keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459638/erps-and-alpha-oscillations-track-the-encoding-and-maintenance-of-object-based-representations-in-visual-working-memory
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siyi Chen, Thomas Töllner, Hermann J Müller, Markus Conci
When memorizing an integrated object such as a Kanizsa figure, the completion of parts into a coherent whole is attained by grouping processes which render a whole-object representation in visual working memory (VWM). The present study measured event-related potentials (ERPs) and oscillatory amplitudes to track these processes of encoding and representing multiple features of an object in VWM. To this end, a change detection task was performed, which required observers to memorize both the orientations and colors of six "pacman" items while inducing configurations of the pacmen that systematically varied in terms of their grouping strength...
March 8, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458187/arid1a-orchestrates-swi-snf-mediated-sequential-binding-of-transcription-factors-with-arid1a-loss-driving-pre-memory-b-cell-fate-and-lymphomagenesis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darko Barisic, Christopher R Chin, Cem Meydan, Matt Teater, Ioanna Tsialta, Coraline Mlynarczyk, Amy Chadburn, Xuehai Wang, Margot Sarkozy, Min Xia, Sandra E Carson, Santo Raggiri, Sonia Debek, Benedikt Pelzer, Ceyda Durmaz, Qing Deng, Priya Lakra, Martin Rivas, Christian Steidl, David W Scott, Andrew P Weng, Christopher E Mason, Michael R Green, Ari Melnick
ARID1A, a subunit of the canonical BAF nucleosome remodeling complex, is commonly mutated in lymphomas. We show that ARID1A orchestrates B cell fate during the germinal center (GC) response, facilitating cooperative and sequential binding of PU.1 and NF-kB at crucial genes for cytokine and CD40 signaling. The absence of ARID1A tilts GC cell fate toward immature IgM+ CD80- PD-L2- memory B cells, known for their potential to re-enter new GCs. When combined with BCL2 oncogene, ARID1A haploinsufficiency hastens the progression of aggressive follicular lymphomas (FLs) in mice...
March 7, 2024: Cancer Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457750/ca3-circuit-model-compressing-sequential-information-in-theta-oscillation-and-replay
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Kuroki, Kenji Mizuseki
The hippocampus plays a critical role in the compression and retrieval of sequential information. During wakefulness, it achieves this through theta phase precession and theta sequences. Subsequently, during periods of sleep or rest, the compressed information reactivates through sharp-wave ripple events, manifesting as memory replay. However, how these sequential neuronal activities are generated and how they store information about the external environment remain unknown. We developed a hippocampal cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) computational model based on anatomical and electrophysiological evidence from the biological CA3 circuit to address these questions...
February 28, 2024: Neural Computation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454616/multiple-images-captured-from-a-single-encounter-do-not-promote-face-learning
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire M Matthews, Kay L Ritchie, Sarah Laurence, Catherine J Mondloch
Viewing multiple images of a newly encountered face improves recognition of that identity in new instances. Studies examining face learning have presented high-variability (HV) images that incorporate changes that occur from moment-to-moment (e.g., head orientation and expression) and over time (e.g., lighting, hairstyle, and health). We examined whether low-variability (LV) images (i.e., images that incorporate only moment-to-moment changes) also promote generalisation of learning such that novel instances are recognised...
March 7, 2024: Perception
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452025/low-power-and-area-efficient-memristor-based-non-volatile-d-latch-and-flip-flop-design-and-analysis
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haroon Rasheed S, Rajeev Pankaj Nelapati
In recent years, non-volatile memory elements have become highly appealing for memory applications to implement a new class of storage memory that could replace flash memories in sequential logic applications, with features such as compactness, low power, fast processing speed, high endurance, and retention. The memristor is one such non-volatile element that fits the fundamental blocks of sequential logic circuits, the latch and flip-flop; hence, in this article, a non-volatile latch architecture using memristor ratioed logic (MRL) inverter and CMOS components is focused, with an additional memristor as a memory element...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449670/end-to-end-model-based-trajectory-prediction-for-ro-ro-ship-route-using-dual-attention-mechanism
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Licheng Zhao, Yi Zuo, Wenjun Zhang, Tieshan Li, C L Philip Chen
With the rapid increase of economic globalization, the significant expansion of shipping volume has resulted in shipping route congestion, causing the necessity of trajectory prediction for effective service and efficient management. While trajectory prediction can achieve a relatively high level of accuracy, the performance and generalization of prediction models remain critical bottlenecks. Therefore, this article proposes a dual-attention (DA) based end-to-end (E2E) neural network (DAE2ENet) for trajectory prediction...
