Circadian depression

Seasonal patterns (SP) exert a notable influence on the course and prognosis of patients with affective disorders, serving as a specifier in diagnosis. However, there is limited exploration of seasonality among psychotic patients, and the distinctions in seasonality among psychiatric patients remain unclear. In this study, we enrolled 198 psychiatric patients with anxiety and depressive disorders (A&D), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ), as well as healthy college students. Online questionnaires, including the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) for seasonality, the Morningness and Eveningness Questionnaire-5 (MEQ-5) for chronotypes, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), were administered...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical correlates and the relationship between hypersomnolence and clinical outcomes in a cohort of MDD patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of a MDD cohort in an university-affiliated adult psychiatric outpatient clinic. The diagnosis of MDD and severity of depression were ascertained by the clinician with structured clinical interviews. Each participant completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), 1-week sleep diary, and a battery of questionnaires that assessed usual sleep pattern, insomnia, anxiety, depression, fatigue and circadian preference...

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the 5-item Turkish Reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) for the first time. The study involved 875 university students in an adaptation and validation study. Participants completed the rMEQ, MEQ, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Short Form (BIS-SF), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form (OHQ-SF). The factor structure, convergent validity, internal consistency, sensitivity, and specificity of the rMEQ were examined...

Neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorders and schizophrenia are often associated with disruptions to the normal 24 h sleep wake cycle. Casein kinase 1 (CK1δ) is an integral part of the molecular machinery that regulates circadian rhythms. Starting from a cluster of bicyclic pyrazoles identified from a virtual screening effort, we utilized structure-based drug design to identify and reinforce a unique "hinge-flip" binding mode that provides a high degree of selectivity for CK1δ versus the kinome...

Sleep disturbance and abnormal circadian rhythm might be closely related to bipolar disorder. Several studies involving disturbed sleep/wake cycle, changes in rhythms such as melatonin and cortisol, clock genes, and circadian preference have shown the relationship between bipolar disorder and circadian rhythm. The results differed across different studies. In some studies, a delay in the circadian rhythm was observed in the depressive episode and advanced circadian rhythm was observed during the manic episode...

BACKGROUND: Evening-type and insomnia symptoms are significantly related to each other and independently associated with depressive symptoms, yet few studies have examined the potential interaction between these two conditions. Therefore, we aimed to examine the associations of evening-type and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among Chinese youths, with a specific focus on the joint effects of the two conditions on depressive symptoms. METHODS: Participants aged between 12 and 25 were invited to participate in an online survey from December 15, 2022, to May 26, 2023...

Background : The disruption of social rhythms was found to be associated with depressive disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic; lower rates of these disorders were surprisingly found in old adults. The present study aims to verify the stability of social rhythms during lockdown in a sample of elderly people. Methods : Controlled cohort study (secondary analyses) of a previous randomized-controlled trial with the first evaluation in April 2019 (T0) and then 48 weeks later (T1) during the lockdown. The regulation of social and behavioral rhythms was measured through the Brief Social Rhythms Scale (BSRS); the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9) was adopted to detect relevant depressive symptoms...

BACKGROUND: Patients with migraine often have poor sleep quality between and during migraine attacks. Furthermore, extensive research has identified photophobia as the most common and most bothersome symptom in individuals with migraine, second only to headache. Seeking the comfort of darkness is a common strategy for managing pain during an attack and preventing its recurrence between episodes. Given the well-established effects of daily light exposure on circadian activity rhythms and sleep quality, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between photophobia symptoms and sleep quality in a cohort of patients with migraine...

While studies show links between smartphone data and affective symptoms, we lack clarity on the temporal scale, specificity (e.g., to depression vs. anxiety), and person-specific (vs. group-level) nature of these associations. We conducted a large-scale (n = 1013) smartphone-based passive sensing study to identify within- and between-person digital markers of depression and anxiety symptoms over time. Participants (74.6% female; M age = 40.9) downloaded the LifeSense app, which facilitated continuous passive data collection (e...

We aim to examine the association of sleep duration, sleep quality, late chronotype and circadian misalignment with glycemic control and risk of complications in young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes followed in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study. Self-reported sleep duration, quality, timing, and circadian misalignment were assessed via a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and chronotype was assessed via the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ)...

