Gastric volume

BACKGROUND: Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction (mGOO) has been standardly treated by surgical Gastrojejunostomy (S-GJ) or Endoscopic Stenting (ES). Recently, EUS-Gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) has emerged as an alternative, despite its worldwide diffusion is heterogeneous. The aim of this survey was to assess clinical decision-making around mGOO and to explore current opinions regarding EUS-GJ. METHODS: An online survey, spread through social networks and EPC newsletter, was created exploring opinions regarding indications, contraindications, benefits/risks, availability of mGOO treatments; 2 case vignettes explored clinical decision-making in different scenarios...

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is rare in adults. A T-lymphocyte response is thought to be involved in HCV-RNA clearance. Splenectomy reportedly has a beneficial effect on T cell immune function in patients with cirrhosis. To the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first to describe spontaneous clearance of serum HCV-RNA within 1 year after splenectomy in a patient with cirrhosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old man with HCV cirrhosis was transferred to our institution with advanced pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and gastric varices...

A 87-year-old female was pointed out wall thickness in the upper part of gastric body for examination of anemia. The mass had a contrast effect, some of it protruded outside the wall, and the surrounding lymph nodes were enlarged. Upper endoscopy showed irregular ulcerative lesion with submucosal volume from posterior wall to the greater curvature in the upper part of gastric body. Biopsy was performed, and GIST of stomach was diagnosed. Surgery was performed for the GIST of the stomach. During open surgery, invasion of pancreatic tail was observed, therefore proximal gastrectomy with D1 lymph node dissection and distal pancreatectomy were performed...

BACKGROUND: The use of proton pump inhibitors in the acute phase of cerebral infarction may lead to adverse long-term outcomes, this study aims to explore the potential of electroacupuncture (EA) in replacing omeprazole in exerting post-stroke gastrointestinal protection. METHODS: A permanent middle cerebral artery infarction model was established using the modified Longa thread occlusion technique. Gastrointestinal motility, gastrointestinal mucosal damage, cerebral infarct volume, and alterations in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive neurons within the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMV) were assessed after 7 days of EA at Zusanli (ST36) or omeprazole intervention...

BACKGROUND: The association of hospital market competition, financial costs, and quality of oncologic care has not been well-defined. This study sought to evaluate variations in patient outcomes and financial expenditures after complex cancer surgery across high- and low-competition markets. METHODS: Medicare 100% Standard Analytic Files were used to identify patients with lung, esophageal, gastric, hepatopancreaticobiliary, or colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection between 2018 and 2021...

BACKGROUND: Many gastric cancer patients in Western countries are diagnosed as metastatic with a median overall survival of less than twelve months using standard chemotherapy. Innovative treatments, like targeted therapy or immunotherapy, have recently proved to ameliorate prognosis, but a general agreement on managing oligometastatic disease has yet to be achieved. An international multi-disciplinary workshop was held in Bertinoro, Italy, in November 2022 to verify whether achieving a consensus on at least some topics was possible...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatoduodenectomies are complex surgical procedures with a considerable morbidity and mortality even in high-volume centers. However, postoperative morbidity and long-term oncological outcome are not only affected by the surgical procedure itself, but also by the underlying disease. The aim of our study is an analysis of pancreatoduodenectomies for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and ampullary carcinoma (CAMP) concerning postoperative complications and long-term outcome in a tertiary hospital in Germany...

BACKGROUND: The annual incidence of peptic ulcer disease is estimated to be four million cases worldwide, with an average lifetime risk of 7.5% in individuals of all ages. Polymer nanocomposites have novel prospects in the field of modern medicine. OBJECTIVE: The present research endeavors to assess the therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles composed of silver/chitosan, silver/saponin, and chitosan/saponin against gastric ulcers induced by ethanol in Wistar rats...

PURPOSE: Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) is the most performed bariatric surgery, but a considerable number of patients may require revisional procedures for suboptimal clinical response/recurrence of weight (SCR/RoW). Conversion options include One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) and Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass (SADI). The study aims to compare SADI vs. OAGB as revisional procedures in terms of early and mid-term complications, operative time, postoperative hospital stay and clinical outcomes...

As for other mammals, the digestive system of dogs (facultative carnivores) and cats (obligate carnivores) includes the mouth, teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory digestive organs (salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). These carnivores have a relatively shorter digestive tract but longer canine teeth, a tighter digitation of molars, and a greater stomach volume than omnivorous mammals such as humans and pigs. Both dogs and cats have no detectable or a very low activity of salivary α-amylase but dogs, unlike cats, possess a relatively high activity of pancreatic α-amylase...

