convulsive syncope

OBJECTIVE: Carotid sinus syndrome (CSS) is a rare yet serious presentation of head and neck malignancy. To our knowledge, syncope and seizure-like episodes as a manifestation of carotid sinus syndrome secondary to laryngeal cancer has not been reported to date. We report a case of laryngeal cancer causing convulsive syncope masquerading as seizures due to CSS. METHODS: Case report. The patient's medical record was reviewed for demographic and clinical information...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum prolactin (PRL) and lactate (LAC) concentrations for patients presenting with either or both convulsions and transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) in the emergency room (ER). METHODS: This was a retrospective single-center study conducted in a tertiary care hospital ER. Medical records of consecutive patients who presented with convulsions or TLOC between January 2018 and December 2020 were reviewed. Patients with an ER diagnosis of epileptic seizures, psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES), and syncope were selected for analysis...

BACKGROUND: Neurological manifestation of Takayasu's Arteritis (TA) in pregnancy presenting as convulsive syncope is extremely rare, and poses a serious diagnostic dilemma due to other vast causes of fits in pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to present and shed more light on a case of TA with convulsive syncope in pregnancy refractory to anticonvulsants for seven weeks, and review the literature on the management of TA in pregnancy. CASE PRESENTATION: A gravida 4 para 3+0 at 28 weeks of amenorrhea presented with repeated episodes of the sudden loss of consciousness, followed by a fall and jerking of the limbs...

Reflex anoxic seizures are a type of convulsive syncope seen more commonly in children. In rare cases, they may develop into true epileptic seizures. There is no current consensus on treatment. In this case report, we present an adult patient with reflex anoxic seizures, along with EEG monitoring from an event. Our patient had a successful trial with intranasal midazolam preventing the episode, suggesting that anxiety played a significant role in her case. Reflex anoxic seizures in adults are rare and need to be properly identified, as treatment can lead to significant improvements in patient quality of life...

Syncopal convulsions and epileptic seizures are clinically hard to distinguish and differ in terms of treatment approaches. It is important to consider the cardiac arrhythmias that impair cerebral perfusion in the differential diagnosis of antiepileptic treatment-resistant convulsions. Here we offer a 72 year old male patient glossopharengial neuralgia after swallowing associated with recurrent episodes of syncopal convulsions. The patient was successfully treated with temporary pacemaker and carbamazepine...

History and physical examination are the diagnostic cornerstones of transient loss of consciousness (TLOC). However, details can be scarce and examination unrevealing, thus making the diagnosis elusive. In a case of convulsive TLOC, the initial diagnosis was incorrect, but a fortuitously captured event on telemetry yielded the diagnosis: extrinsic idiopathic atrioventricular block. ( Level of Difficulty: Beginner. ).

Differential diagnosis of seizures and convulsive syncope may be challenging in clinical practice. Furthermore, a misleading diagnosis of epilepsy may be detrimental for the patient as it often implies an over-prescription and an over-use of antiepileptic drugs which can cause adverse reactions. Moreover, a wrong diagnosis also causes distress to the patient with the risk of performing plenty of investigations without any benefits on the symptoms. In this case, we present a 57-year-old patient suffering from recurrent convulsive syncope over the last 7 years for which he underwent several cardiological and neurological tests and took plenty of antiepileptic drugs without any benefits on his convulsive episodes with loss of consciousness...

A subgroup of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) patients may also have features of neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS). Syncope and presyncope are predominant clinical features in this subgroup of patients. Asystole has been reported as the cause of some recurrent syncopal episodes following evaluation with an implantable loop recorder (ILR). We present our experience of pacing in a group of patients with POTS and NCS, which resulted in the complete elimination of syncope. We reviewed the charts of 500 patients at the University of Toledo Medical Center from 2003 to 2013 and identified 40 patients who were eligible for inclusion in this study...

