Temperature buffer

To improve the mechanical performance of carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy composites in high-temperature environments, a moderately modulus gradient modulus interlayer was constructed at the interface phase region of composites. This involved the design of a "rigid-flexible" synergistic reinforcement structure, incorporating rigid nanoparticle GO@CNTs and a flexible polymer polynaphthyl ether nitrile ketone onto the CF surface. Notably, at 180 °C, compared to commercial CF composites, the CF-GO@CNTs-PPENK composites displayed a remarkable improvement in their mechanical characteristics (interfacial shear, interlaminar shear, flexural strength, and modulus), achieving enhancements of 173...

Gallium liquid metal is one of the promising phase change materials for passive thermal management of electronics due to their high thermal conductivity and latent heat per volume. However, it suffers from severe supercooling, in which molten gallium does not return to solid due to the lack of nucleation. It may require 28.2 °C lower temperature than the original freezing point to address supercooling, leading to unstable thermal regulation performance along fluctuations of cooling condition. Here, gallium is infused into porous copper in an oxide-free environment, forming intermetallic compound impurities at the interfaces to reduce the activation energy for heterogeneous nucleation...

Utilization of organic phosphates and insoluble phosphates for the gradual generation of plant-available phosphorus (P) is the only sustainable solution for P fertilization. Enzymatic conversions are one of the best sustainable routes for releasing P to soil. Phosphatase enzyme aids in solubilizing organic and insoluble phosphates to plant-available P. We herein report the preparation of highly functional chitosan beads co-immobilized with acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes via a glutaraldehyde linkage...

In recent years, lipophilic bioactive compounds have gained much attention due to their wide range of health-benefiting effects. However, their low solubility and susceptibility to harsh conditions such as high temperatures and oxidation stress have limited their potential application for the development of functional foods and nutraceutical products in the food industry. Nanoencapsulation can help to improve the stability of hydrophobic bioactive compounds and protect these sensitive compounds during food processing conditions, thus overcoming the limitation of their pure use in food products...

PURPOSE: To examine the biofilm formation characteristics of bacteria identified at the genus level in samples obtained from silicone tubes after dacryocystorhinostomy surgery. METHODS: In the study involving consecutive patients who underwent dacryocystorhinostomy surgery at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital and whose silicone tubes were removed six months after surgery, between January 2023 and May 2023; the tubes were placed in glycerol-PBS (phosphate buffered saline) solution and cultured on descriptive selective media at the genus level...

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), leading to a global pandemic. The molecular diagnosis of this virus is mostly performed by collecting upper respiratory samples, which has many disadvantages, including patient discomfort and the need for trained healthcare professionals. Although saliva has emerged as a more comfortable sample, the use of additives to preserve viral RNA is expensive and, in some cases, difficult for self-collection...

Inhalation of welding fumes (WFs) containing high levels of transition metals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni…) is associated with numerous health effects including oxidative stress. However, the measurements of the oxidative potential (OP) and bioaccessibility of WF transition metals depend on several physicochemical parameters and may be subject to several experimental artifacts. In this work, we investigated the influence of the experimental conditions that may affect the bioaccessibility of transition metals and their OP on stainless-steel WF extracts...

DNA methylation and posttranslational modifications of histones instruct gene expression in eukaryotes. Besides canonical histones, histone variants also play a critical role in transcriptional regulation. One of the best studied histone variants in plants is H2A.Z whose removal from gene bodies correlates with increased transcriptional activity. The eviction of H2A.Z is regulated by environmental cues such as increased ambient temperatures, and current models suggest that H2A.Z functions as a transcriptional buffer preventing environmentally responsive genes from undesired activation...

The pace of circadian rhythms remains relatively unchanged across a physiologically relevant range of temperatures, a phenomenon known as temperature compensation. Temperature compensation is a defining characteristic of circadian rhythms, ensuring that clock-regulated processes occur at approximately the same time of day across a wide range of conditions. Despite the identification of several genes involved in the regulation of temperature compensation, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are still not well understood...

Neuromelanin (NM) plays a well-established role in neurological disorders pathogenesis; the mechanism of action is still discussed and the investigations in this field are limited by NM's complex and heterogeneous composition, insolubility, and low availability from human brains. An alternative can be offered by synthetic NM obtained from dopamine (DA) oxidative polymerization; however, a deep knowledge of the influence of both physicochemical parameters (T, pH, ionic strength) and other compounds in the reaction media (buffer, metal ions, other catecholamines) on DA oxidation process and, consequently, on synthetic NM features is mandatory to develop reliable NM preparation methodologies...

To gain insights into the composition and heterogeneity of Earth's interior, the partial pressure of oxygen (oxygen fugacity, or fO2 ) in igneous rocks is characterized. A surprising observation is that relative to reference buffers, fO2 s of mantle melts (mid-ocean ridge basalts, or MORBs) and their presumed mantle sources (abyssal peridotites) differ. Globally, MORBs have near-uniform fO2 s, whereas abyssal peridotites vary by about three orders of magnitude, suggesting these intimately related geologic reservoirs are out of equilibrium...