2024: Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448521/remodeling-the-tumor-immune-microenvironment-by-anti-ctla4-blockade-enhanced-subsequent-anti-pd-1-efficacy-in-advanced-nasopharyngeal-carcinoma
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuxiang Ma, Huaqiang Zhou, Fan Luo, Yang Zhang, Changbin Zhu, Weiwei Li, Zhan Huang, Jingbo Zhao, Jinhui Xue, Yuanyuan Zhao, Wenfeng Fang, Yunpeng Yang, Yan Huang, Li Zhang, Hongyun Zhao
Sequential immunotherapy has shown certain advantages in malignancy. Here, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of sequential anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients (R/M NPC). We retrospectively analysis 2 phase I trial of ipilimumab and camrelizumab in Chinese R/M NPC patients. These patients were initially treated with ipilimumab, a CTLA4 blockade, followed by anti-PD-1 treatment. We observed a durable tumor remission in these patients (mPFS: 12.3 months; mDoR: 20...
March 6, 2024: NPJ Precision Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444177/tumor-microenvironment-remodeling-mediated-sequential-drug-delivery-potentiates-treatment-efficacy
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yajun Xu, Jianlin Lv, Fuyao Liu, Jinqiang Wang, Ya Liu, Chaoying Kong, Yanran Li, Na Shen, Zhen Gu, Zhaohui Tang, Xuesi Chen
Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists, such as imidazoquinolines (IMDQs), are promising for the de novo priming of antitumor immunity. However, their systemic administration is severely limited due to the off-target toxicity. Here, we describe a sequential drug delivery strategy. The formulation is composed of two sequential modules: a tumor microenvironment remodeling nanocarrier (poly(L -glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4, termed CA4-NPs) and an immunotherapy nanocarrier (apcitide peptide-decorated poly(L -glutamic acid)-graft-IMDQ-N3 conjugate, termed apcitide-PLG-IMDQ-N3 )...
March 5, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38443198/coupled-sleep-rhythms-for-memory-consolidation
#29
REVIEW
Bernhard P Staresina
How do passing moments turn into lasting memories? Sheltered from external tasks and distractions, sleep constitutes an optimal state for the brain to reprocess and consolidate previous experiences. Recent work suggests that consolidation is governed by the intricate interaction of slow oscillations (SOs), spindles, and ripples - electrophysiological sleep rhythms that orchestrate neuronal processing and communication within and across memory circuits. This review describes how sequential SO-spindle-ripple coupling provides a temporally and spatially fine-tuned mechanism to selectively strengthen target memories across hippocampal and cortical networks...
March 4, 2024: Trends in Cognitive Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442128/cross-frequency-coupling-in-cortico-hippocampal-networks-supports-the-maintenance-of-sequential-auditory-information-in-short-term-memory
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arthur Borderie, Anne Caclin, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Marcela Perrone-Bertollotti, Roxane S Hoyer, Philippe Kahane, Hélène Catenoix, Barbara Tillmann, Philippe Albouy
It has been suggested that cross-frequency coupling in cortico-hippocampal networks enables the maintenance of multiple visuo-spatial items in working memory. However, whether this mechanism acts as a global neural code for memory retention across sensory modalities remains to be demonstrated. Intracranial EEG data were recorded while drug-resistant patients with epilepsy performed a delayed matched-to-sample task with tone sequences. We manipulated task difficulty by varying the memory load and the duration of the silent retention period between the to-be-compared sequences...
