Nasal Fractures

Maxillofacial fractures with the nasal/skull base fractures may preclude nasotracheal intubation, and oro-tracheal intubation may obstruct surgical access. In these cases, submental intubation is a safe and well-accepted alternative, associated with low morbidity and complication rate. We report a case of one such rare complication, wherein following submental intubation, the patient presented with a sublingual sialocele, associated with dilatation of the submandibular duct with surrounding fibrosis. The secondary sublingual sialocele we encountered could have been due to errors in the technique of submental intubation...

Facial bone fractures are relatively common, with the nasal bone the most frequently fractured facial bone. Computed tomography is the gold standard for diagnosing such fractures. Most nasal bone fractures can be treated using a closed reduction. However, delayed diagnosis may cause nasal deformity or other complications that are difficult and expensive to treat. In this study, the authors developed an algorithm for diagnosing nasal fractures by learning computed tomography images of facial bones with artificial intelligence through deep learning...

INTRODUCTION: ENTUK guidelines recommend that manipulation of nasal bones (MNB) should be performed within 14 days of injury. However, evidence suggests treatment under general anaesthetic remains effective up to 5 weeks after injury. With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic leading to delays in referral and limited access to theatre, local practice changed to offer delayed MNB under local anaesthetic. This prospective study assesses the effectiveness of MNB delayed until 3 weeks or later from time of injury when performed mostly under local anaesthetic...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, facial feminization surgery (FFS) has gained increasing popularity because of increases in transgender individuals and the acceptance of diversity in gender identity. However, there is still a scarcity of anthropometric research to guide evidence-based practices for FFS in Taiwan. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to provide a reference for surgeons to achieve optimal outcomes for patients undergoing FFS. The anthropometric analysis could help surgeons meet patients' specific requirements and improve patients' alignment with their gender identity...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: To report adult patients with an orbital trapdoor fracture with extraocular muscle entrapment. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 566 adult patients (>18 years) with a pure orbital fracture who were referred to us from January 2016 to May 2023. The following data were collected: age, sex, affected side, causes of injury, concomitant ocular injury and nasal bone fracture, presence or absence of oculocardiac reflex and infraorbital nerve hypesthesia, period from injury to surgery, follow-up period, and pre- and postoperative limitation of extraocular muscle motility and fields of a binocular single vision...

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) defines a difficult airway as a clinical situation in which a physician who is trained in anesthesiology experiences difficulty or fails in either face mask ventilation, laryngoscopy, using a supraglottic airway, tracheal intubation, extubation, or front-of-neck airway. Classically, this has been defined in relation to anatomic factors, but the concept of a physiologically difficult airway has been growing in relevance, in which physiologic factors, such as hypoxemia and hypercapnia, act to reduce safe apnea times...

BACKGROUND: The clinical characteristics of pediatric nasal fractures can vary depending on the child's age, social activities, and environment. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze these characteristics in different age groups. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed of a series of patients aged under 12 years who received treatment between 2013 and 2021. The initial study design involved dividing the patients into four age groups, corresponding to different developmental ages, but there were no cases in infants aged 0 to 1 year...

The optimal timing of rhinoplasty for patients with nasal bone fractures remains controversial. We investigated whether the timing of rhinoplasty after nasal trauma affects the aesthetic outcome of the procedure. A total of 41 adult patients with nasal bone fractures who underwent rhinoplasty between 2006 and 2021 were enrolled in this study. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to indicate the assessor's satisfaction with the surgical outcome after a comparison of the pre- and postoperative facial photographs of each patient...

BACKGROUND: Patients suffering from major traumatic injuries frequently require emergency anaesthesia. Due to often compromised physiology and the time-sensitive management, trauma patients may be more prone to desaturate during induction of anaesthesia. We hypothesised that pre-oxygenation using high-flow nasal oxygen would decrease the risk of desaturation during induction of anaesthesia in trauma patients and the study therefore aimed to compare the frequency of desaturation when pre-oxygenation was performed with high-flow nasal oxygen or a traditional facemask...