Sleep and light education (SLE) combined with relaxation is a potential method of addressing sleep and affective problems in older people. 47 participants took part in a four-week sleep education program. SLE was conducted once a week for 60-90 minutes. Participants were instructed on sleep and light hygiene, sleep processes, and practiced relaxation techniques. Participants were wearing actigraphs for 6 weeks, completed daily sleep diaries, and wore blue light-blocking glasses 120 minutes before bedtime...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the sleep and circadian health of critical survivors 12 months after hospital discharge and to evaluate a possible effect of the severity of the disease within this context. DESIGN: Observational, prospective study. SETTING: Single-center study. PATIENTS: Two hundred sixty patients admitted to the ICU due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. INTERVENTIONS: None...

Individuals within the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia disease spectrum (ALS/FTD) often experience disruptive mental behaviors and sleep-wake disturbances. The hallmark of ALS/FTD is the pathological involvement of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). Understanding the role of TDP-43 in the circadian clock holds promise for addressing these behavioral abnormalities. In this study, we unveil TDP-43 as a pivotal regulator of the circadian clock. TDP-43 knockdown induces intracellular arrhythmicity, disrupts transcriptional activation regulation, and diminishes clock genes expression...

Day length, or photoperiod, is a reliable environmental cue encoded by the brain's circadian clock that indicates changing seasons and induces seasonal biological processes. In humans, photoperiod, age, and sex have been linked to seasonality in neuropsychiatric disorders, as seen in Seasonal Affective Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, and Bipolar Disorder. The nucleus accumbens is a key locus for the regulation of motivated behaviors and neuropsychiatric disorders. Using periadolescent and young adult male and female mice, here we assessed photoperiod's effect on serotonin and dopamine tissue content in the nucleus accumbens core, as well as on accumbal synaptic dopamine release and uptake...

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and their prevalence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as social schedules were disrupted. This study explores the associations between anxiety and depression and within- and between-day instability of affective, somatic, and cognitive symptoms during the early pandemic stages. METHODS: Participants (n = 153, ages 18-77, 72 % female) reported daily levels of affective (anxiety/sadness), somatic (appetite/sleepiness), and cognitive (concentration/energy) symptoms for 14-44 days at five timepoints: 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after awakening...

Season-of-birth associations with psychiatric disorders point to environmental (co-)aetiological factors such as natural photoperiod that, if clarified, may allow interventions toward prevention. We systematically reviewed the literature concerning season-of-birth and bipolar disorder and depression and explored associations between the perinatal natural photoperiod and these outcomes in a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank database. We used mean daily photoperiod and relative photoperiod range (relative to the mean) in the 3rd trimester and, separately, in the first 3 months post birth as metrics...

BACKGROUND: Sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions are common in patients with mood disorders. The intricate relationship between these disruptions and mood has been investigated, but their causal dynamics remain unknown. METHODS: We analysed data from 139 patients (76 female, mean age = 23.5 ± 3.64 years) with mood disorders who participated in a prospective observational study in South Korea. The patients wore wearable devices to monitor sleep and engaged in smartphone-delivered ecological momentary assessment of mood symptoms...

Transcriptome profiles are sensitive to space stressors and serve as valuable indicators of the biological effects during spaceflight. Herein, we transformed the expression profiles into gene interaction patterns by single-sample networks (SSNs) and performed the integrated analysis on the 301 spaceflight and 290 ground control samples, which were obtained from the GeneLab platform. Specifically, an individual SSN was established for each sample. Based on the topological structures of 591 SSNs, the differentially interacted genes (DIGs) were identified between spaceflights and ground controls...

Most studies have shown a link between chronotypes and mental health and have identified evening chronotypes (E-types) as a potential risk for depressive symptoms. However, the mechanisms behind this association remain unknown. Abnormal expression of the PER1 gene was not only associated with circadian rhythm disturbance, but also closely related to mental illness. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association of chronotype with depressive symptoms, and further explore the moderating effects of the PER1 gene DNA methylation on chronotypes and depressive symptoms in Chinese university students...

We investigate the predictive factors of the mood recurrence in patients with early-onset major mood disorders from a prospective observational cohort study from July 2015 to December 2019. A total of 495 patients were classified into three groups according to recurrence during the cohort observation period: recurrence group with (hypo)manic or mixed features (MMR), recurrence group with only depressive features (ODR), and no recurrence group (NR). As a result, the baseline diagnosis of bipolar disorder type 1 (BDI) and bipolar disorder type 2 (BDII), along with a familial history of BD, are strong predictors of the MMR...