Core shell

Oxygen therapy cannot rescue local lung hypoxia in patients with severe respiratory failure. Here, an inhalable platform is reported for overcoming the aberrant hypoxia-induced immune changes and alveolar damage using camouflaged poly(lactic- co -glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticles with macrophage apoptotic body membrane (cMAB). cMABs are preloaded with mitochondria-targeting superoxide dismutase/catalase nanocomplexes (NCs) and modified with pathology-responsive macrophage growth factor colony-stimulating factor (CSF) chains, which form a core-shell platform called C-cMAB/NC with efficient deposition in deeper alveoli and high affinity to alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) after CSF chains are cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase 9...

The ideal interface design between the metal and substrate is crucial in determining the overall performance of the alkyne semihydrogenation reaction. Single-atom alloys (SAAs) with isolated dispersed active centers are ideal media for the study of reaction effects. Herein, a charge-asymmetry "armor" SAA (named Pd1 Fe SAA@PC), which consists of a Pd1 Fe alloy core and a semiconducting P-doped C (PC) shell, is rationally designed as an ideal catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of alkynes with high efficiency...

The dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation was used to study the morphologies and structures of the paclitaxel-loaded PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA polymeric micelle. We focused on the influences of PLA block length, PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA copolymer concentration, paclitaxel drug content on morphologies and structures of the micelle. Our simulations show that: (i) with the PLA block length increase, the self-assemble structure of PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA copolymers with paclitaxel vary between onion-like structure (core-middle layer-shell) to spherical core-shell structure...

This study innovatively addresses challenges in enhancing upconversion efficiency in lanthanide-based nanoparticles (UCNPs) by exploiting Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a microorganism capable of extracellular electron transfer. Electroactive membranes, rich in c-type cytochromes, are extracted from bacteria and integrated into membrane-integrated liposomes (MILs), encapsulating core-shelled UCNPs with an optically inactive shell, forming UCNP@MIL constructs. The electroactive membrane, tailored to donate electrons through the inert shell, independently boosts upconversion emission under near-infrared excitation (980 nm or 1550 nm), bypassing ligand-sensitized UCNPs...

The photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) in aqueous solution is a green and sustainable strategy for ammonia production. Nonetheless, the efficiency of the process still has a wide gap compared to that of the Haber-Bosch one due to the difficulty of N2 activation and the quick recombination of photo-generated carriers. Herein, a core-shell Bi@Bi2 MoO6 microsphere through constructing Schottky junctions has been explored as a robust photocatalyst toward N2 reduction to NH3 . Metal Bi self-reduced onto Bi2 MoO6 not only spurs the photo-generated electron and hole separation owing to the Schottky junction at the interface of Bi and Bi2 MoO6 but also promotes N2 adsorption and activation at Bi active sites synchronously...

Vibrational coherence has attracted considerable research interests because of its potential functions in light harvesting systems. Although positive signs of vibrational coherence in metal nanoclusters have been observed, the underlying mechanism remains to be verified. Here, we demonstrate that robust vibrational coherence with a lifetime of 1 ps can be clearly identified in Ag44 (SR)30 core-shell nanoclusters, in which an icosahedral Ag12 core is well protected by a dodecahedral Ag20 cage. Ultrafast spectroscopy reveals that two vibrational modes at around 2...

Radiotherapy-induced immune activation holds great promise for optimizing cancer treatment efficacy. Here, we describe a clinically used radiosensitizer hafnium oxide (HfO2 ) that was core coated with a MnO2 shell followed by a glucose oxidase (GOx) doping nanoplatform (HfO2 @MnO2 @GOx, HMG) to trigger ferroptosis adjuvant effects by glutathione depletion and reactive oxygen species production. This ferroptosis cascade potentiation further sensitized radiotherapy by enhancing DNA damage in 4T1 breast cancer tumor cells...

Amygdala functional dysconnectivity lies at the heart of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Recent preclinical studies suggest that the amygdala is a heterogeneous group of nuclei, whose specific connectivity could drive positive or negative emotional valence. We investigated functional connectivity (FC) changes within these circuits emerging from each amygdala's subdivision in 127 patients with BD in different mood states and 131 healthy controls (HC), who underwent resting-state functional MRI...

Liposomes are nanosized, spherical vesicles consisting of an aqueous core encircled by one or more phospholipid bilayer shells. Liposomes have found extensive use in numerous biomedicine and nanomedicine applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, adaptable chemical composition, ease of preparation, and diverse structural characteristics. These applications include nanocarriers for drug delivery, immunoassays, nutraceuticals, tissue engineering, clinical diagnostics, and theranostics formulations...

In this study, copper oxide (CuO) was prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique subsequently, CuO was grown in situ onto different rare metal compounds to prepare Z-scheme heterojunctions to improve the degradation efficiency of tetracycline (TC) in water environments. Various characterization proved the successful synthesis of all composite materials, and the formation of tight heterojunction interfaces, among which, the core-shell structure ZnIn2 S4 @CuO exhibited excellent photocatalytic degradation capability...