UNLABELLED: İntroduction: Today, preoperative fasting guidelines have changed, allowing clear liquid intake up to 1 hour before surgery. However, concerns remain regarding the risk of aspiration associated with clear liquid intake. This study aimed to investigate the impact of clear fluid given 1 hour before surgery on child anxiety and gastric volumes. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled study included 90 patients aged 5-12 years. Group F (n = 30): Standard fasting group...

This study investigated the effect of low-intensity pulsed electric field (PEF) (0.3-0.7 kV/cm) and/or germination (0-72 h, 20 °C) on faba beans prior to flour- and breadmaking. PEF (0.5 and 0.7 kV/cm) had no significant effect on the germination performance of faba bean but had a positive effect on in vitro starch and protein hydrolysis of PEF-treated beans germinated for 72 h. The incorporation of flour from soaked, germinated, PEF-treated, and PEF-treated+germinated faba beans into wheat bread, at 30% mass level, improved the nutritional composition (total starch and protein contents) and protein digestibility but it reduced the specific volume and increased the density, brownness, and hardness of the bread...

The current study was designed to investigate the potential of a synthetic therapeutic agent for better management of pain and inflammation, exhibiting minimal to non-existent ulcerogenic effects. The effect of 1-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl) thiourea was assessed through model systems of nociception and anti-inflammatory activities in mice. In addition, the ulcerogenic potential was evaluated in rats using the NSAID-induced pyloric ligation model, followed by histopathological and biochemical analysis...

BACKGROUND: Gastric varices (GV) with spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS) pose considerable risks and challenges for administering endoscopic cyanoacrylate (CYA) injection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EUS-guided coil embolization in combination with CYA injection compared to conventional endoscopic CYA injection for managing GV with SPSS. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included patients with SPSS treated with either EUS-guided coil embolization in combination with CYA injection or conventional CYA injection for gastric variceal bleeding at Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital (Zhejiang, China) between January 2018 and March 2023...

BACKGROUND: With the provision of a small positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) effect, high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) therapy carries a risk of stomach distension. The present study was conducted to find out the air leak in the gastric antrum leading to gastric distension in adult patients with acute respiratory failure receiving HFNO therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult patients with early hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring HFNO therapy were enrolled in this trial...

Using duodenocolic fistula in rats, this study attempts to highlight the particular cytoprotection aspects of the healing of fistulas and therapy potential of the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, a cytoprotection mediator (i.e. upgrading minor vessels to induce healing at both fistula's sides). Upon duodenocolic fistula creation (two 'perforated' lesions put together) (assessed at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 min), BPC 157, given locally at the fistula, or intragastrically (10 μg/kg, 10 ng/kg), rapidly induces vessel 'recruitment', 'running' toward the defect, simultaneously at duodenum and colon, providing numerous collaterals and branching...

Infection by gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), particularly Haemonchus contortus, can be detrimental to sheep health and performance. Genetic susceptibility to GIN varies between breeds, with those lacking high levels of natural resistance often requiring frequent anthelmintic treatment when facing parasitic challenge. Genetic technology can serve as a tool to decrease GIN susceptibility via selection for sheep with reduced fecal egg count (FEC) estimated breeding values (EBVs). However, the physiological changes that result from implementation of this strategy are not well described...

The transit and distribution pattern of fluids in the small intestine is a key parameter for the dissolution and absorption of drugs. Although some information is known about the small intestinal water content after administration of fluid volumes and meals, the intestinal transit of orally ingested fluids and solutions has been barely investigated. The aim of this three-arm, cross-over, 9-subject human study was to investigate the transit of orally ingested water in the small intestine under fasting and postprandial conditions using MRI...

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhagic shock is characterized by derangements of the gastrointestinal microcirculation. Topical therapy with nitroglycerine or iloprost improves gastric tissue oxygenation but not regional perfusion, probably due to precapillary adrenergic innervation. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the local effect of the parasympathomimetic carbachol alone and in combination with either nitroglycerine or iloprost on gastric and oral microcirculation during hemorrhagic shock...

BACKGROUND: There are patents available related to fermented food and beverages which enhance to human health. Citrus limetta (Mosambi) has a high content of flavonoids and exhibits antioxidant activity, which could stimulate the digestive system and be useful for gastroprotective activity. It supports digestion by neutralizing the acidic digestive juices and reducing gastric acidity. OBJECTIVE: This study explored the potential of using waste peel extract from Citrus limetta to prevent ulcers...