March 2024: PLoS Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442060/coexistence-of-cyclic-sequential-pattern-recognition-and-associative-memory-in-neural-networks-by-attractor-mechanisms
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingyang Huo, Jiali Yu, Min Wang, Zhang Yi, Jinsong Leng, Yong Liao
Neural networks are developed to model the behavior of the brain. One crucial question in this field pertains to when and how a neural network can memorize a given set of patterns. There are two mechanisms to store information: associative memory and sequential pattern recognition. In the case of associative memory, the neural network operates with dynamical attractors that are point attractors, each corresponding to one of the patterns to be stored within the network. In contrast, sequential pattern recognition involves the network memorizing a set of patterns and subsequently retrieving them in a specific order over time...
March 5, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428170/the-generative-neural-microdynamics-of-cognitive-processing
#32
REVIEW
Daniel C McNamee
The entorhinal cortex and hippocampus form a recurrent network that informs many cognitive processes, including memory, planning, navigation, and imagination. Neural recordings from these regions reveal spatially organized population codes corresponding to external environments and abstract spaces. Aligning the former cognitive functionalities with the latter neural phenomena is a central challenge in understanding the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit (EHC). Disparate experiments demonstrate a surprising level of complexity and apparent disorder in the intricate spatiotemporal dynamics of sequential non-local hippocampal reactivations, which occur particularly, though not exclusively, during immobile pauses and rest...
April 2024: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38421843/memory-guided-transformer-with-spatio-semantic-visual-extractor-for-medical-report-generation
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peketi Divya, Yenduri Sravani, Chalavadi Vishnu, C Krishna Mohan, Yen Wei Chen
Medical imaging-based report writing for effective diagnosis in radiology is time-consuming and can be error-prone by inexperienced radiologists. Automatic reporting helps radiologists avoid missed diagnoses and saves valuable time. Recently, transformer-based medical report generation has become prominent in capturing long-term dependencies of sequential data with its attention mechanism. Nevertheless, input features obtained from traditional visual extractor of conventional transformers do not capture spatial and semantic information of an image...
February 29, 2024: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413518/pastfnet-a-paralleled-attention-spatio-temporal-fusion-network-for-micro-expression-recognition
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haichen Tian, Weijun Gong, Wei Li, Yurong Qian
Micro-expressions (MEs) play such an important role in predicting a person's genuine emotions, as to make micro-expression recognition such an important resea rch focus in recent years. Most recent researchers have made efforts to recognize MEs with spatial and temporal information of video clips. However, because of their short duration and subtle intensity, capturing spatio-temporal features of micro-expressions remains challenging. To effectively promote the recognition performance, this paper presents a novel paralleled dual-branch attention-based spatio-temporal fusion network (PASTFNet)...
February 28, 2024: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398490/behavioral-disorders-of-spatial-cognition-in-patients-with-mild-cognitive-impairment-due-to-alzheimer-s-disease-preliminary-findings-from-the-bdsc-mci-project
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davide Maria Cammisuli, Valeria Isella, Federico Verde, Vincenzo Silani, Nicola Ticozzi, Simone Pomati, Virginia Bellocchio, Valentina Granese, Benedetta Vignati, Gloria Marchesi, Lorenzo Augusto Prete, Giada Pavanello, Gianluca Castelnuovo
(1) Background: Spatial cognition (SC) is one of the earliest cognitive domains to be impaired in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), resulting in spatial disorientation and becoming lost even in familiar surroundings as later dementia symptoms. To date, few studies have identified initial alterations of spatial navigation (SN) in the premorbid AD phase by real-world paradigms, and none have adopted an innovative technological apparatus to better detect gait alterations as well as physiological aspects correlated to spatial disorientation (SD)...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38392073/bcg-and-alternative-therapies-to-bcg-therapy-for-non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer
#36
REVIEW
Sarah Lidagoster, Reuben Ben-David, Benjamin De Leon, John P Sfakianos
Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Treatment decisions are mostly decided based on disease stage (non-muscle invasive or muscle invasive). Patients with muscle-invasive disease will be offered a radical treatment combined with systemic therapy, while in those with non-muscle-invasive disease, an attempt to resect the tumor endoscopically will usually be followed by different intravesical instillations. The goal of intravesical therapy is to decrease the recurrence and/or progression of the tumor. In the current landscape of bladder cancer treatment, BCG is given intravesically to induce an inflammatory response and recruit immune cells to attack the malignant cells and induce immune memory...
