keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532594/-pelvic-radiotherapy-strategy-for-rectal-cancer-with-hepatic-metastasis
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Wang, M H Li
Hepatic metastasis is the most common in rectal cancer, and patients with resectable hepatic metastasis have better survival. Pelvic radiotherapy has become a key component of multidisciplinary management of rectal cancer with hepatic metastasis. For patients with unresectable hepatic metastasis, palliative radiotherapy to the primary lesion can reduce the risk of bleeding and obstruction and thus improve the quality of life. For patients with resectable hepatic metastasis, pelvic radiotherapy can effectively reduce the local recurrence rate, help some patients avoid surgery and improve their quality of life, and even improve the overall survival...
March 25, 2024: Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke za Zhi, Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500668/management-of-glioblastoma-in-elderly-patients-a-review-of-the-literature
#2
REVIEW
Nektarios K Mazarakis, Stephen D Robinson, Priyank Sinha, Christos Koutsarnakis, Spyridon Komaitis, George Stranjalis, Susan C Short, Paul Chumas, Georgios Giamas
High grade gliomas are the most common primary aggressive brain tumours with a very poor prognosis and a median survival of less than 2 years. The standard management protocol of newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients involves surgery followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy in the form of temozolomide and further adjuvant temozolomide. The recent advances in molecular profiling of high-grade gliomas have further enhanced our understanding of the disease. Although the management of glioblastoma is standardised in newly diagnosed adult patients there is a lot of debate regarding the best treatment approach for the newly diagnosed elderly glioblastoma patients...
May 2024: Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428195/ultrasound-education-across-european-federation-of-radiographers-societies-efrs-countries-similarities-and-differences
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Kraus, G Harrison, R Santos, M R Vils Pedersen
INTRODUCTION: Ultrasound education varies greatly across European healthcare systems. This paper focuses on ultrasound academic education as a part of wider suite of surveys on radiographers working in ultrasound. The aim was to investigate sonography educational levels, methods of training, course duration and other factors in European Federation of Radiographers Societies (EFRS) member countries. METHOD: In 2019 an online survey was sent to the 38 EFRS member societies to distribute to higher education institutions within their own country...
February 29, 2024: Radiography
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388778/updated-5-year-results-for-short-course-abiraterone-acetate-and-lhrh-agonist-for-unfavorable-intermediate-and-favorable-high-risk-prostate-cancer
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan E Fecteau, Bridget F Koontz, Karen E Hoffman, Susan Halabi, Lauren E Howard, Monika Anand, Daniel J George, Tian Zhang, William R Berry, W Robert Lee, Michael R Harrison, Paul G Corn, Andrew J Armstrong
Combined androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) improves outcomes for intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer. Treatment intensification with abiraterone acetate/prednisone (AAP) provides additional benefit for high-risk disease. We previously reported 3-year outcomes of a single-arm prospective multicenter trial (AbiRT trial) of 33 patients with unfavorable intermediate risk (UIR) and favorable high risk (FHR) prostate cancer undergoing short course, combination therapy with ADT, AAP, and RT...
February 22, 2024: Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386240/neoadjuvant-short-vs-long-course-radiation-for-locally-advanced-rectal-cancer-how-to-choose
#5
REVIEW
Christopher G Willett, Scarlett Acklin-Wehnert
Over the past decades, the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer has evolved dramatically due to improvements in diagnostic imaging, surgical technique, and the addition of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Fractionation of neoadjuvant radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy remains the subject of discussion and the question multiple recent trials have aimed to answer. In light of recent data and concern for locoregional recurrence, our institution favors long-course chemoradiation in most cases, especially in low-lying primaries, threatened circumferential resection margin, consideration of non-operative management, or if the surgeon has concerns for resectability...
