Ultrasoud

The success of non-operative management in trauma increased with the availability of new-generation CT scan machines, endoscopy, and angiography, becoming the standard of care in hemodynamically stable trauma patients with abdominal solid organ injuries, with a success rate of 78% to 98%. Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms (PAs) can develop at any region of an injured artery and they may cause delayed bleeding in splenic or hepatic trauma, with an incidence in patients treated with NOM of 2%-27% and 1.2%-6.1% respectively...

Background: Although troponin elevation is common in COVID-19, the extent of myocardial dysfunction and its contributors to dysfunction are less well-characterized. We aimed to determine the prevalence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction and its association with mortality using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), specifically global longitudinal strain (GLS) and myocardial work efficiency (MWE). We also tested the hypothesis that reduced myocardial function was associated with increased systemic inflammation in COVID-19...

BACKGROUND: Quinoa grain has a bitter tasting layer in the pericarp called saponin, a triterpenoid glycoside with industrial potential. Traditionally, quinoa saponins are extracted with a large amount of water, which is why ultrasound technology constitutes an emerging technological alternative which is considered efficient and profitable compared to traditional extraction methods. The objective of this research was to determine the amplitude, time, and concentration of ethanol that guarantee a higher content of saponin through extraction assisted by ultrasound...

Background: Color Duplex sonography (CDS) of temporal arteries and large vessels (LV) is a recently validated diagnostic methodology for Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA). CDS combined with a fast-track approach (FTA) has improved the early diagnosis of the disease. Objectives: To assess FTA effects on the prevention of permanent visual loss (PVL), relapse and late complications of GCA compared to conventional practice. To assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on outcomes of GCA patients assessed with FTA. Methods: GCA patients diagnosed up to June 2020 at the Rheumatology Department, University of Pavia, were included...

Objective: Salivary gland ultrasound (SGUS) is emerging as a valid tool in the management of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). This study aimed to investigate whether pSS patients with normal-appearing or pathological SGUS findings showed different clinical, laboratory, and pathologic pSS-related features, and to compare the results by using two different SGUS scores. Methods: Consecutive pSS patients, according to the ACR-EULAR classification criteria, were evaluated. Salivary glands were scored using the early 1992 score by De Vita et al...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative embolization is often considered mandatory in highly vascularised brain tumors to contain blood loss. However, not all lesions are amenable of endovascular preoperative embolization. In literature only preoperative endovascular embolization techniques are reported, while there is no report of intraoperative procedures for those cases not amenable of 'classical' preoperative endovascular treatment. METHODS: We describe the association of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasoud (CEUS) and Color-Doppler Ultrasound (CDUS) to perform an intraoperative embolization in an illustrative case of a posterior cranial fossa hemangioblastoma not amenable of preoperative endovascular procedure...

Objectives Recurrent varicose veins following surgery is a common, complex and costly problem in vascular surgery. Treatment for RVV is technically more difficult to perform and patient satisfaction is poorer than after primary interventions. Nevertheless, traditional vein surgery has largely been replaced by percutaneous office-based procedures, and the patients with recurrent varicose veins have not benefited from the same advantages. In this paper, we propose an endovascular laser treatment that allows reducing the invasiveness and complications in case of SFJ and SPJ reflux after ligation and stripping of the great and small saphenous vein...

Purpose: Teaching ultrasound procedures to undergraduates has recently been proposed to improve the quality of medical education. We address the impact of applying standardized dermatologic ultrasound teaching to our undergraduates. Materials and Methods: Medical students were offered an additional theoretical and practical seminar involving hands-on ultrasound dermatologic ultrasound during their mandatory dermatology practical training. The students' theoretical knowledge and dermatologic ultrasoud skills were tested with a multiple choice questionnaire extracted from Level 1 Spanish Society of Ultrasound Dermatologic Ultrasound accreditation exam before and after the course...

BACKGROUND: Blocking conduction in the saphenous nerve is important in providing surgical anesthesia of the lower leg. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the efficacy of ultrasound-guided paravenous approach for saphenous nerve block. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients underwent ankle surgery after saphenous nerve block using ultrasoud-guided paravenous approach below the knee combined with sciatic nerve block under general anesthesia. Sensory blockade was evaluated at the upper part of the leg as compared with the contralateral leg...

BACKGROUND: Invasive prenatal diagnosis (IPD) allows identification of fetal diseases, mainly aneuploidy. With the addition of first-trimester prenatal screening and structural ultrasound, IPD indications have changed. OBJECTIVE: To describe the current indications for IPD in pregnant patients at INPer. METHODS: Descriptive and retrospective study. We reviewed medical records of patients in which IPD was performed during a period of 2.5 years...

There are increasing numbers of elective surgeries not only for abdominal aortic aneurysm repair but also for emergencies because of ruptured aneurysms (rAAA). Mortality rates of rAAA up to 40-50% have remained unchanged for years. Because of the elevated incidence of complications in rAAA, the overall mortality is at least 80% and shows a dismal prognosis for this group of patients. With ultrasonography, a cost-efficient, technically simple and safe method with high sensitivity is available for detecting abdominal aortic aneurysms...

BACKGROUND: Although rotational atherectomy (RA) have been proven to be effective in calcified and non-dilatable lesions in Kawasaki disease, long-term efficacy and safety have not been established. METHOD: To evaluate long-term outcome, follow-up (FU) information was analyzed in 26 patients with Kawasaki disease, or 30 calcified and non-dilatable lesions with adjunctive balloon(BA) dilatation after RA from May 1993 to December 2002. Patient and lesion characteristics were: age 15 +/- 5 (8-28) years(yrs), and male-77%, previous myocardial infarction(MI)-4%, multi-vessel disease-35%, coronary aneurysm-87%...

Cerebrovascular Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a clinical entity characterized by stenotic or occlusive lesions around the terminal portions of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) and the formation of abnormal vascular networks at the base or convexity. This condition is sporadic, and there are no pathological explanations for this cause. A case with unilateral juvenile MMD is reported. A 13-year-old girl with sudden episode of left limbs weakness, accompanied by transient dysphasia and seizures attack, was admitted to our hospital for further investigation...

OBJECTIVE: Thalamic brain haemorrhage is a common disabling and potentially fatal condition. However, management is mainly supportive, very rarely do neurosurgeons resort to evacuation of the haematoma. We hypothesised that cerebral haemodynamic abnormalities in the forms of lost pressure autoregulatory response (PAR) and/or impaired cerebral vasoreactivity (CVR) to carbon dioxide may indicate the haematoma should be aspirated to prevent further brain damage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with thalamic haemorrhage were selected on clinical ground for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and intensive care management...

An algorithm for the estimation of one-dimensional in-vivo ultrasound pulses is derived. The routine estimates a set of ARMA parameters describing the pulse and uses data from a number of adjacent rf lines. Using multiple lines results in a decrease in variance on the estimated parameters and significantly reduces the risk of terminating the algorithm at a local minimum. Examples from use on synthetic data confirms the reduction in variance and increased chance of successful minimization termination. Simulations are also reported indicating the relation between the one-dimensional pulse and the three-dimensional, attenuated ultrasoud field for a concave transducer...