February 16, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387154/fatigue-at-the-wheel-a-non-visual-approach-to-truck-driver-fatigue-detection-by-multi-feature-fusion
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen He, Pengpeng Xu, Xin Pei, Qianfang Wang, Yun Yue, Chunyang Han
BACKGROUND: Monitoring of long-haul truck driver fatigue state has attracted considerable interest. Conventional fatigue driving detection methods based on the physiological and visual features are scarcely applicable, due to the intrusiveness, reliability, and cost-effectiveness concerns. METHODS: We elaborately developed a fatigue driving detection method by fusion of non-visual features derived from the customized wristbands, vehicle-mounted equipment, and trip logs...
February 21, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38383522/converging-and-evolving-immuno-genomic-routes-toward-immune-escape-in-breast-cancer
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Blanco-Heredia, Carla Anjos Souza, Juan L Trincado, Maria Gonzalez-Cao, Samuel Gonçalves-Ribeiro, Sara Ruiz Gil, Dmytro Pravdyvets, Samandhy Cedeño, Maurizio Callari, Antonio Marra, Andrea M Gazzo, Britta Weigelt, Fresia Pareja, Theodore Vougiouklakis, Achim A Jungbluth, Rafael Rosell, Christian Brander, Francesc Tresserra, Jorge S Reis-Filho, Daniel Guimarães Tiezzi, Nuria de la Iglesia, Holger Heyn, Leticia De Mattos-Arruda
The interactions between tumor and immune cells along the course of breast cancer progression remain largely unknown. Here, we extensively characterize multiple sequential and parallel multiregion tumor and blood specimens of an index patient and a cohort of metastatic triple-negative breast cancers. We demonstrate that a continuous increase in tumor genomic heterogeneity and distinct molecular clocks correlated with resistance to treatment, eventually allowing tumors to escape from immune control. TCR repertoire loses diversity over time, leading to convergent evolution as breast cancer progresses...
February 21, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382535/synthesis-and-magnetic-properties-of-bis-halobenzene-decamethyldysprosocenium-cations
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophie C Corner, Gemma K Gransbury, Iñigo J Vitorica-Yrezabal, George F S Whitehead, Nicholas F Chilton, David P Mills
The decamethyldysprosocenium cation, [Dy(Cp*)2 ]+ (Cp* = {C5 Me5 }), was a target single-molecule magnet (SMM) prior to the isolation of larger dysprosocenium cations, which have recently shown magnetic memory effects up to 80 K. However, the relatively short Dy···Cp*centroid distances of [Dy(Cp*)2 ]+ , together with the reduced resonance of its vibrational modes with electronic states compared to larger dysprosocenium cations, could lead to more favorable SMM behavior. Here, we report the synthesis and magnetic properties of a series of solvated adducts containing bis-halobenzene decamethyldysprosocenium cations, namely [Dy(Cp*)2 (PhX-κ- X )2 ][Al{OC(CF3 )3 }4 ] (X = F or Cl) and [Dy(Cp*)2 (C6 H4 F2 -κ2 - F , F )(C6 H4 F2 -κ- F )][Al{OC(CF3 )3 }4 ]...
February 21, 2024: Inorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364361/lstm-cnn-an-efficient-diagnostic-network-for-parkinson-s-disease-utilizing-dynamic-handwriting-analysis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuechao Wang, Junqing Huang, Marianna Chatzakou, Kadri Medijainen, Aaro Toomela, Sven Nõmm, Michael Ruzhansky
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dynamic handwriting analysis, due to its noninvasive and readily accessible nature, has emerged as a vital adjunctive method for the early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). An essential step involves analysing subtle variations in signals to quantify PD dysgraphia. Although previous studies have explored extracting features from the overall signal, they may ignore the potential importance of local signal segments. In this study, we propose a lightweight network architecture to analyse dynamic handwriting signal segments of patients and present visual diagnostic results, providing an efficient diagnostic method...
February 9, 2024: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
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