Cold injury

BACKGROUND: In organ transplantation, ischemia, and reperfusion injury (IRI) is considered as an inevitable event and the major contributor to graft failure. Ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) is a novel transplant procedure that can prevent IRI and provide better transplant outcomes. However, a large animal model of IFLT has not been reported. Therefore, we develop a new, reproducible, and stable model of IFLT in pigs for investigating mechanisms of IFLT in IRI. METHODS: Ten pigs were subjected to IFLT or conventional liver transplantation (CLT)...

BACKGROUND: Pancreas transplant volumes are limited because of poor utilization of "extended criteria grafts." Prolonged cold ischemia is a risk factor associated with poor allograft survival. We aimed to establish the feasibility of transplantation using grafts subjected to prolonged cold ischemia and determine whether these grafts could be optimized using normothermic ex vivo perfusion (NEVP) in a porcine model. METHODS: The study population consisted of 35 to 40 kg male Yorkshire pigs in an allotransplantation model with a 3-d survival plan for recipients...

Thermosensation, the ability to detect and estimate temperature, is an evolutionarily conserved process that is essential for survival. Thermosensing is impaired in various pain syndromes, resulting in thermal allodynia, the perception of an innocuous temperature as painful, or thermal hyperalgesia, an exacerbated perception of a painful thermal stimulus. Several behavioral assays exist to study thermosensation and thermal pain in rodents, however, most rely on reflexive withdrawal responses or the subjective quantification of spontaneous nocifensive behaviors...

BACKGROUND: One of the limiting factors for vascularized composite allograft (VCA) storage is the short viable ischemic time (4-6 hours). Hypothermic machine perfusion (MP) enables near-physiological preservation, avoiding the deleterious effects of hypoxia and static cooling. This study aims to compare muscle injury after 24-hour acellular perfusion with static cold storage (SCS) in a porcine limb replantation model, examining outcomes for up to 7 days after reperfusion. METHODS: Sixteen procured porcine forelimbs were perfused hypothermic for 24 hours with Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK, n=8) or preserved on ice for 4 hours (SCS, n=8) before orthotopic replantation...

Endometriosis surgery involving the ureter poses significant challenges requiring meticulous surgical techniques and vigilant postoperative care. This chapter addresses key aspects of ureterolysis techniques, intraoperative management of ureteral injuries, and postoperative care in the context of endometriosis surgery. Ureterolysis methods aim to isolate and mobilize the ureter while preserving its vascularity. Cold instruments and careful dissection are recommended to prevent thermal injury during surgery...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of neuropathic pain is progressively increasing over time. The activation of M1-type microglia plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of neuropathic pain. Huangqin Decoction (HQD) is traditionally used to alleviate dysentery and abdominal pain. However, it remains unclear whether HQD can effectively mitigate neuropathic pain and the underlying mechanisms. PURPOSE: The present study aims to investigate the impact of HQD on neuropathic pain induced by spared nerve injury (SNI) in mice, and to elucidate whether the analgesic effect of HQD is associated with microglia polarization...

Temporal phases of wound healing and their corresponding healing factors are essential in wound regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) accelerate wound healing via their paracrine secretions by enhancing cell migration, angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation. This study evaluated the local therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) in the healing of cold-induced burn wounds. An in vitro wound (scratch) was developed in rat skin fibroblasts. The culture was maintained in the conditioned medium (CM) which was prepared by inducing an artificial wound in hUCMSCs in a separate experiment...

With an increasing number of marginal donors, additional methods for the evaluation of cadaveric kidney quality are required. This study aimed to evaluate pretransplant deceased donor serum (s) and urine (u) biomarkers, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), interleukin-18, and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) for predicting early and late graft function. In total, 43 deceased kidney donors and 76 corresponding recipients were enrolled. Delayed graft function (DGF) occurred in 27...

Winter sprouting potential and red rot resistance are two key parameters for successful sugarcane breeding in the subtropics. However, the cultivated sugarcane hybrids had a narrow genetic base; hence, the present study was planned to evaluate the Erianthus procerus genome introgressed Saccharum hybrids for their ratooning potential under subtropical climates and red rot tolerance under tropical and subtropical climates. A set of 15 Erianthus procerus derived hybrids confirmed through the 5S rDNA marker, along with five check varieties, were evaluated for agro-morphological, quality, and physiological traits for two years (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) and winter sprouting potential for three years (2018-2019, 2019-2020, and 2020-2021)...

Fresh-cut processing is a good strategy to enhance the commercialization of peaches and nectarines, which easily deteriorate during low-temperature storage mostly due to the occurrence of chilling injury. Although several studies have been performed to improve the shelf-life of fresh-cut stone fruit, the achievement of high-quality fresh-cut peaches and nectarines still constitutes a challenge. The present study aimed to gain insights into the evolution of the postharvest quality of fresh-cut nectarines ( Prunus persica L...