We present the electroencephalographic and electrocardiographic tracing obtained in an 8-year old boy who experienced malignant vasovagal syncope during the recording. This tracing illustrates the highly specific "slow-flat-slow" sequence described in cases of syncope induced by severe cerebral hypoperfusion.

OBJECTIVE: Takayasu arteritis is a rare granulomatous chronic vasculitis that affects the aorta and its main branches. Neurologic manifestations can accompany the disease; however, there is no study on neuroimaging in children with Takayasu arteritis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained retrospectively. RESULTS: The study included 15 pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients...

BACKGROUND: While transient loss of consciousness is a frequent presenting symptom, differential diagnosis between syncope and epilepsy can be challenging. Misdiagnosis of epilepsy leads to important psychosocial consequences and eliminates the opportunity to treat patient's true condition. CASE SUMMARY: A 39-year-old woman presenting with recurrent seizures since her childhood was referred to neurological consultation. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) and magnetic resonance imaging previously performed were normal...

Chiari malformation type I (CM1) is defined as cerebellar tonsillar herniation below the level of the foramen magnum. Syncope, especially cough syncope, is a rare but important symptom of CM1 patients. Here, we report a CM1 patient, in combination with brainstem herniation (CM1.5), presenting with repetitive syncope who was successfully treated by decompressive surgery. A 43-year-old right-handed male, with 5-year history of repeated episodes of loss of consciousness in association with cough, was investigated...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Critically ill and injured patients are at a higher risk of developing clinical deterioration during inter-facility transfers. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate and risk factors of clinical deterioration among critically ill patients during inter-facility transfers in Thailand. METHODS: The present cohort study was conducted in 22 referring hospitals and 7 receiving hospitals under the supervision of Ministry of Public Health, Thailand, between March 15 and December 31, 2018...

A 17-year-old woman presented with transient consciousness impairment attack and convulsion after bathing and prolonged standing since age 12. EEG showed WHAM ( wake, high amplitude, anterior, male) type of phantom spikes that usually carry the high risk of epilepsy at age 13. At age 17, EEG wise generalized spike and wave complex was recorded once, and head-up tilt test was positive. She was carefully observed without antiepileptic drugs since convulsive syncope due to neurally mediated syncope was most likely...

BACKGROUND: Transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) is common among children and adolescents. The aims of this study were to identify clinical differences between patients with vasovagal syncope and those with epileptic seizures, which account for a large proportion of TLOC cases, and to evaluate the effectiveness of various diagnostic tests. METHODS: The medical records of 160 children and adolescents with TLOC were analyzed retrospectively, and age, sex, clinical symptoms, and trigger factors were recorded...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND Transient abrupt loss of consciousness due to sudden but pronounced decrease in cardiac output caused by a change in heart rate and rhythm is termed Stokes-Adams disease. Causes of Stokes-Adams syndrome are 1) transition from normal rhythm to high grade block, 2) slowing of idioventricular rhythm in the course of complete heart block, and 3) abnormal ventricular rhythm such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Paroxysmal ventricular standstill is one of the rarest causes of Stokes-Adams attack...

A 38-year-old woman presented with a history of recurrent episodes of transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) with seizure-like activity and post-TLOC left sided paresis. Electroencephalogram and MRI of the brain were normal, and events were not controlled by anti-convulsant therapy. Tilt testing produced reflex mixed pattern vasovagal syncope, with exact symptom reproduction, including bilateral upper and lower limb myoclonic movements and post-TLOC left hemiparesis that persisted for 27 min. A witness for the tilt event confirmed reproduction of patients 'typical' TLOC event...

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of vasovagal syncope (VVS) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in children with neurological symptoms at disease onset. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 88 children with the initial symptoms of the nervous system, such as transient loss of consciousness, dizziness, headache, and convulsion, who were finally diagnosed with VVS or POTS. RESULTS: Of the 88 children, there were 35 boys (40%) and 53 girls (60%), with an age of 4-15 years...