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INTRODUCTION: Neuropsychological deficits in areas of Executive Functioning (EF), theory of mind, and central coherence have been well-documented among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, there remains a significant gap in knowledge with regards to neuropsychological profile in adults with ASD. This study aims to investigate the intellectual functioning and neuropsychological profiles of a clinical population of adults with ASD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 40 available autistic individuals referred to an adult developmental disorders clinic at a hospital between 2021 and 2022...

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is an endourological method applied as the standard or tubeless method for kidney stone treatment. In a retrospective cohort study, 88 surgery units involving 75 children up to 18 years old with kidney stones who underwent the surgery for 8 years in Shahid Beheshti and Boo-ali hospitals in Hamadan with one of the two methods of standard or tubeless PCNL were evaluated and compared considering the success rate of operation, hemoglobin, hematocrit drop, need for medications, need for blood transfusion, duration of surgery, and the length of hospital stay...

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan parasite of Leishmania genus and is a complex disease affecting mostly tropical regions of the world. Unfortunately, despite the extensive effort made, there is no vaccine available for human use. Undoubtedly, a comprehensive understanding of the host-vector-parasite interaction is substantial for developing an effective prophylactic vaccine. Recently the role of sandfly saliva on disease progression has been uncovered which can make a substantial contribution in vaccine design...

The standard androgen deprivation therapy for advanced prostate cancer includes the use of bicalutamide, which is a well-known antagonist of androgen receptors. Despite numerous benefits of the drugs in prostate cancer treatment, there is always a risk of developing a resistant phenotype, which paves the way for a more aggressive and low-survival type of prostate cancer. Over the years, many studies have investigated the candidate mechanisms of such resistance and have managed to find possible therapeutic solutions...

In this, a three-component reaction for the preparation of novel tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide derivatives from N,N'-(sulfonylbis(1,4-phenylene))bis(3-oxobutanamide), aldehydes and 1H-tetrazol-5-amine is reported. The application of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -(PP)(HSO4 )2 (A) as a catalyst afforded the desired products (a1 -a18 ) in high yields in DMF as solvent as well as under solvent-free conditions.

Middle East is a diverse and developing exotic animal market. Undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing professional development (CPD) education are noticeably absent except in few countries. Avian species are the most commonly kept due to traditional falconry or aviculture. Small mammal and reptile pet numbers are increasing. Endangered wildlife is still illegally kept and trafficked. Common diseases are similar to other continents related heavily with poor diet and husbandry due to uneducated, financially restrained, and prejudiced owners...

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of oral theophylline on stent-related syndrome (SRS) after Double-J insertion. BACKGROUND: Double-J stent is widely using in many urological procedures. Infection, hematuria, and discomfort are some of common complication after stenting. Theophylline is a dimethylated xanthine that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. To relaxing effect of theophylline on smooth muscles and its effects on the urinary system, it seems it could reduce complications after inserting Double-J stent especially ureteral stent syndrome...

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BACKGROUND: There are few studies providing a more comprehensive picture of advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) systems in clinical practice. The aim was to evaluate the effects of the AHCL systems, Tandem® t: slim X2™ with Control IQ™, and MiniMed™ 780G, on glucose control, safety, treatment satisfaction, and practical barriers for individuals with type 1 diabetes. METHOD: One hundred forty-two randomly selected adults with type 1 diabetes at six diabetes outpatient clinics in Sweden at any time treated with either the Tandem Control IQ (TCIQ) or the MiniMed 780G system were included...

BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) has a multifactorial etiology. Vitamin E and vitamin D play an important role in lung development and can potentially be beneficial in the prevention of BPD. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare the risk of BPD occurrence in preterm neonates supplemented with vitamin D or E versus those who did not get supplementation. METHODS: The literature search was conducted for this systematic review by searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to December 2022...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic Cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant tumors and highly invasive neoplasms around the world. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to study the relationship between the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and the incidence and mortality of PC. METHODS: The electronic search was conducted systematically until October 10, 2023. in databases, including Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase...

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affects millions of individuals worldwide. In severe cases, it can cause life-threatening conditions such as left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction, mitral regurgitation (MR), and sudden cardiac death, making surgical treatment necessary. This study aimed to report the long-term outcomes of HCM patients undergoing septal myectomy or mitral valve replacement (MVR) and compare the results between different types of surgeries. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study on HCM patients who underwent surgical treatment in an Iranian referral center between 2005 and 2021...

OBJECTIVES: MicroRNAs, which are micro-coordinators of gene expression, have been recently investigated as a potential treatment for cancer. The study used computational techniques to identify microRNAs that could target a set of genes simultaneously. Due to their multi-target-directed nature, microRNAs have the potential to impact multiple key pathways and their pathogenic cross-talk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified microRNAs that target a prostate cancer-associated gene set using integrated bioinformatics analyses and experimental validation...

Objectives: Video capillaroscopy is a diagnostic method for evaluating microvascular changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated microvascular changes, including microvascular architecture, capillary distribution (morphology and density), and angiogenesis conditions in T2DM patients via video capillaroscopy. Methods: A total of 256 patients with T2DM enrolled in this study. Based on electromyography (EMG)-nerve conduction velocity results, patients were divided into patients with normal and abnormal EMG...

BACKGROUND: As the use of electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and computers continues to rise globally, concerns have been raised about their potential impact on human health. Exposure to high energy visible (HEV) blue light, emitted from digital screens, particularly the so-called artificial light at night (ALAN), has been associated with adverse health effects, ranging from disruption of circadian rhythms to cancer. Breast cancer incidence rates are also increasing worldwide...

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) may happen following percutaneous coronary intervention and angiography. However, no reports of INO during radial artery angioplasty were reported yet. We report a rare case in a 47-year-old man presenting with diplopia after radial artery angioplasty. Although the symptoms were resolved after 60 days, diagnosing this obstacle is necessary to reduce the patient and physician's anxiety.

This experiment aimed to assess the effects of ultrasound techniques on the quality of Iranian industrial honey. Honey samples were subjected to ultrasound waves at different frequencies and various parameters. The results showed that both ultrasound treatments (30 or 42 kHz) changed the physical, biochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial characteristics of honey. Ultrasound treatments at 20 or 45°C for 1, 5, or 10 min reduced moisture, acidity, sugars, ABTS levels, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content, clostridium, aerobic mesophilic bacteria count, and osmophile count while increasing diastase, phenol, and proline levels...

Today, microbial contamination in food is one of the major problems of the food industry and public health in general around the world. Foodborne illnesses, such as diarrheal diseases, kill many people around the world each year. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of sodium alginate nanoemulsion coating incorporated with oregano essential oil ( Origanum vulgare L.) and Trachyspermum ammi oil ( Carum cupticum ) on Escherichia coli , and Listeria monocytogenes ...

Road traffic injuries present a significant public health burden, especially in developing countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized global evidence on motorcycle helmet use prevalence by including 299 records across 249 articles involving 5,006,476 participants from 1982 to 2022. The findings revealed a declining trend in helmet use prevalence over the past four decades, with an overall prevalence of 48.71%. The meta-regression analysis did not find any statistically significant change in the overall prevalence...

Objectives . This study aimed to investigate the effects of separate and concurrent exposure to occupational noise and hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) on auditory and cognitive attention. Methods . The experimental study was conducted with 40 construction workers who were exposed to noise (A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level of 90 dB) and to HTV (10 m/s2 at 31.5 Hz), and concurrent exposure to both for 30 min under simulated work with vibrating equipment used in construction. Cognitive performance aspects were then evaluated from each individual in two pre-exposure and post-exposure settings for each session...