puerperal fever

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of pyomyoma, a serious complication of the uterine leiomyoma, in a postpartum woman. As the occurrence of pyomyoma in association with pregnancy is rather rare, a brief literature review of the condition in pregnant women is provided. CASE REPORT: A 41-year-old woman was found to have pyomyoma following persistent fever during the postpartum period of a first-time vaginal delivery. Her pregnancy course was complicated by preterm labor, for which the patient had received tocolysis since 30-week gestation...

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) associated with pregnancy and puerperium has long been recognized, with poor information in terms of functional outcomes. Our objective was to analyze risk factors, clinical, imaging, and laboratory variables to predict functional outcome and death in this population. METHODS: CVT registries from three referral centers from Pakistan, Turkey, and Mexico, recruiting prospective cases, were combined for CVT associated with pregnancy or puerperium...

BACKGROUND: Mothers giving birth by non-elective cesarean section have considerably higher risk of developing postoperative infection, than mothers giving birth by elective cesarean section. Meta-analyses have shown that the risk of infection is reduced when administering antibiotics at least 30 min prior to skin incision rather than after cord clamping. If given prior to incision, antibiotics are present in the neonatal bloodstream for up to 24 h after delivery, with early exposure to antibiotics potentially disturbing development of the gut microbiome...

OBJECTIVE: Due to the lack of resources for culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing in most underdeveloped countries, puerperal sepsis is treated empirically with a wide range of antibiotics. Empirical treatment, on the other hand, does not ensure treatment effectiveness and may even contribute to antibiotic resistance. So, we studied cases of puerperal sepsis, its socio-demographic factors, bacterial isolates, and antibiotic sensitivity in a tertiary health center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary health center in India from April 2019 to September 2020...

Handwashing is a simple method for preventing the spread of pathogens. It is now common practice, but this was not always the case. Advocating for it often costed a doctor his career in the 1840s. Hospitals in the early 1800s had little idea of the significance of hygiene; thus, they were often mocked as disease-producing incubators or as "houses of death." Many of the ill and dying were kept on wards with no ventilation or access to clean water; hospitals were found to offer only the most basic care. The mortality rate for patients admitted to hospital was three to five times greater than that for individuals cared for at home...

Subarachnoid hemorrhage, a potentially lethal medical emergency, represents an atypical clinical manifestation of gestational choriocarcinoma. We present the uncommon case of a 31-year-old primigravid female who presented with cerebral oncotic aneurysmal rupture, five weeks after vaginal delivery. Albeit the absence of neurological deficits after endovascular embolization, the patient was soon readmitted, complaining of fever, abdominal pain, and fetid lochia, all suggestive of puerperal endometritis. Upon a comprehensive diagnostic work-up, she was subsequently diagnosed with metastatic choriocarcinoma...

BACKGROUND: Description of the condition Malaria, an infectious disease transmitted by the bite of female mosquitoes from several Anopheles species, occurs in 87 countries with ongoing transmission (WHO 2020). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that, in 2019, approximately 229 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide, with 94% occurring in the WHO's African region (WHO 2020). Of these malaria cases, an estimated 409,000 deaths occurred globally, with 67% occurring in children under five years of age (WHO 2020)...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence, indications, and maternal outcomes of emergency peripartum hysterectomy at a tertiary setting in Ethiopia MATERIAL AND METHODS: A four-years retrospective review of emergency peripartum hysterectomy cases was conducted at St.Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College(Ethiopia), from January 2016 to December 2019. Data were collected by reviewing maternal charts of EPH cases using a structured data extraction format. StataCorp. 2015. Stata Statistical Software: release 14...

Objective: To report on the clinical considerations for and management of ovarian vein thrombophlebitis (OVT). OVT is an element of septic pelvic thrombophlebitis (SPT). OVT is a relatively uncommon cause of postpartum fever. It manifests in approximately 0.01-0.02% of vaginal deliveries and 0.1% of caesarean births. A delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to potentially fatal complications. Case Presentation: A 38-year-old woman presented to the hospital with a fever and dyspnoea...

Group A Streptococcus (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes ) is a facultative gram-positive coccus, uncommonly colonizing parturient genitalia, where its presence can potentially lead to a life-threatening invasive infection after delivery. GAS infection typically occurs within the first 4 days post-partum and is characterized by high fever, chills, flashing, abdominal pain, and uterine tenderness. Nonetheless, patients with GAS puerperal sepsis may have an unusual presentation, when fever is absent, and the symptoms and signs can be mild, non-specific, and not indicative of the severity of infection...