BACKGROUND: Both Strontium Ranelate (SR) and Calcitonin (CT) can be used to treat osteoporosis. Calcitonin was actually one of the very initial medicines used to treat osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal cases. However, the fracture prevention effect of Calcitonin is only proven to be in vertebrae and that too with nasal route only. When comparing Calcitonin with other conventional medications in treating osteoporosis, Calcitonin has got no additional advantages. Strontium Ranelate has got double effect, i...

PURPOSE: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the use of imaging in the management of nasal fracture in adults and determine if imaging is beneficial to clinical decision making when planning for surgery. A secondary objective of this study is to compare surgical rates for nasal fracture between pediatric and adult populations. METHODS: This is a retrospective case-control study of 357 patients seen at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center from January 2015 through January 2020 with a diagnosis of nasal fracture...

Orbital emphysema commonly resolves with no morbidity. However, sight-threatening complications, such as central retinal artery occlusion and ischemic optic neuropathy, may occur, which can result in poor visual outcomes. Plain skull X-ray, which is widely available, is a useful tool in identifying orbital emphysema. We report a case of a 29-year-old gentleman with underlying allergic rhinitis who presented with a painless, progressively increasing periorbital swelling of the right eye, which was aggravated by nose blowing...

<p>Airbag induced injuries such as skull and cervical spine fractures, epidural and subdural hematomas, atlantooccipital dislocations or brainstem lacerations are already documented in published literature, however, no previous case have been published about a penetrating foreign body of the skull base following airbag deployment. Removal of an intracranial foreign body is very dangerous and difficult, or even if it possible and necessary, requires open surgery in most of the cases. In this article we present the minimal invasive, transnasal removal of a coin from the intracranial, frontobasal region using high-resolution endoscopy combined with image-guided navigation...

BACKGROUND: The zygomatic complex is the second most common fracture of the facial bones after the nasal bone. The prominent convex shape of the zygoma makes it vulnerable to traumatic injury. Diplopia is one of the serious complications of zygomatic complex fracture and is a common subjective complaint. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of diplopia in zygomatic complex fractures. Methodology . A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ward, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan...

INTRODUCTION: Orbital wall fractures that may develop in maxillofacial traumas (MFTs) may cause ophthalmic complications (OCs). The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of orbital fractures (OFs) accompanying MFTs and findings suspicious for orbital traumatic involvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Computed tomography (CT) images of 887 patients who presented to the emergency department within a 1-year period with a history of MFT were retrospectively scanned...

BACKGROUND: Orbital wall fractures can result in changes to the bony orbital volume and soft tissue. Restoring the bony orbital and intraconal fat volumes is crucial to prevent posttraumatic enophthalmos and hypoglobus. We aimed to establish an evidence-based medical reference point for "mirroring" in orbital wall reconstruction, which incorporates three-dimensional (3D)-printing and navigation-assisted surgery, by comparing bilateral bony orbital volumes. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data obtained from 100 Korean adults who did not have orbital wall fractures, categorized by age groups...

This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of closed reduction of different types of nasal bone fractures depending on time between onset of injury and reduction and comparing the outcomes of early closed reduction (within 6 h) of nasal bone fracture with late closed reduction (after 2 weeks). A hospital based Prospective cohort type of study was conducted among cases of nasal bone fracture attending the outpatient department of Otorhinolaryngology at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai during the months of August 2021 to January 2022...

This study introduces a method to overcome technical challenges in using intraoperative ultrasound for the closed reduction of nasal bone and zygomatic arch fractures. The curvature of the face makes it difficult to apply an ultrasound probe to the facial area. We used a solid gel pad as a coupling medium during surgery to improve the scanning of facial bone fractures. The results show that the fracture sites observed on preoperative computed tomography scans can be easily visualized using intraoperative ultrasound, and real-time manipulation confirms successful reduction...

BACKGROUND: Correction of the crooked nose, especially the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, has the potential to cause skull base injury. At present, the safe and effective method for perpendicular plate resection has not been clearly defined through biomechanics. METHOD: CT scan data of 48 patients with crooked nose and deviated nasal septum were divided into C-type, angular deformity-type, and S-type based on the morphology of the 3D model. Different types of finite element models of the nasal bony septum and skull base were established...