The COVID-19 pandemic greatly impacted the in vitro diagnostic market, leading to the development of new technologies such as point-of-care testing (POCT), multiplex testing, and digital health platforms. In this study, we present a self-contained microfluidic chip integrated with an internet-of-things (IoT)-based point-of-care (POC) device for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of respiratory viruses. Our platform enables sample-to-answer diagnostics within 70 min by automating RNA extraction, reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), and fluorescence detection...

In our experiment, a trace amount of an organic molecule (M = 1 H -phenalen-1-one, 9-fluorenone, pyridine, or acridine) was seeded into a gas mix consisting of 3% O2 with a rare gas buffer (He or Ar) and then supersonically expanded. We excited the resulting molecular beam with ultraviolet light at either 355 nm (1 H -phenalen-1-one, 9-fluorenone, or acridine) or 266 nm (pyridine) and used resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy to probe for the formation of O2 in the a-1 Δg state, 1 O2 ...

The clinical application of the recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is restricted by its short serum half-life. Herein, site-selective modification of the N-terminus of rhG-CSF with PAL-PEG3 -Ph-CHO was used to develop a long-acting rhG-CSF. The optimized conditions for rhG-CSF modification with PAL-PEG3 -Ph-CHO were: reaction solvent system of 3% (w/v) Tween 20 and 30 mM NaCNBH3 in acetate buffer (20 mmol/L, pH 5.0), molar ratio of PAL-PEG3 -Ph-CHO to rhG-CSF of 6:1, temperature of 20°C, and reaction time of 12 h, consequently, achieving a PAL-PEG3 -Ph-rhG-CSF product yield of 70...

Plants can produce complex pharmaceutical and technical proteins. Spider silk proteins are one example of the latter and can be used, for example, as compounds for high-performance textiles or wound dressings. If genetically fused to elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), the silk proteins can be reversibly precipitated from clarified plant extracts at moderate temperatures of ~ 30 °C together with salt concentrations > 1.5 M, which simplifies purification and thus reduces costs...

In a lyophilized protein/disaccharide system, the ability of the disaccharide to form a homogeneous mixture with the protein and to slow the protein mobility dictates the stabilization potential of the formulation. Human serum albumin was lyophilized with sucrose or trehalose in histidine, phosphate, or citrate buffer. 1 H T1 relaxation times were measured by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and were used to assess the homogeneity and mobility of the samples after zero, six, and twelve months at different temperatures...

The physiological mechanisms of responses to stressors are at the core of ecophysiological studies that examine the limits of an organism's flexibility. Interindividual variability in these physiological responses can be particularly important and lead to differences in the stress response among population groups, which can affect population dynamics. Some observations of intersexual differences in heterothermy raise the question of whether there is a difference in energy management between the sexes. In this study, we assessed male and female differences in mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus), a highly seasonal malagasy primate, by measuring their physiological flexibility in response to caloric restriction and examining the subsequent impact on reproductive success...

Ca-phosphate/-silicate ceramic granules have been widely studied because their biodegradable fillers can enhance bone defect repair accompanied with bioactive ion release and material degradation; however, it is a challenge to endow bioceramic composites with time-dependent ion release and highly efficient osteogenesis in vivo . Herein, we prepared dual-core-type bioceramic granules with varying chemical compositions beneficial for controlling ion release and stimulating osteogenic capability. Core-shell-structured bioceramic granules (P8-Sr4@Zn3, P8-Sr4@TCP, and P8-Sr4@HAR) composed of 8% P- and 4% Sr-substituting wollastonite (P8, Sr4) dual core components and different shell components, such as 3% Zn-substituting wollastonite (Zn3), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), and hardystonite (HAR), were prepared by cutting extruded core-shell fibers through dual-core ternary nozzles, followed by high-temperature sintering post-treatment...

Cu-Cu soldering is realized under certain pressure and low temperature conditions by using a surface silver film to modify the copper microlayer structure, thus solving the problems of high thermal stress and signal delay aggravation caused by high temperature in the traditional reflow soldering process. The copper microlayer modified with silver film is obtained by electrodeposition. The surface substructure of the Cu microlayer is a nano cone-shaped protrusion. The diameter of the bottom of the cone is 500 nm∼1 μm, and the height of the cone is 1∼2 μm...

INTRODUCTION: Gomisin is a natural dibenzo cyclooctene lignan, which is mainly derived from the family Magnoliaceae. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-aging, and hypoglycemic effects. Gomisins play important roles as medicines, nutraceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to establish a micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method for simultaneous separation and determination of seven biphenyl cyclooctene lignans (Gomisin D, E, G, H, J, N, and O) in Schisandra chinensis and its preparations...