Cardio vascular spasms

Vascular toxicity caused by cancer treatment can present as vasospasm, arterial thrombosis, and accelerated atherosclerosis. We report a case of a 60-year-old man with metastatic renal cell carcinoma under cabozantinib treatment for 3 years who presented to the hospital with relapsing episodes of rest angina. Due to the presence of ST depression in the 12-lead electrocardiogram and elevated troponin, a non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was suspected. The patient underwent invasive coronary angiography, which revealed extended coronary artery spasm, and it subsided totally after nitrate administration...

BACKGROUND: Nilotinib, a second-generation BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is highly effective in the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), despite being more vasculotoxic than older TKIs such as imatinib. Herein, we present a case of nilotinib-associated vasospastic angina confirmed by an acetylcholine spasm provocation test. CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old CML patient treated with 300 mg nilotinib twice daily complained of several episodes of rest angina and was hospitalized at our institution...

The technique of balloon-assisted tracking (BAT) has been demonstrated in transradial cardio-angiographic procedures. Using three commonly encountered clinical scenarios, we outline the technical details of BAT for managing peripheral and cerebral interventions with challenging vascular access. We describe methods used to overcome vasospasm, stenosis and vascular shelves during interventions for acute ischemic stroke, but these issues are not unique to neuroendovascular cases and the techniques can be applied across all endovascular interventions...

Fluoropyrimidine (FP) is used to treat a wide range of cancers; however, it is associated with drug-induced vascular toxicity, as well as angina pectoris and coronary spasm. FP has been administered for many years, although the incidence, mechanisms, and appropriate methods for managing its associated cardiovascular toxicities have not been clarified, and the management of these complications has not been standardized. This lack of evidence is not limited to FP. Many trials of anticancer agents have been conducted, excluding patients with heart diseases...

BACKGROUND: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is caused by pulsative vascular compression of the root exit zone (REZ) of the facial nerve. However, the mechanism that causes the offending vessels to compress the REZ has not been clarified. Elongation of intracranial arteries due to arteriosclerosis is one possibility, but such arteriosclerotic changes are not observed very frequently among patients with HFS. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether arteriosclerotic changes would contribute to the pathogenesis of HFS...

Stroke is an ischemic event in 80% and hemorrhagic in 20%, which can be distinguished by computed tomography of the brain. Unfortunately, no routinely applicable therapy is available for stroke. Several thrombolysis studies are underway and their results will become available in the next few years. Hemodilution has been abandoned except for hematocrits above 50%. Calcium antagonists such as nimodipine reduce vascular spasms after subarachnoidal hemorrhage, but their administration after ischemic stroke is unsuccessful...

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We report on 15 patients with velo-cardiofacial syndrome who had a severe form of tetralogy of Fallot (pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries). Noncardiac anomalies in these patients included typical facial and ear anomalies in 15, nasal speech in 13, palate anomalies in 10, and developmental delay in 10. Seven patients had significant bronchospasm, which has not been reported in association with the velo-cardio-facial syndrome. All 15 patients had severe abnormalities of the arborization of the pulmonary arterial tree, which also has not been reported in velo-cardio-facial syndrome...

We report the results of a large-scale trial with mifepristone (RU 486) followed by the administration of a prostaglandin (PG) analogue for the medical termination of early pregnancy. Altogether, 16,173 patients from 300 centers were evaluated. 48 women (0.3%) were lost to follow-up prior to, and 416 (2.6%) after the PG administration, and therefore the efficacy was evaluated in 15,709 women. Overall, the success rate was 95.3%, with no statistical difference regarding the nature and dose of PG used. The median duration of bleeding was 8 days, being 12 days or less in 89...