haematoma sub dural

Inadvertent dural puncture with subsequent post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is the most typical complication of labour epidural analgesia. Subdural hematoma (SDH) is a rare but late neurological complication of this procedure. The intracranial hypotension created by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage through the dural defect can lead to the rupture of the bridging veins to produce a subdural hematoma. A change in the character from postural to a non-postural headache is a warning sign of subdural hematoma...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a disease of the elderly population. Incidence in paediatric population is relatively uncommon. Child abuse, birth trauma, coagulopathy and shunt surgeries represent major causes. Major impact of the disease on life of patient due to recurrence and repeat surgical procedure is significant, not to mention the burden on health care system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our institute data for chronic sub-dural cases for the past 10 years (2008-2018) and collected data on the demography, clinical features, metabolic workup, mode of treatment, recurrence rates, predisposing factors, laterality, hematoma characteristics and factors associated with recurrence in all cases with less than or equal to 18 years of age...

BACKGROUND/AIM: The safety of amateur and professional boxing is a contentious issue. We hypothesised that advanced magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing could provide evidence of acute and early brain injury in amateur boxers. METHODS: We recruited 30 participants from a university amateur boxing club in a prospective cohort study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological testing was performed at three time points: prior to starting training; within 48 h following a first major competition to detect acute brain injury; and one year follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is predominantly a disease of the elderly. By its nature, many of those who present to clinic are in advanced old age with multiple comorbidities. Majority of patients treated are younger than 80 years old. We present the clinical outcomes and complication rates of patients over the age of 80 years at the time of operation, during the past 11 years at a single institution. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of all patients over the age of 80 years, who presented to our institution between 2006 and 2016...

The aim of this study is to examine the acceptability and effectiveness of a nurse-led hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance clinic in high-risk patients with cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis. Early detection of HCC is associated with better treatment outcomes and improved survival. International guidelines recommend 6-monthly surveillance of patients at risk of developing HCC. A nurse-led HCC surveillance protocol was established to support patients in adherence to surveillance protocols. The design used was retrospective document analysis...

BACKGROUND: A chronic subdural hematoma is an old clot of blood on the surface of the brain between dura and arachnoid membranes. These liquefied clots most often occur in patients aged 60 and older with brain atrophy. When the brain shrinks inside the skull over time, minor head trauma can cause tearing of blood vessels over the brain surface, resulting in a slow accumulation of blood over several days to weeks. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the role of membrane in hematoma evaluation and to correlate its histopathology with clinic-radiological aspects of the condition and overall prognosis of patients...

BACKGROUND: Pure cerebellar haematoma of traumatic etiology, without associated posterior fossa sub- or epi-dural haematomas is a rare entity and has been reported to have a poor outcome. We report 23 patients with traumatic intracerebellar haematoma. We sought to study the pattern of such presentations and assess the factors which could be associated with their outcome. METHODS: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data for all patients who were admitted for the management of traumatic intracerebellar haematoma at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India provided data for the 23 consecutive patients admitted for aforesaid over a seven-year study period...

INTRODUCTION: Exophytic tectal plate tumours are a particular kind of brain stem tumour that can be treated with microsurgical resection. This paper reports our surgical experience with a paediatric series stressing and underlines the fact that this surgery can be possible because the rate of surgical mortality is low in experienced hands with acceptable morbidity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1997 to 2010, 27 patients were treated for exophytic tectal plate tumours...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

We report a 9 year old boy who presented late with cyanosis as a case of dextro-transposition of great arteries, intact ventricular septum and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (D-TGA/IVS/LVOTO). Arterial switch operation (ASO) with resection of sub-neo aortic membrane and repair of mitral valve were done for the naturally trained LV. On the second postoperative day, the newly discovered right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) was relieved and mitral valve replacement (MVR) was done for significant mixed stenotic/regurgitant mitral valve disease, and intraoperative extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was instituted for pulmonary dysfunction for 4 days...

Spontaneous infarction of the ligamentum flavum is a very rare cause of mielo-radicular compression. In the literature only four cases are reported, all characterized by a clinical history of slowly progressive mielo-radiculopathy and good outcome after surgical treatment. A 70 year-old female patient presented with a four months clinical history of spontaneous, sub-continuous, progressive lumbar pain with bilateral irradiation to the L4-L5 dermatomers, right leg monoparesis and hypoaesthesia affecting tactile, thermal and pain sensivity, urinary incontinence and constipation...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse. The intracranial injuries are associated with a high morbidity and mortality rates. A 6 month-old healthy infant presented at home a cardiorespiratory arrest. After a cardiopulmonary resuscitation, radiological survey showed sub-dural haematomas and retinal haemorrhages, without a history of trauma. The diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome was made. Despite medical management and a fontanelle tap, clinical signs of intracranial hypertension worsened. Transcranial Doppler examination found the cerebral blood flow velocities to be decreased while the pulsatility index was increased...

An open label study was conducted in the department of neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital in China to determine the incidence of postoperative infections following the use of one or two doses of ceftriaxone administered perioperatively. A total of 343 patients, who required neurosurgery and had satisfied the inclusion criteria, was recruited during a 12 month study period. Of these 343 patients, there were 97 and 107 cases of malignant and benign tumours, respectively, 52 cases of aneurysm, 34 cases of arteriovenous malformation, and 53 other cases who underwent neurosurgery for drainage of sub-dural haematoma, relief of cerebral oedema and other indications...

Infections with Micrococcus spp. in six patients and Stomatococcus mucilaginosus in one patient are described. Two of the Micrococcus infections occurred in leukaemic patients with indwelling lines, six episodes occurred in three patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and one occurred in a patient with a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Stomatococcus was isolated from fluid draining from a sub-dural haematoma. Colony morphology, oxidase reaction and resistance to nitrofuration were useful in differentiation of micrococci from staphylococci...

The number of cases studied was too small to be really representative of the role of the E.E.G. in the assessment of cranio-facial trauma cases. The following points may nevertheless be stressed: -The usefulness of negative findings. The E.E.G. may be used to confirm that a purely facial impact, or one without any severe cranial involvement, has only minor or quite negligeable cerebral repercussions. -The presence of significant E.E.G. changes indicates marked cerebral involvement. The nature of the latter (contusion, haematoma etc...

The computer tomographic investigation of two epidural and 26 subdural haematomas is described. Various computer tomographic signs are discussed and illustrated by some examples. Measurements of absorption values of subdural haematomas were related to in-vitro experiments.