studies show that the selectivity results from the combined effect of H-bonding of the imide C=O with the substrate iminium ion and a stabilizing π-π interaction with the cyclometallated ligand...

Ratiometric afterglow luminescent (AGL) probes are attractive for in vivo imaging due to their high sensitivity and signal self-calibration function. However, there are currently few ratiometric AGL probes available for imaging enzymatic activity in living organisms. Here, we present an energy diversion (ED) strategy that enables the design of an enzyme-activated ratiometric AGL probe (RAG-RGD) for in vivo afterglow imaging. The ED process provides RAG-RGD with a radiative transition for an 'always on' 520-nm AGL signal (AGL520) and a cascade three-step energy transfer (ET) process for an 'off-on' 710-nm AGL signal (AGL710) in response to a specific enzyme...

Piezochromic materials refer to a class of matters that alter their photoluminescence (PL) colors in response to the external stimuli, which exhibit promising smart applications in anti-counterfeiting, optoelectronic memory and pressure-sensing. However, so far, most reported piezochromic materials have been confined to organic materials or hybrid materials containing organic moieties with limited piezochromic range of less than 100 nm in visible region. Here, we achieved an intriguing piezochromism in all-inorganic zero-dimensional (0D) Cs3Cu2Cl5 nanocrystals (NCs) with a considerable piezochromic range of 232 nm because of their unique inorganic rigid structure...

There is an urgent need to improve conventional cancer-treatments by preventing detrimental side effects, cancer recurrence and metastases. Recent studies have shown that presence of senescent cells in tissues treated with chemo- or radiotherapy can be used to predict the effectiveness of cancer treatment. However, although the accumulation of senescent cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer, surprisingly little progress has been made in development of strategies for their detection in vivo. To address a lack of detection tools, we developed a biocompatible, injectable organic nanoprobe (NanoJagg), which is selectively taken up by senescent cells and accumulates in the lysosomes...

Metal-based chalcogenides exhibit great promise for overall water splitting, yet their intrinsic catalytic reaction mechanisms remain to be fully understood. In this work, we employed operando X-ray absorption (XAS) and in situ Raman spectroscopy to elucidate the structure-activity relationships of low-crystalline cobalt sulfide (L-CoS) catalysts toward overall water splitting. The operando results for L-CoS catalyzing the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) demonstrate that the cobalt centers in the bulk are predominantly coordinated by sulfur atoms, which undergo a kinetic structural rearrangement to generate metallic cobalt in S-Co-Co-S moieties as the true catalytic active species...