TDCS and connectivity

This study embarks on a comprehensive investigation of the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)-based neuromodulation in augmenting steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), alongside exploring pertinent electroencephalography (EEG) biomarkers for assessing brain states and evaluating tDCS efficacy. EEG data were garnered across three distinct task modes (eyes open, eyes closed, and SSVEP stimulation) and two neuromodulation patterns (sham-tDCS and anodal-tDCS)...

INTRODUCTION: Despite its high lifetime prevalence rate and the elevated disability caused by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), treatments exhibit modest efficacy. In consideration of the abnormal connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and amygdala in PTSD, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) addressing the efficacy of different noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) modalities for PTSD management have been undertaken. However, previous RCTs have reported inconsistent results...

Right hemisphere stroke patients frequently present with a combination of lateralised and non-lateralised attentional deficits characteristic of the neglect syndrome. Attentional deficits are associated with poor functional outcome and are challenging to treat, with non-lateralised deficits often persisting into the chronic stage and representing a common complaint among patients and families. In this study, we investigated the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on non-lateralised attentional deficits in right-hemispheric stroke...

Non-invasive brain stimulations have drawn attention in remediating memory decline in older adults. However, it remains unclear regarding the cognitive and neural mechanisms underpinning the neurostimulation effects on memory rehabilitation. We evaluated the intervention effects of 2-weeks of neurostimulations (high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, HD-tDCS, and electroacupuncture, EA versus controls, CN) on brain activities and functional connectivity during a working memory task in normally cognitive older adults (age 60+, n = 60)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Impaired inhibitory control accompanied by enhanced craving is hallmark of addiction. This study investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on response inhibition and craving in Internet gaming disorder (IGD). We examined the brain changes after tDCS and their correlation with clinical variables. METHODS: Twenty-four males with IGD were allocated randomly to an active or sham tDCS group, and data from 22 participants were included for analysis...

OBJECTIVE: A third of patients with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite receiving adequate antiseizure medication. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) might be a viable adjunct treatment option, having been shown to reduce epileptic seizures in patients with focal epilepsy. Evidence for the use of tDCS in genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) is scarce. We aimed to establish the feasibility of applying tDCS during fMRI in patients with GGE to study the acute neuromodulatory effects of tDCS, particularly on sensorimotor network activity...

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive neuromodulation is a promising intervention for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), although its neurobiological mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that abnormalities in the connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) and the supplementary motor area (SMA) with other brain regions and networks are involved in OCD pathophysiology. We examined if transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) alters these connectivity patterns and if they correlate with symptom improvement in treatment-resistant OCD...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated how high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) affects brain signal variability and functional connectivity in the trigeminal pain pathway, and their association with changes in migraine attacks. METHODS: Twenty-five episodic migraine patients were randomized for ten daily sessions of active or sham M1 HD-tDCS. Resting-state blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal variability and seed-based functional connectivity were assessed pre- and post-treatment...

OBJECTIVES: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with aerobic exercise (tDCS-AE) effectively reduces fatigue in patients with fibromyalgia. However, no study has assessed this method in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with significant fatigue. Therefore, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of tDCS-AE for significant fatigue symptoms in adult female SLE patients. METHODS: This randomised, sham-controlled, double-blind study included 25 patients with SLE in remission or low disease activity (SLEDAI-2K £4) and with significant fatigue [≥36 points on the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) or ≥38 points on the Modified Fatigue Scale (MFIS)]...

Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is a commonly overlooked symptom that impacts daily functioning and quality of life. It is caused by altered functional connectivity within the brain networks, which can potentially be influenced by neuromodulation. Multiple cortical regions have been targeted to reduce PSF, but the most efficient ones remain uncertain. Therefore, we aim to identify the most appropriate cortical stimulation site to reduce PSF. Twenty participants with PSF will be included in this cross-over trial. Each participant will receive one session of active anodal high definition- transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over three different cortical areas and one session of sham tDCS in a cross-over manner, with a two-week of washout period in between...

