H1N1 guideline

Introduction In order to better understand the barriers to influenza vaccination, we have designed a study to investigate pregnant women's knowledge, attitude, perceptions, and concerns towards the inactivated influenza vaccine. Materials and methods In this prospective study, carried out between July 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019, 252 pregnant women (≥12 weeks of gestational age), who had consented to be enrolled in the study, were asked to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire during their stay in the hospital ward...

Regulatory science is a discipline that uses comprehensive methods of natural science, social science, and humanities to provide support for administrative decision-making through the development of new tools, standards, and approaches to assess the safety, efficacy, quality, and performance of regulated products. During the pandemics induced by infectious diseases, such as H1N1 flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), regulatory science strongly supported the development of drugs and vaccines to respond to the viruses...

Influenza is a cause of significant morbidity, mortality, economic and social disruption. Annual seasonal influenza epidemics result in 290,000-650,000 deaths worldwide, while influenza pandemics have resulted in many more - the A(H1N1) pandemic of 1918-1919 caused 20-50 million deaths. Healthcare systems struggle to effectively manage the constant threat because of the evolving nature of the virus. Since the start of 2021, there have been four events of concern related to influenza reported by the World Health Organization...

In this study, we introduce polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic devices capable of sequential dispensing of samples into multiple reaction microchambers in a single operation to provide a fast and easy sample-to-answer platform for multiplexed genetic diagnosis of multiple viral infectious diseases. This approach utilizes the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to amplify and detect specific nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) targets. We present a microfluidic flow control theory for sequential liquid dispensing phenomena, which provides design guidelines for device optimization...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a condition characterized by the formation of thick airway casts leading to acute and often life-threatening airway obstruction. PB occurs mainly in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHO) who have undergone staged surgical palliation (Glenn, Fontan), but can also occur after chemical inhalation, H1N1, severe COVID-19, sickle cell disease, severe asthma, and other diseases. Mortality risk from PB can be up to 40%-60%, and no treatment guideline exist...

Background: Recent viral pandemics have challenged the global scientific community to immediately develop new therapies. The fastest approach to develop these is to explore natural products for their efficacies and repurposing of already approved molecules. Keeping global emergency in view, researchers at Shreepad Shree Vallabh SSV Phytopharmaceuticals developed the CurvicTM (SSV-003) formulation, comprising of curcumin, vitamin C, vitamin K2-7, selenomethionine and Zinc. Methods: Researchers have systematically studied the SSV-003 formulation for its in vitro efficacy against influenza A virus (H1N1) (ATCC® VR-219™) and human beta coronavirus (ATCC® VR1558™) using MDCK & HCT-8 cell lines, respectively, in vivo efficacy studies of SSV-003 on influenza A virus infected Balb/c mice, and acute toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines...

Disease prevalence is highest in low-resource settings (LRS) due to the lack of funds, infrastructure, and personnel required to carry out laboratory-based molecular tests. In high-resource settings, gold-standard molecular tests for diseases consist of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) due to their excellent sensitivity and specificity. These tests require the extraction, amplification, and detection of nucleic acids from clinical samples. In high-resource settings, all three of these steps require highly specialized, costly, and onerous equipment that cannot be used in LRS...

Although influenza is a major public health concern, little is known about the use of spray live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) among adults. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of LAIV, especially in adults with/without clinical conditions and children <2 years, with the final aim of possibly extending the clinical indications. PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus were the two databases consulted through February 2021. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed...

BACKGROUND: Rapid assessment of COVID-19 vaccine safety during pregnancy is urgently needed. METHODS: We conducted a rapid systematic review, to evaluate the safety of COVID-19 vaccines selected by the COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access-Maternal Immunization Working Group in August 2020, including their components and their technological platforms used in other vaccines for pregnant persons. We searched literature databases, COVID-19 vaccine pregnancy registries, and explored reference lists from the inception date to February 2021 without language restriction...

