Massimiliano Calabrese, Paolo Preziosa, Antonio Scalfari, Elisa Colato, Damiano Marastoni, Martina Absinta, Marco Battaglini, Nicola De Stefano, Massimiliano Di Filippo, Simon Hametner, Owain W Howell, Matilde Inglese, Hans Lassmann, Roland Martin, Richard Nicholas, Richard Reynolds, Maria A Rocca, Agnese Tamanti, Marco Vercellino, Luisa Maria Villar, Massimo Filippi, Roberta Magliozzi
Clinical, pathological, and imaging evidence in multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests that a smoldering inflammatory activity is present from the earliest stages of the disease and underlies the progression of disability, which proceeds relentlessly and independently of clinical and radiological relapses (PIRA). The complex system of pathological events driving "chronic" worsening is likely linked with the early accumulation of compartmentalized inflammation within the central nervous system as well as insufficient repair phenomena and mitochondrial failure...
April 3, 2024: Annals of Neurology