February 22, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381603/anaplastic-lymphoma-kinase-alk-inhibitors-show-activity-in-colorectal-cancer-with-alk-rearrangements-case-series-and-literature-review
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingting Hu, Jinbo Zhan, Li Li, Yan He, Yun Lin, Jingru Wang, Haiming Yu, Jianping Xiong, Ziling Fang, Jun Deng, Shanshan Huang, Xiaojun Xiang
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is a well-known driver oncogene detected in approximately 5% of non-small cell lung cancer. However, ALK rearrangement is much less frequent in other solid tumors outside the lungs, such as colorectal cancer (CRC); thus, the optimal management of CRC with ALK rearrangements has yet to be established. In this report, we describe 2 cases of ALK-positive CRC, both of which benefited from ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALK-TKI) therapy. Case 1 was a postoperative patient with poorly differentiated colon adenocarcinoma, who was diagnosed with metastatic relapse shortly after surgery...
February 21, 2024: Oncologist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378473/the-effects-of-radiation-therapy-on-the-heart-implications-for-management
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristin Hsieh, Alexandra E Hotca, Juliana Runnels, Daniel Cherry, Julie R Bloom, Catherine Yu, Anthony D Nehlsen, Lucas Resende Salgado, Kunal K Sindhu
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery constitute the three primary modalities employed in the treatment of patients with cancer. Radiotherapy, in particular, is a mainstay of treatment for patients with cancers of the breast, esophagus, lung, and lymph nodes. Prior studies have shown, however, that radiotherapy can impact the heart. Radiation exposure, in fact, can lead to pathophysiological changes that may result in short- and long-term radiation-induced cardiac toxicities. Such toxicities can cause substantial morbidity and may manifest clinically in the weeks to years after the completion of treatment...
February 20, 2024: Chinese Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38341097/short-course-radiotherapy-versus-radiochemotherapy-for-locally-advanced-rectal-cancers-in-the-elderly-unicancer-prodige-42-gerico-12-study-quality-of-life-and-comprehensive-geriatric-assessment
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric François, Nicolas Magné, Rabia Boulahssass, Philippe Ronchin, Virginie Huguenet, Blandine De Lavigerie, Elodie Nouhaud, Catherine Cattenoz, Isabelle Martel-Lafay, Catherine Terret, Pascal Artru, Pierre Clavere, Achille Tchalla, Véronique Vendrely, Sophie Duc, Valérie Boige, Nicolas De Sousa Carvalho, Jocelyn Gal, Berardino De Bari
BACKGROUND: The results of the PRODIGE 42/GERICO 12 study showed that short course radiotherapy had a better tolerance profile than radiochemotherapy, with comparable oncological results. We have included Quality of Life analyses and oncogeriatric evaluations in this study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 101 patients ≥75 years of age with resectable T3-T4 rectal adenocarcinoma less than 12 cm from the anal margin received short course radiotherapy (5X5 Gy in one week) or radiochemotherapy (50 Gy, 2 y/f and capecitabine 800 mg/m2 , 5 days/week) with delayed surgery (7 weeks ± 1) in both groups...
April 2024: Radiotherapy and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38312304/induction-short-course-radiotherapy-with-consolidation-chemotherapy-for-locally-advanced-rectal-cancer-is-a-long-run-and-short-slide-preferred
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David B Stewart
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2024: Surgery open science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38312301/contemporary-management-of-rectal-cancer
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander M Troester, Wolfgang B Gaertner
UNLABELLED: The management of rectal cancer has undergone significant changes over the past 50 years, and this has been associated with major improvements in overall outcomes and quality of life. From standardization of total mesorectal excision to refinements in radiation delivery and shifting of chemoradiotherapy treatment to favor a neoadjuvant approach, as well as the development of targeted chemotherapeutics, these management strategies have continually aimed to achieve locoregional and systemic control while limiting adverse effects and enhance overall survival...
March 2024: Surgery open science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38309748/study-protocol-of-short-course-radiotherapy-combined-with-capox-and-pd-1-inhibitor-for-locally-advanced-colon-cancer-a-randomised-prospective-multicentre-phase-ii-trial-torch-c
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Zhang, Yaqi Li, Fan Xia, Yiqun Sun, Lijun Shen, Juefeng Wan, Yajie Chen, Yaqi Wang, Menglong Zhou, Ruiyan Wu, Shujuan Zhou, Yan Wang, Fangqi Liu, Sanjun Cai, Zhen Zhang
INTRODUCTION: The preliminary result of the TORCH trial has shown a promising complete response (CR) for managing locally advanced rectal cancer with neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) combined with chemotherapy and PD-1 inhibitor. For locally advanced colon cancer (LACC) with bulky nodal disease and/or clinically T4, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by colectomy with en bloc removal of regional lymph nodes is the suggested treatment. However, the CR rate is less than 5%. TORCH-C will aim to investigate neoadjuvant SCRT combined with chemotherapy and PD-1 inhibitor in LACC...
