Bladder retention

Background: Mirabegron, the first β-3 adrenergic receptor agonist, received approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB). This pharmacovigilance study investigated the safety profile of mirabegron treatment using the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Methods: This study employed disproportionality analyses, including the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN) algorithm, to quantify signals of adverse events associated with mirabegron...

Preoperative cystoscopy is imperative in anticipation of a bladder outlet procedure. This case highlights a now catheter dependent middle aged gentleman who was referred for treatment of urinary retention. He was found to have a prolapsing ureterocele causing obstruction. This was managed with a transurethral ureterocelectomy utilizing the Moses laser which resulted in a precise and bloodless resection. He is now voiding with out issue.

BACKGROUND: Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is considered the preferred restorative surgical procedure for patients with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis requiring proctocolectomy. Unfortunately, postoperative leaks remain a complication with potentially significant ramifications. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive description of the evaluation, management, and outcomes of leaks after primary IPAA procedures. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2022, a total of 4058 primary IPAA procedures were performed at Cleveland Clinic...

Objective: To explore the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in patients with perineal and/or hip burns. Methods: This study was a retrospective case series study. From January 2018 to December 2022, 260 patients with perineal and/or hip burns and urinary catheters indwelling who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Burns and Wound Repair of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, including 192 males and 68 females, aged 20-93 years...

We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the feasibility and safety of performing gynecological single-port transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted adnexal surgery without urethral catheterization in a day surgery setting. A total of 153 patients with adnexal disease were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT). All subjects performed single-port transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted adnexal surgery between March 2021 and July 2022 in a day surgery center. After completion of the baseline survey, participants were randomized into one of three groups...

Meningitis-retention syndrome (MRS) is a recently recognized condition marked by the concurrent occurrence of aseptic meningitis with acute urinary retention. We present the case of a 22-year-old man who presented with an undiagnosed fever with headache and urinary retention. Subsequent urodynamic testing revealed an underactive detrusor, resulting in insufficient contraction of the bladder during voiding despite normal sensation during bladder filling. Normal urinary voiding was successfully restored without the need for treatment within a 30-day timeframe...

Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) offers a therapeutic approach to urological patients suffering from idiopathic overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome, with or without incontinence and non-obstructive urinary retention (NOR), who are not responding to or are not compliant with conservative or medical therapies. The exact mechanism of action of SNM is not fully understood but modulation of the spinal cord reflexes and brain networks by peripheral afferents is regarded as the main pathway. Over the years, surgical techniques improved, leading to the development of the modern two-stage implantation technique...

PURPOSE: Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) is common in patients with neurological lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). Medical treatment usually cannot adequately relieve NLUTD. This study reported the real-life treatment outcome of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) for overactive bladders (OAB) and voiding dysfunction in patients with CNS lesions. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the first-time treatment outcome of 74 patients who received detrusor 100 U BoNT-A for OAB and 45 patients who received a urethral sphincter 100 U BoNT-A injection for voiding dysfunction...

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), the lowest-molecular-weight phthalate ester (PAE), is one of the most commonly detected persistent organic pollutants in the environment, but its toxic effects, especially cardiovascular developmental toxicity, are largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to sublethal concentrations of DMP from 4 to 96 hpf. Our results showed that DMP treatment induced yolk retention, pericardial edema, and swim bladder deficiency, as well as increased SV-BA distance and decreased heart rate, stroke volume, ventricular axis shortening rate and ejection fraction...

RATIONALE: Immune-related adverse events following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors can affect almost every organ. Tislelizumab, a novel humanized Ig G4 programmed death receptor 1 inhibitor, was started for bladder cancer in 2019, but the adverse effects of this drug may not yet be known due to its short time on the market, and there are still some clinical safety concerns. There are few reports of adrenal insufficiency after tislelizumab treatment, which is easily missed, misdiagnosed and life-threatening...

BACKGROUND: We designed and synthesized a novel bisphosphonate radiopharmaceutical (68  Ga- or 177 Lu-labeled DOTA-ibandronate [68  Ga/177 Lu-DOTA-IBA]) for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of bone metastases. The biodistribution and internal dosimetry of a single therapeutic dose of 177 Lu-DOTA-IBA were evaluated using a series of single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) images and blood samples. Five patients with multiple bone metastases were included in this prospective study...

