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https://read.qxmd.com/read/38261768/enabling-waveguide-optics-in-rhombohedral-stacked-transition-metal-dichalcogenides-with-laser-patterned-grating-couplers
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabian Mooshammer, Xinyi Xu, Chiara Trovatello, Zhi Hao Peng, Birui Yang, Jacob Amontree, Shuai Zhang, James Hone, Cory R Dean, P James Schuck, D N Basov
Waveguides play a key role in the implementation of on-chip optical elements and, therefore, lie at the heart of integrated photonics. To add the functionalities of layered materials to existing technologies, dedicated fabrication protocols are required. Here, we build on laser writing to pattern grating structures into bulk noncentrosymmetric transition metal dichalcogenides with grooves as sharp as 250 nm. Using thin flakes of 3R-MoS2 that act as waveguides for near-infrared light, we demonstrate the functionality of the grating couplers with two complementary experiments: first, nano-optical imaging is used to visualize transverse electric and magnetic modes, whose directional outcoupling is captured by finite element simulations...
January 23, 2024: ACS Nano
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36645338/safety-and-effectiveness-of-nano-pulse-stimulation%C3%A2-technology-to-treat-acne-vulgaris-of-the-back
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruce E Katz, Mark S Nestor, Richard Nuccitelli, Lauren Jauregui Johnston, William A Knape
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This feasibility study describes the effects of Nano-pulse stimulation™ (NPS™) technology using the CellFX™ System on acne vulgaris of the back with the objectives of demonstrating safety and effectiveness. The CellFX System applies nanosecond pulses of electrical energy to induce highly localized regulated cell death (RCD) in the cellular structures of the targeted zone with no thermal effect on the tissue and negligible effects on surrounding non-cellular components...
January 16, 2023: Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34871493/giant-second-harmonic-generation-enhancement-in-a-high-q-doubly-resonant-hybrid-plasmon-fiber-cavity-system
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi Ai, Florian Sterl, Han Zhang, Jianfang Wang, Harald Giessen
A high-quality plasmon-fiber cavity in a doubly resonant configuration can exhibit second-harmonic generation (SHG) with over 5 orders of magnitude enhancement compared to gold nanoparticles on a fused silica substrate. Through coupling to a fiber cavity with the proper diameter, a high-quality ( Q ≈ 160) resonance can be achieved in combination with a single gold nanoparticle. In a classical picture, where the incident electric field travels coherently Q times around the fiber during the nonlinear process, the high Q of the coupled mode aids in highly efficient SHG...
December 6, 2021: ACS Nano
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33726458/rectangular-multilayer-dielectric-gratings-with-broadband-high-diffraction-efficiency-and-enhanced-laser-damage-resistance
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingyun Xie, Jinlong Zhang, Zhanyi Zhang, Bin Ma, Tongbao Li, Zhanshan Wang, Xinbin Cheng
Broadband multilayer dielectric gratings (MDGs) with rectangular HfO2 grating profile were realized for the first time using a novel fabrication process that combines laser interference lithography, nanoimprint, atomic layer deposition and reactive ion-beam etching. The laser-induced damage initiating at the grating ridge was mitigated for two reasons. First, the rectangular grating profile exhibits the minimum electric-field intensity (EFI) enhancement inside the grating pillar compared to other trapezoidal profiles...
January 18, 2021: Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32375426/extracellular-ca-2-induced-decrease-in-small-molecule-electrotransfer-efficiency-comparison-between-microsecond-and-nanosecond-electric-pulses
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diana Navickaite, Paulius Ruzgys, Vitalij Novickij, Milda Jakutaviciute, Martynas Maciulevicius, Ruta Sinceviciute, Saulius Satkauskas
Electroporation-a transient electric-field-induced increase in cell membrane permeability-can be used to facilitate the delivery of anticancer drugs for antitumour electrochemotherapy. In recent years, Ca2+ electroporation has emerged as an alternative modality to electrochemotherapy. The antitumor effect of calcium electroporation is achieved as a result of the introduction of supraphysiological calcium doses. However, calcium is also known to play a key role in membrane resealing, potentially altering the pore dynamics and molecular delivery during electroporation...
May 4, 2020: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31450575/printed-flexible-microelectrode-for-application-of-nanosecond-pulsed-electric-fields-on-cells
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Schubert, Jens Rasche, Mika-Matti Laurila, Tiina Vuorinen, Matti Mäntysalo, Karlheinz Bock
Medical treatment is increasingly benefiting from biomedical microsystems, especially the trending telemedical application. A promising modality for tumor therapy showed the application of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) on cells to achieve nanoporation, cell death, and other cell reactions. A key technology for this method is the generation of pulsed fields in the nanosecond range with high-field strengths in the range of several kilovolts per centimeter. For further biomedical applications, state-of-the-art setups need to decrease in size and improve their capability of integration into microsystems...
August 24, 2019: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25131187/in-vitro-bipolar-nano-and-microsecond-electro-pulse-bursts-for-irreversible-electroporation-therapies
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael B Sano, Christopher B Arena, Matthew R DeWitt, Dieter Saur, Rafael V Davalos
Under the influence of external electric fields, cells experience a rapid potential buildup across the cell membrane. Above a critical threshold of electric field strength, permanent cell damage can occur, resulting in cell death. Typical investigations of electroporation effects focus on two distinct regimes. The first uses sub-microsecond duration, high field strength pulses while the second uses longer (50 μs+) duration, but lower field strength pulses. Here we investigate the effects of pulses between these two extremes...
December 2014: Bioelectrochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22937117/cutaneous-papilloma-and-squamous-cell-carcinoma-therapy-utilizing-nanosecond-pulsed-electric-fields-nspef
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Yin, Wangrong G Yang, Jack Weissberg, Catherine B Goff, Weikai Chen, Yoshio Kuwayama, Amanda Leiter, Hongtao Xing, Antonie Meixel, Daria Gaut, Fikret Kirkbir, David Sawcer, P Thomas Vernier, Jonathan W Said, Martin A Gundersen, H Phillip Koeffler
Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) induce apoptotic pathways in human cancer cells. The potential therapeutic effective of nsPEF has been reported in cell lines and in xenograft animal tumor model. The present study investigated the ability of nsPEF to cause cancer cell death in vivo using carcinogen-induced animal tumor model, and the pulse duration of nsPEF was only 7 and 14 nano second (ns). An nsPEF generator as a prototype medical device was used in our studies, which is capable of delivering 7-30 nanosecond pulses at various programmable amplitudes and frequencies...
2012: PloS One
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