Organs cryopreserved by vitrification are exposed to the lowest possible concentration of cryoprotectants for the least time necessary to successfully avoid ice formation. Faster cooling and warming rates enable lower concentrations and perfusion times, reducing toxicity. Since warming rates necessary to avoid ice formation during recovery from vitrification are typically faster than cooling rates necessary for vitrification, warming speed is a major determining factor for successful vitrification. Dielectric warming uses an oscillating electric field to directly heat water and cryoprotectant molecules inside organs to achieve warming that's faster and more uniform than can be achieved by heat conduction from the organ surface...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cymbopogon (Poaceae) plants have been used for various purposes by many indigenous peoples in all continents. In particular, almost all species in the genus have traditionally been used as folk medicine to treat ailments. Traditional application records indicated that Cymbopogon might be used extensively to treat cold, dizziness, headache, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, rheumatism, diarrhea, whole grass for cold, sore throat, tracheitis and others. AIMS OF THE REVIEW: Despite several research confirmed that Cymbopogon includes a range of active components, no review has been undertaken to consolidate information on its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and/or quality control...

INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are chronic, immune-mediated skin disorders that are disqualifying for entrance into the military. Both conditions can cause difficulty wearing body armor and other protective equipment when poorly controlled, limiting a service member's ability to train and deploy worldwide. In addition, these conditions may be exacerbated by military service because of increased exposure to austere environments, extreme temperatures, stress, skin injury, bug bites, and vaccinations Service members have limited treatment options because of restrictions on systemic medications that can be used while deployed...

BACKGROUND: Heart transplant (HT) in recipients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is associated with poor early post-HT outcomes, including primary graft dysfunction (PGD). As complicated heart explants in recipients with LVADs may produce longer ischemic times, innovations in donor heart preservation may yield improved post-HT outcomes. The SherpaPak Cardiac Transport System is an organ preservation technology that maintains donor heart temperatures between 4 °C and 8 °C, which may minimize ischemic and cold-induced graft injuries...

BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an important cause of early dysfunction and exacerbation of immune rejection in transplanted hearts. The integrin-related protein CD47 exacerbates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the nitric oxide signaling pathway through interaction with thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In addition, the preservation quality of the donor hearts is a key determinant of transplant success. Preservation duration beyond four hours is associated with primary graft dysfunction...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim. has been used traditionally in Asia. It can dispel wind and cold, tonify the kidney, and strengthen bones and tendons. However, adverse effects of E. sagittatum have been reported, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate liver injury caused by an aqueous extract of E. sagittatum in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice and explore its potential mechanisms...

BACKGROUND: Hypothermic liver perfusion decreases ischemia/reperfusion injury during hepatectomy under standard total vascular exclusion (TVE) of the liver. This surgery needs venovenous bypass and is hampered by high morbi-mortality. TVE preserving the inferior vena cava (IVC) flow is hemodynamically well tolerated but remains limited in duration when performed under liver normothermia. The objective of this study was to report the results of TVE preserving the caval flow, modified to allow hypothermic liver perfusion and obviate splanchnic congestion...

The human health consequences of climate change and extreme weather events are well documented. Published literature details the unique effects and necessary adaptation planning for people with physical disabilities in general; however, the specific impacts and plans for people with limb loss have yet to be explored. In this article, we discuss the impacts related to threats due to heat, cold, severe storms, and power outages. We describe how climate change uniquely affects people with limb loss and underscore the need for rehabilitation care providers and researchers to: (1) study the health impacts of climate change on people with lower limb loss; (2) educate themselves and patients on the climate crisis and climate preparedness; (3) co-develop resiliency strategies with patients, governments, and community organizations to improve adaptive capacity; and (4) advocate for policy changes that will enact protections for this at-risk population...

This article examines the care provided for the welfare of soldiers by the three combatant countries - China, Korea and Japan - during the East Asian War of 1592-8. Also known as the Imjin War, this large-scale military conflict can also be understood as an encounter between different state cultures and strategies of military medicine. This study focuses on cold-induced injuries, epidemic outbreaks and external wounds suffered during the war. I illuminate provision of prophylactic measures against cold by the Ming state, as well as attempts by the Sino-Chosŏn medical alliance to manage epidemics and treat wounded soldiers...

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal sepsis is a devastating inflammatory condition that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Milk fat globule-EGF-factor VIII (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein that reduces inflammation, whereas extracellular cold-inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) worsens inflammation. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of a novel MFG-E8-derived oligopeptide 3 (MOP3) designed to clear eCIRP and protect against inflammation, organ injury, and mortality in neonatal sepsis...