IMPORTANCE: Although overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition, affecting 16% of Americans, few patients continue on to advanced therapies. Furthermore, procedural therapies like intravesical onabotulinum toxin-A (BTX-A), which require ongoing repeat treatments, have discontinuation rates ranging from 25% to 51%. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to investigate factors associated with dis-continuation of BTX-A injections for idiopathic OAB among a diverse urban population...

Overactive bladder (OAB) is the most common voiding dysfunction in children; however, nonneurogenic or idiopathic OAB remains poorly studied. First-line treatment includes conservative measures; however, as many patients are refractory, have adverse effects, or are contraindicated for anticholinergics, new options must be explored. This review covers the use of intravesical botulinum toxin (BoNT) for idiopathic OAB treatment in children, emphasizing its efficacy, safety, differences between toxins, doses, and injection techniques...

We describe a case of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), an uncommon and dangerous complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that struck a 22-year-old woman with SLE. Chronic autoimmune illness (e.g., SLE) affects the skin, kidneys, joints, blood, and neurological system, among other organs. LETM is a condition where the spinal cord becomes inflamed and damaged, causing neurological problems, such as weakness, sensory loss, and bladder dysfunction. The patient presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, body aches, and fatigue, followed by shock, hypoxia, urinary retention, and constipation...

BACKGROUND: Metastasis in penile corpus cavernosum from adenocarcinoma of lung is a rare but fatal disease, which was reported in cases without series studies. It causes various clinical symptoms seriously affecting the quality of life. CASE PRESENTATION: A 72-year-old male smoker patient, who had a history of adenocarcinoma of lung after targeted therapy 36 months before, was admitted to Jiangxi Cancer Hospital because of presenting with aggressive dysuria and penis pain for one hour...

BACKGROUND: Obliterative vaginal procedures may offer lower perioperative morbidity and equal success rates as reconstructive procedures for frail and elderly women who no longer desire future coital function. The combination of vaginal hysterectomy with either reconstructive or obliterative vaginal procedures has not yet been investigated. OBJECTIVES: To compare peri- and postoperative outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor reconstruction (VHR) vs. vaginal hysterectomy with colpocleisis (VHC)...

IMPORTANCE: Urethral bulking is an alternative to synthetic midurethral sling for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. Urethral bulking agents, which are injected in the submucosal tissues of the proximal urethra/bladder neck, have demonstrated less adverse effects with similar satisfaction rates but lower subjective and objective cure rates when compared with midurethral sling. Cystoscopic Reconstruction of External Sphincter Technique (CREST) is a novel technique, which reinforces the natural closure mechanism of the external urinary sphincter (EUS)...

IMPORTANCE: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur in 8.6% to 48.1% of patients after intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate both choice and duration of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence of UTI within 30 days after in-office onabotulinumtoxinA injections. STUDY DESIGN: We included a single-site, retrospective cohort of 305 patients with overactive bladder or bladder pain syndrome receiving postprocedure prophylactic antibiotics for in-office, 100-unit intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections from 2019 to 2023...

BACKGROUND: Urinary and fecal incontinence in people dealing with spina bifida, has inevitably an influence on the quality of life. In this analysis, the degree of education on how to manage incontinence and retention is studied, as well as the problems those might create and the consequential degree of autonomy and independence reached into the management of those. The main goal is to increase both nursing assistance and the education of the people dealing with spina bifida. METHODS: A multiple-choice questionnaire with open questions, concerning the bowel and bladder management was structured by all the authors and shared by the Google Docs platform among the members of the ASBI (Associazione Spina Bifida Italia) by the secretariat of the association itself...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often applied in a clinical setting to treat bladder cancer. However, current photosensitizers report drawbacks such as low efficacy, low selectivity, and numerous side effects, which have limited the clinical values of PDT for bladder cancer. Previously, we developed the first bladder cancer-specific aptamer that can selectively bind to and be internalized by bladder tumor cells versus normal uroepithelium cells. Here, we use an aptamer-based drug delivery system to deliver photosensitizer chlorine e6 (Ce6) into bladder tumor cells...