Organic transistors based on organic semiconductors together with quantum dots (QDs) are attracting more and more interest because both materials have excellent optoelectronic properties and solution processability. Electronics based on nontoxic QDs are highly desired considering the potential health risks but are limited by elevated surface defects, inadequate stability, and diminished luminescent efficiency. Herein, organic synaptic transistors based on environmentally friendly ZnSe/ZnS core/shell QDs with passivating surface defects are developed, exhibiting optically programmable and electrically erasable characteristics...

Mild photothermal therapy (PTT) is a spatiotemporally controllable method that utilizes the photothermal effect at relatively low temperatures (40-45 °C) to especially eliminate tumor tissues with negligible side effects on the surrounding normal tissues. However, the overexpression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and limited effect of single treatment drastically impeded the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, the constructed multifunctional core-shell structured Ag-Cu@SiO2 -PDA/GOx nanoreactors (APG NRs) that provide a dual inhibition of HSP70 strategy for the second near-infrared photoacoustic (NIR-II PA) imaging-guided combined mild PTT/chemodynamic therapy (CDT)...

Spherical particles with diameters within the wavelength of visible light, known as spherulites, manipulate light uniquely due to their spatial organization and their structural birefringence. Most of the known crystalline spherulites are branched, and composed of metals, alloys, and semi-crystalline polymers. Recently, a different spherulite architecture was discovered in the vision systems of decapod crustaceans - core-shell spherulites composed of highly birefringent (Δn ∼ 30%) organic single-crystal platelets, with exceptional optical properties...

Conventional wastewater treatment processes are often unable to remove antibiotics with resistant compounds and low biological degradation. The need for advanced and sustainable technologies to remove antibiotics from water sources seems essential. In this regard, the effectiveness of a spinning disc photocatalytic reactor (SDPR) equipped with a visible light-activated Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -NH2 @CuO/ZnO core-shell (FSNCZ CS) thin film photocatalyst was investigated for the decomposition of amoxicillin (AMX), a representative antibiotic...

Lanthanide nanoparticle (LnNP) scintillators exhibit huge potential in achieving radionuclide-activated luminescence (radioluminescence, RL). However, their structure-activity relationship remains largely unexplored. Herein, progressive optimization of LnNP scintillators is presented to unveil their structure-dependent RL property and enhance their RL output efficiency. Benefiting from the favorable host matrix and the luminescence-protective effect of core-shell engineering, NaGdF4:15%Eu@NaLuF4 nanoparticle scintillators with tailored structures emerged as the top candidates...

BACKGROUND: Trace levels of organic and inorganic lead and mercury species in the environment, including divalent lead (Pb2+ ), trimethyllead (TML), divalent mercury (Hg2+ ), monomethylmercury (MeHg), and ethylmercury (EtHg), are highly toxic to humans and ecology. It is of great importance for speciation of lead and mercury to evaluate the toxicity of lead and mercury and their biogeochemistry in the environment. However, simultaneous multi-elemental enrichment and speciation at trace level remains a challenge...

This experiment prepared magnetic composite siderophores (DMPs) with strong magnetism, excellent adsorption capacity, and high specific surface area. Exploring the synergistic effect of magnetic nanoparticles and siderophores on Microcystis aeruginosa growth under iron-deficient condition, by utilizing the characteristics of the three-layer core-shell structure of DMPs. This study elucidated the potential mechanism by which DMPs promote the cyanobacterial growth through physiological indicators and transcriptome analysis...

Stimulus-responsive nanomaterials, particularly with targeting capabilities, have garnered significant attention in the cancer therapy. However, the biological safety of these innovative materials in vivo remains unknown, posing a hurdle to their clinical application. Here, a pH/H2 O2 dual-responsive and targeting nano carrier system (NCS) was developed using core shell structure of Fe3 O4 mesoporous silicon (MSN@Fe3 O4 ) as main body, scutellarin (SCU) as antitumor drug and polymer cyclodextrin (PCD) as molecular switch (denoted as PCD@SCU@MSN@Fe3 O4 , abbreviated as NCS)...

Liver cancer is a common cancer in the world, and core-shell nanoparticles as a commonly used combination therapy for local tumor ablation, have many shortcomings. In this study, photothermal Janus nanofibers were prepared using a electrospinning technology for tumor treatment, and the products were characterized and in vitro photothermal performance investigated. The micromorphology analysis showed that the photothermic agent CuS and electrospun fibers (loaded with CuS and anticancer drug dihydromyricetin) were successfully prepared, with diameters of 11...

For ethylene purification, C2 H6 -selective metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential to directly produce polymer-grade C2 H4 from C2 H6 /C2 H4 mixtures. Most C2 H6 -traping MOFs are ultra-microporous structures so as to strengthen multiple supramolecular interactions with C2 H6 . However, the narrowed pore channels of C2 H6 -traping MOFs cause large guest diffusion barriers, greatly hampering their practical applications. Herein, we present a feasible strategy by precisely constructing hierarchically porous MOF@COF core-shell structures to address this issue...