Latest medical technology

Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a syndrome broadly applied to the development of chronic pain after surgical breast intervention (i.e., lumpectomy and mastectomy). The incidence of PMPS is likely underreported, and this has contributed to a paucity of high-level evidence related to the treatment of the aforementioned condition. A drive to reduce the burden of opioid use has led to pain management physicians trialing a variety of strategies to help patients manage PMPS. This review discusses the latest evidence behind treatment options for PMPS, exploring medications as well as interventional techniques (e...

Pathology images of histopathology can be acquired from camera-mounted microscopes or whole-slide scanners. Utilizing similarity calculations to match patients based on these images holds significant potential in research and clinical contexts. Recent advancements in search technologies allow for implicit quantification of tissue morphology across diverse primary sites, facilitating comparisons, and enabling inferences about diagnosis, and potentially prognosis, and predictions for new patients when compared against a curated database of diagnosed and treated cases...

Critical care medicine in the 21st century has witnessed remarkable advancements that have significantly improved patient outcomes in intensive care units (ICUs). This abstract provides a concise summary of the latest developments in critical care, highlighting key areas of innovation. Recent advancements in critical care include Precision Medicine: Tailoring treatments based on individual patient characteristics, genomics, and biomarkers to enhance the effectiveness of therapies. The objective is to describe the recent advancements in Critical Care Medicine...

Psychiatric disorders are associated with serve disturbances in cognition, emotional control, and/or behavior regulation, yet few routine clinical tools are available for the real-time evaluation and early-stage diagnosis of mental health. Abnormal levels of relevant biomarkers may imply biological, neurological, and developmental dysfunctions of psychiatric patients. Exploring biosensors that can provide rapid, in-situ, and real-time monitoring of psychiatric biomarkers is therefore vital for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of mental disorders...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a foremost global health concern, necessitating ongoing exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies. This review surveys the latest developments in cardiovascular therapeutics, offering a comprehensive overview of emerging approaches poised to transform disease management. The examination begins by elucidating the current epidemiological landscape of CVD and the economic challenges it poses to healthcare systems. It proceeds to scrutinize the limitations of traditional therapies, emphasizing the need for progressive interventions...

The latest breakthroughs in spatially resolved transcriptomics technology offer comprehensive opportunities to delve into gene expression patterns within the tissue microenvironment. However, the precise identification of spatial domains within tissues remains challenging. In this study, we introduce AttentionVGAE (AVGN), which integrates slice images, spatial information and raw gene expression while calibrating low-quality gene expression. By combining the variational graph autoencoder with multi-head attention blocks (MHA blocks), AVGN captures spatial relationships in tissue gene expression, adaptively focusing on key features and alleviating the need for prior knowledge of cluster numbers, thereby achieving superior clustering performance...

OBJECTIVE: The Open Payments Program (OPP) was a database started in 2013 by the US government to report payments made by the medical device and pharmaceutical industry to physicians. Neurosurgery is a technologically advanced field that relies heavily on the latest innovations for complex treatment of its patient population. This study sought to explore the financial relationship between academic neurosurgeons and the industry. METHODS: OPP data were reviewed for the year 2021 of all faculty neurosurgeons affiliated with a neurosurgery residency program...

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In the ever-evolving landscape of biomedical research and publishing, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations serve as a critical framework for maintaining ethical standards. By providing a framework that adapts to technological advancements, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations actively shape responsible and transparent practices, ensuring the integrity of scientific inquiry and fostering global collaboration in the ever-evolving landscape of medical publishing...

Pig farming, a vital industry, necessitates proactive measures for early disease detection and crush symptom monitoring to ensure optimum pig health and safety. This review explores advanced thermal sensing technologies and computer vision-based thermal imaging techniques employed for pig disease and piglet crush symptom monitoring on pig farms. Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-invasive and efficient technology for measuring pig body temperature, providing advantages such as non-destructive, long-distance, and high-sensitivity measurements...