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has a major precedent almost exactly a century ago: the world-famous H1N1 influenza virus pandemic, sometimes known to the general public as the Spanish flu. From a history of medicine perspective, it is possible to underline many potential common traits between the two. In this article, hygiene and prophylaxis strategies are analyzed in a review of the most popular Italian general medical journals at the time of Spanish flu, Il Policlinico being the most representative of them...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) is a pandemic disease with rapidly and widely disseminating to the world. Based on experiences about the H1N1, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus pandemics, pregnant women who are infected are disproportionately more likely to develop severe illness and need more hospitalizations, intensive care, and finally die of diseases compared with those nonpregnant counterparts or those pregnant women without infection...

The aim of this rapid review is to summarise the evidence on non-contact thermal screening as a method through which to identify cases and reduce the spread of coronavirus disease (Covid-19). The rapid review was conducted in accordance with Cochrane guidelines, with a systematic search of published peer-reviewed articles and non-peer-reviewed pre-prints undertaken from 1 January 2000 up to 7 October 2020. Eleven studies were included. One observational study and two mathematical modelling studies were conducted in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic; the remaining studies were conducted during the influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (n = 7) or middle east respiratory syndrome (n = 1) pandemics...

The 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to recommend countries to establish a national severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) surveillance system for preparedness and emergency response. However, setting up or maintaining a robust SARI surveillance system has been challenging. Similar to other countries, surveillance data on hospitalisations for SARI in the Netherlands are still limited, in contrast to the robust surveillance data in primary care. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview, evaluation, and challenges of already available surveillance systems or datasets in the Netherlands, which might be used for near real-time surveillance of severe respiratory infections...

Background: Pregnant women with COVID-19 are at an increased risk of severe COVID-19 illness as well as adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Many countries are vaccinating or considering vaccinating pregnant women with limited available data about the safety of this strategy. Early identification of safety concerns of COVID-19 vaccines, including their components, or their technological platforms is therefore urgently needed. Methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review, as the first phase of an ongoing full systematic review, to evaluate the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women, including their components, and their technological platforms (whole virus, protein, viral vector or nucleic acid) used in other vaccines, following the Cochrane methods and the PRISMA statement for reporting (PROSPERO-CRD42021234185)...

A well-established and functional quality management system is an integral part of any diagnostic laboratory. It assures the reliability and standards of the laboratory function. A pandemic situation such as that caused by the influenza H1N1 2009 virus or the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) increases the demands on the public health system, and the need to build, upgrade and expand the number of diagnostic laboratories. The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 unleashed a public health emergency of an unprecedented scale...

BACKGROUND: Health care workers (HCWs) have been engaged in fighting dangerous epidemics for hundreds of years, more recently in severe acute respiratory syndrome, H1N1, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and now coronavirus disease 2019. A consistent feature of epidemic disease results is that health care systems and HCWs are placed under immense strain. METHODS: A focused narrative review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to examine the main concerns and anxieties faced by HCWs during recent epidemics and to determine the supports deemed most important to those HCWs to keep them at the frontline...

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of acute respiratory failure syndrome characterised by severe respiratory distress and stubborn hypoxaemia. Patients with ARDS have a prolonged hospital stay and high mortality rate. Over long-term follow-up, ARDS is found to be associated with a high incidence of long-term complications and decreased quality of life. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) has been widely used for the treatment of refractory ARDS...

AIM: To examine the literature on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used in the treatment, prevention and supportive care in patients with COVID-19. DESIGN: A narrative review was performed. DATA SOURCES: A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted on both Chinese and English electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, PsycINFO. Articles published from 1 December 2019 to 1 April 2020 were included in this review...

A well-established and functional quality management system is an integral part of any diagnostic laboratory. It assures the reliability and standards of the laboratory function. A pandemic situation such as that caused by the influenza H1N1 2009 virus or the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) increases the demands on the public health system, and the need to build, upgrade and expand the number of diagnostic laboratories. The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 unleashed a public health emergency of an unprecedented scale...

BACKGROUND: Community-based studies of influenza and other respiratory viruses (eg, SARS-CoV-2) require laboratory confirmation of infection. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing guidelines require alternative data collection in order to protect both research staff and participants. Home-collected respiratory specimens are less resource-intensive, can be collected earlier after symptom onset, and provide a low-contact means of data collection. A prospective, multi-year, community-based cohort study is an ideal setting to examine the utility of home-collected specimens for identification of influenza...