The question of whether SARS-CoV-2 is mainly transmitted by droplets or aerosols has been highly controversial. We sought to explain this controversy through a historical analysis of transmission research in other diseases. For most of human history, the dominant paradigm was that many diseases were carried by the air, often over long distances and in a phantasmagorical way. This miasmatic paradigm was challenged in the mid to late 19th century with the rise of germ theory, and as diseases such as cholera, puerperal fever, and malaria were found to actually transmit in other ways...

Puerperal sepsis is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Awareness of local terminology for its signs and symptoms may improve communication about this illness, what actions to take when symptoms appear, timely care seeking, and clinical outcomes. This formative research aimed to improve recognition and management of postpartum sepsis in Pakistan by eliciting local terms used for postpartum illnesses and symptoms. We conducted 32 in-depth interviews with recently delivered women, their relatives, traditional birth attendants, and health care providers to explore postpartum experiences...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: More than five million individuals died because of problems connected to COVID-19. SARS-Cov-2 poses a particular challenge to expectant mothers, who comprise one of the most vulnerable segments of the population. Our aim is to demonstrate the maternal and neonatal safety of the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), Embase, Ovid, MedRxiv, and BioRxiv databases from inception till December 2021 and then updated it in April 2022...

UNLABELLED: Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a relatively rare, but serious disease more commonly seen in puerperal patients. In the postpartum period, there is an unequal incidence of OVT in women with vaginal delivery (0.18%) and caesarean section (2.0%). OVT is usually associated with other conditions like pelvic inflammatory disease, malignant tumours, sepsis, enteritis, and recent pelvic or abdominal surgery. The incidence of idiopathic OVT is extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported to date in healthy patients with unknown aetiology...

BACKGROUND: Globally, peripartum or puerperal infections account for about one tenth of maternal mortality, most of which occur in low income countries. Therefore, vaginal preparation with an antiseptic prior to a caesarean delivery could be considered an additional measure to prevent subsequent infectious morbidities. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate vaginal preparation with 0.3% chlorhexidine solution in the prevention of endometritis, surgical site infection and post-operative fever following emergency caesarean section...

Louis Pasteur is the most internationally known French scientist. He discovered molecular chirality, and he contributed to the understanding of the process of fermentation, helping brewers and winemakers to improve their beverages. He proposed a process, known as pasteurization, for the sterilization of wines. He established the germ theory of infectious diseases that allowed Joseph Lister to develop his antiseptic practice in surgery. He solved the problem of silkworm disease, although he had refuted the idea of Antoine Béchamp, who first considered it was a microbial infection...

BACKGROUND: XXX OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to demonstrate that vaginal cleansing with a 4% chlorhexidine solution before cesarean delivery in patients with a history of rupture of membranes prevents postoperative infectious complications (endometritis, surgical site infections). STUDY DESIGN: A total of 204 patients with premature rupture of membranes or who were in labor for more than 6 hours after membranes ruptured were randomized before a cesarean delivery to preoperative vaginal cleansing with a chlorhexidine solution (n=97 patients) or to placebo cleansing with saline solution (n=107 patients)...

BACKGROUND: Puerperal sepsis (PP sepsis) is a leading cause of maternal mortality globally. The majority of maternal sepsis cases and deaths occur at home and remain undiagnosed and under-reported. In this paper, we present findings from a nested case-control study in Bangladesh and Pakistan which sought to assess the validity of community health worker (CHW) identification of PP sepsis using a clinical diagnostic algorithm with physician assessment and classification used as the gold standard...

BACKGROUND: Puerperal fever and erysipelas were common Streptococcal infections of the 18th and 19th centuries which caused extensive nosocomial outbreaks. With dramatic clinical presentations and high-mortality, physicians struggled to understand and prevent them. Three infection prevention and control (IPC) pioneers (Gordon, Holmes and Semmelweis) in the pre-antibiotic and pre-epidemiology era made significant discoveries. Although much has been written of their breakthroughs, this has been selective and at times misinterpreted...

BACKGROUND: Malaria elimination in Brazil poses several challenges, including the control of Plasmodium falciparum foci and the hidden burden of Plasmodium vivax in pregnancy. Maternal malaria and fetal health outcomes were investigated with a perinatal surveillance study in the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre state, Brazilian Amazon. The research questions are: what are the causal effects of low birth weight on low Apgar at 5-min and of perinatal anaemia on stillbirth? METHODS: From November 2018 to October 2019, pregnant women of ≥ 22 weeks or puerperal mothers, who delivered at the referral maternity hospital (Juruá Women and Children's Hospital), were recruited to participate in a malaria surveillance study...