AIMS: Despite numerous studies covering the various features of three-dimensional printing (3D printing) technology, and its applications in food science and disease treatment, no study has yet been conducted to investigate applying 3D printing in diabetes. Therefore, the present study centers on the utilization and impact of 3D printing technology in relation to the nutritional, pharmaceutical, and medicinal facets of diabetes management. It highlights the latest advancements, and challenges in this field...

BACKGROUND: In recent times, there has been widespread deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, particularly in the healthcare sector, where computations involving user-specific data are carried out on cloud servers. However, the network nodes in IoT healthcare are vulnerable to an increased level of security threats. OBJECTIVE: This paper introduces a secure Electronic Health Record (EHR) framework with a focus on IoT. METHODS: Initially, the IoT sensor nodes are designated as registered patients and undergo initialization...

BACKGROUND: Whole-mount histopathology (WMH) has been a powerful tool to investigate the characteristics of prostate cancer. However, the latest advancement of WMH was yet under summarization. In this review, we offer a comprehensive exposition of current research utilizing WMH in diagnosing and treating prostate cancer (PCa), and summarize the clinical advantages of WMH and outlines potential on future prospects. METHODS: An extensive PubMed search was conducted until February 26, 2023, with the search term "prostate", "whole-mount", "large format histology", which was limited to the last 4 years...

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a type of secondary cancer which is not sensitive to conventional intravenous chemotherapy. Treatment strategies for PC are usually palliative rather than curative. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in the medical field, making the early diagnosis, individualized treatment, and accurate prognostic evaluation of various cancers, including mediastinal malignancies, colorectal cancer, lung cancer more feasible. As a branch of computer science, AI specializes in image recognition, speech recognition, automatic large-scale data extraction and output...

BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate cell-to-cell communication and affect various physiological and pathological processes in both parent and recipient cells. Currently, extensive research has focused on the EVs derived from cell cultures and various body fluids. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the EVs derived from tissues. Tissue EVs can reflect the microenvironment of the specific tissue and the cross-talk of communication among different cells, which can provide more accurate and comprehensive information for understanding the development and progression of diseases...

Flexible electronics, applicable to enlarged health, AI big data medications, etc., have been one of the most important technologies of this century. Due to its particular mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, cocoon silk (or SF, silk fibroin) plays a key role in flexible electronics/photonics. The review begins with an examination of the hierarchical meso network structures of SF materials and introduces the concepts of meso reconstruction, meso doping, and meso hybridization based on the correlation between the structure and performance of silk materials...

The cochlear implant (CI) is considered the most successful neuroprosthesis as it enables speech comprehension in the majority of the million otherwise deaf patients. In hearing by electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve, the broad spread of current from each electrode acts as a bottleneck that limits the transfer of sound frequency information. Hence, there remains a major unmet medical need for improving the quality of hearing with CIs. Recently, optogenetic stimulation of the cochlea has been suggested as an alternative approach for hearing restoration...

The latest findings in iron metabolism and the newly uncovered process of ferroptosis have paved the way for new potential strategies in anti-leukemia treatments. In the current project, we reviewed and summarized the current role of nanomedicine in the treatment and diagnosis of leukemia through a comparison made between traditional approaches applied in the treatment and diagnosis of leukemia via the existing investigations about the ferroptosis molecular mechanisms involved in various anti-tumor treatments...

This article presents an analysis of seven articles published within the International Perspectives and Initiatives regular feature series on the impact of technology on the provision of health information. The articles provide a road map of how technology is facilitating new and enhanced services for library users in seven countries: Australia, Bangladesh, China, England, Germany, Sweden and the United States. Although there are differences in how countries are implementing technological solutions, only one describes problems in leveraging technology to improve library services...

BACKGROUND: Many senior adults are at risk of mental and physical disorders due to a lack of sufficient exercise. Therefore, adherent exercise should be urgently promoted to improve senior adults' muscle strength, preventing falls and conditions caused by physical and cognitive decline. However, off-the-shelf exercise games, so-called exergames, are mainly targeted at the younger generation or children, while senior adults are neglected, when this age group strongly needs exercise. Exergames could serve as a health intervention for promoting exercise...