Mechanical problems like break or crack in Luer connectors or hubs, clamps, and tubings are common non-infectious complications of tunneled dialysis catheters (TDC), which may lead to other TDC complications and the need to insert a new catheter. These can be tackled using TDC repair kits or spare parts, which are often not available, resulting in the insertion of a new TDC that increases morbidity, TDC-related procedures, and healthcare costs. We discuss two cases of broken Luer connections of TDC, which were managed by exchanging the broken Luer connector of TDC with the similar Luer connector of a temporary dialysis catheter...

INTRODUCTION: Anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive, low-cost and environment-friendly brain neuromodulation technique that increases cortical excitability. In post-stroke aphasia, the role of the right hemisphere in language recovery remains debated. In this preliminary study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of excitatory tDCS on the right hemisphere in chronic aphasic patients. METHODS: We applied anodal tDCS to the right homologous region of Broca's area in four chronic aphasic patients while performing a one-month naming rehabilitation treatment...

Numerous studies have shown robust evidence of the right hemisphere's involvement in language comprehension, for instance in the processing of intonation, grammar, prelexical processing stages, novel metaphor comprehension, etc. However, its role in lexicon acquisition remains obscure. We applied transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right-hemispheric homologue of Wernicke's area to assess its putative involvement in processing different types of novel semantics. After receiving 15 min of anodal, cathodal, or sham (placebo) tDCS, three groups of healthy participants learnt novel concrete and abstract words in the context of short stories...

OBJECTIVE: Biological motion perception (BMP) correlating with a mirror neuron system (MNS) is attenuated in underage individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While BMP in typically-developing controls (TDCs) encompasses interconnected MNS structures, ASD data hint at segregated form and motion processing. This coincides with less fewer long-range connections in ASD than TDC. Using BMP and electroencephalography (EEG) in ASD, we characterized directionality and coherence (mu and beta frequencies)...

Complex motor skills can be acquired while observing a model without physical practice. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) also facilitates motor learning. However, the effectiveness of observational practice for bimanual coordination skills is debated. We compared the behavioural and brain causal connectivity patterns following three interventions: primary motor cortex stimulation (M1-tDCS), action-observation (AO) and a combined group (AO+M1-tDCS) when acquiring a bimanual, two-ball juggling skill...

Logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA) is characterized by word-finding deficits and phonologic errors in fluent speech. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting either left temporoparietal junction (TPJ) or left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) show evidence of improving language function in lvPPA. The present case study evaluated the effects of two separate rounds of high definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) (4 mA; 30 sessions) on language and functional neuroimaging in a 57-year-old woman with lvPPA...

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with a high disease burden, and treatment options are limited. We used intensified electrical stimulation in two dosages to target a main circuitry associated with the pathophysiology of OCD, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC), and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and assessed clinical outcomes, neuropsychological performance, and brain physiology. In a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, thirty-nine patients with OCD were randomly assigned to three groups of sham, 2-mA, or 1-mA transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the l-DLPFC (F3) and pre-SMA (FC2) with anodal and cathodal stimulation respectively...

INTRODUCTION: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that modulates brain states by applying a weak electrical current to the brain cortex. Several studies have shown that anodal stimulation of the ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) may promote motor recovery of the affected upper limb in patients with stroke; however, a high-level clinical recommendation cannot be drawn in view of inconsistent findings. A priming brain stimulation protocol has been proposed to induce stable modulatory effects, in which an inhibitory stimulation is applied prior to excitatory stimulation to a brain area...

Over the last decade, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been applied not only to modulate local cortical activation, but also to address communication between functionally-related brain areas. Stimulation protocols based on simple two-electrode placements are being replaced by multi-electrode montages to target intra- and inter-hemispheric neural networks using multichannel/high definition paradigms. 
Objective: This study aims to investigate the characteristics of electric field (EF) patterns originated by tDCS experiments addressing changes in functional brain connectivity...

Declines in several cognitive domains, most notably processing speed, occur in non-pathological aging. Given the exponential growth of the older adult population, declines in cognition serve as a significant public health issue that must be addressed. Promising studies have shown that cognitive training in older adults, particularly using the useful field of view (UFOV) paradigm, can improve cognition with moderate to large effect sizes. Additionally, meta-analyses have found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive form of brain stimulation, can improve cognition in attention/processing speed and working memory...