February 2, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38298676/longitudinal-analysis-of-t2-relaxation-time-variations-following-radiotherapy-for-prostate-cancer
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavla Hanzlikova, Dominik Vilimek, Radana Vilimkova Kahankova, Martina Ladrova, Valeria Skopelidou, Zuzana Ruzickova, Radek Martinek, Jakub Cvek
Aim of this paper is to evaluate short and long-term changes in <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> relaxation times after radiotherapy in patients with low and intermediate risk localized prostate cancer. A total of 24 patients were selected for this retrospective study. Each participant underwent 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging on seven separate occasions: initially after the implantation of gold fiducials, the required step for Cyberknife therapy guidance, followed by MRI scans two weeks post-therapy and monthly thereafter...
January 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38289485/findings-in-magnetic-resonance-imaging-for-restaging-locally-advanced-rectal-cancer
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suvi Marjasuo, Laura Koskenvuo, Anna Lepistö
PURPOSE: We aimed to assess the prognostic value of restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy and compare long-course chemoradiotherapy (LC-CRT) to short-course radiotherapy with delayed surgery (SCRT-delay). METHODS: This retrospective study included 267 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) operated on between January 2016 and April 2019, all of whom received either LC-CRT or SCRT-delay in the neoadjuvant setting...
January 30, 2024: International Journal of Colorectal Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38274389/quality-of-life-and-clinical-outcomes-in-rectal-cancer-patients-treated-on-a-1-5t-mr-linac-within-the-momentum-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L A Daamen, J M Westerhoff, A M Couwenberg, P M Braam, H Rütten, M D den Hartogh, J P Christodouleas, W A Hall, H M Verkooijen, M P W Intven
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study assessed quality of life (QoL) and clinical outcomes in rectal cancer patients treated with magnetic resonance (MR) guided short-course radiation therapy (SCRT) on a 1.5 Tesla (T) MR-Linac during the first 12 months after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rectal cancer patients treated with 25 Gy SCRT in five fractions with curative intent in the Netherlands (2019-2022) were identified in MOMENTUM (NCT04075305). Toxicity (CTCAE v5) and QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30 and -CR29) was primarily analyzed in patients without metastatic disease (M0) and no other therapies after SCRT...
March 2024: Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262639/bladder-sparing-by-short-course-radiotherapy-combined-with-toripalimab-in-high-risk-extremely-high-risk-non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer-hope-04-study-protocol-for-a-single-arm-prospective-phase-ii-trial
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feng Wen, Tianhai Lin, Peng Zhang, Hao Zeng, Qiang Wei, Yali Shen
INTRODUCTION: Radical cystectomy remains the standard treatment for intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) because potential bladder-preserving therapies are not well established. Combination of radiotherapy with programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody may offer an optional bladder preservation treatment for high-risk/extremely high risk NMIBC. Hence, the current study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of short-course radiotherapy (5×5 Gy) and toripalimab (PD-1 antibody) as a novel bladder sparing treatment in this population...
January 22, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38250676/neoadjuvant-s-1-and-oxaliplatin-plus-bevacizumab-therapy-for-high-risk-locally-advanced-rectal-cancer-a-prospective-multicenter-phase-ii-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takuya Miura, Hajime Morohashi, Yoshiyuki Sakamoto, Takuji Kagiya, Tatsuya Hasebe, Yoshihito Nakayama, Hiromasa Fujita, Kenichi Hakamada
AIM: We report the short/mid-term results of surgery for high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC, four courses of S-1 + oxaliplatin+ bevacizumab) without radiotherapy with the primary aim of ypT0-2. METHODS: High-risk LARC was defined as cT4b, mesorectal fascia (MRF) ≤1 mm (MRF+), or lateral lymph node metastasis (cLLN+) on high-resolution MRI. The planned 32 cases from April 2018 to December 2021 were all included...
January 2024: Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38211641/concurrent-olaparib-and-radiotherapy-in-elderly-patients-with-newly-diagnosed-glioblastoma-the-phase-i-dose-escalation-paradigm-trial
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Derby, Mark R Jackson, Karin Williams, Jamie Stobo, Caroline Kelly, Lorna Sweeting, Shumaila Shad, Christopher Herbert, Susan C Short, Aoife Williamson, Allan James, Stefan Nowicki, Helen Bulbeck, Anthony J Chalmers
BACKGROUND: Patients with glioblastoma who are elderly or have poor performance status (PS) experience particularly poor clinical outcomes. At the time of study initiation, these patients were treated with short-course radiotherapy (40 Gy in 15 fractions). Olaparib is an oral inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) that is well tolerated as a single agent but exacerbates acute radiation toxicity in extracranial sites. Preclinical data predicted that PARP inhibitors would enhance radiosensitivity in glioblastoma without exacerbating adverse effects on the normal brain...
January 9, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38200410/anus-preservation-in-low-rectal-adenocarcinoma-based-on-mmr-msi-status-apram-a-study-protocol-for-a-randomised-controlled-open-label-multicentre-phase-iii-trial
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng-Yi Huang, Ming-Hua Bai, Jin-Wen Shen, Quan-Quan Sun, Yan-Ru Feng, Qian-Ping Chen, Wei Mao, Hai-Xing Ju, Ji Zhu
BACKGROUND: Anus preservation has been a challenge in the treatment of patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma (within 5 cm from the anal verge) because it is difficult to spare the anus with its functioning sphincter complex under the safe margin of tumour resection. Patients with dMMR/MSI-H can achieve a favourable complete response (CR) rate by using a single immune checkpoint inhibitor. For patients with pMMR/MSS/MSI-L, intensified neoadjuvant three-drug chemotherapy may be the preferred option for anal preservation...
January 10, 2024: BMC Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38199609/short-course-neoadjuvant-radiotherapy-combined-with-chemotherapy-and-toripalimab-for-locally-advanced-esophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma-scale-1-a-single-arm-phase-ib-clinical-trial
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ning Jiang, Jingyuan Zhang, Zhen Guo, Yinan Wu, Lijun Zhao, Cheng Kong, Xue Song, Lingling Gu, Yang Zhao, Si Li, Xia He, Binhui Ren, Xiangzhi Zhu, Ming Jiang
BACKGROUND: The optimal dosages, timing, and treatment sequencing for standard-of-care neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy necessitate re-evaluation when used in conjunction with immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with resectable, locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RLaESCC). The SCALE-1 phase Ib study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of short-course neoadjuvant radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and toripalimab in this patient population. METHODS: RLaESCC patients with clinical stages cT3-4aN0M0/cT1-4aN+M0 received neoadjuvant paclitaxel (135 mg/m2 ), carboplatin (area under the curve=5), and toripalimab (240 mg) every 3 weeks for two cycles...
January 9, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38193365/microbiome-and-abdominopelvic-radiotherapy-related-chronic-enteritis-a-microbiome-based-mechanistic-role-of-probiotics-and-antibiotics
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prashanth Giridhar, Satyajit Pradhan, Shubham Dokania, Bhanuprasad Venkatesulu, Rahul Sarode, James S Welsh
Chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain after radiotherapy continue to be a problem in cancer survivors. Gut microbiomes are essential for preventing intestinal inflammation, maintaining intestinal integrity, maintaining enterohepatic circulation, regulating bile acid metabolism, and absorption of nutrients, including fat-soluble vitamins. Gut microbiome dysbiosis is expected to cause inflammation, bile acid malabsorption, malnutrition, and associated symptoms. Postradiotherapy, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum are significantly decreased while Fusobacteria and other unclassified bacteria are increased...
January 9, 2024: American Journal of Clinical Oncology
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