keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33077817/enhanced-physical-and-cognitive-performance-in-active-duty-airmen-evidence-from-a-randomized-multimodal-physical-fitness-and-nutritional-intervention
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher E Zwilling, Adam Strang, Evan Anderson, Jennifer Jurcsisn, Erica Johnson, Tapas Das, Matthew J Kuchan, Aron K Barbey
Achieving military mission objectives requires high levels of performance from Airmen who operate under extreme physical and cognitive demands. Thus, there is a critical need to establish scientific interventions to enhance physical fitness and cognitive performance-promoting the resilience of Airmen and aiding in mission success. We therefore conducted a comprehensive, 12-week randomized controlled trial in active-duty Air Force Airmen (n = 148) to compare the efficacy of a multimodal intervention comprised of high-intensity interval aerobic fitness and strength training paired with a novel nutritional supplement [comprised of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), lutein, phospholipids, DHA and selected micronutrients including B12 and folic acid] to high-intensity interval aerobic fitness and strength training paired with a standard of care placebo beverage...
October 19, 2020: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33034021/effects-of-oral-administration-of-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-on-lean-body-mass-in-older-adults-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#2
REVIEW
Zebin Lin, Yipin Zhao, Qingwei Chen
OBJECTIVE: Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a metabolite of leucine, is currently widely used in athletes to increase muscle mass and strength and has also been used as a nutritional supplement in recent years to maintain muscle mass in muscular atrophic diseases of older people. However, the effects of HMB supplementation on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in older people remain controversial. The purpose of this review was to explore the effects of HMB on body composition in older adults...
April 2021: European Geriatric Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33031516/factors-influencing-the-efficacy-of-nutritional-interventions-on-muscle-mass-in-older-adults-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aitana Martin-Cantero, Esmee M Reijnierse, Benjamin M T Gill, Andrea B Maier
CONTEXT: Nutritional interventions stimulate muscle protein synthesis in older adults. To optimize muscle mass preservation and gains, several factors, including type, dose, frequency, timing, duration, and adherence have to be considered. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize these factors influencing the efficacy of nutritional interventions on muscle mass in older adults. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was performed using the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus from inception date to November 22, 2017, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines...
February 11, 2021: Nutrition Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32890860/nutritional-interventions-during-bed-rest-and-spaceflight-prevention-of-muscle-mass-and-strength-loss-bone-resorption-glucose-intolerance-and-cardiovascular-problems
#4
REVIEW
Ruirui Gao, Philip D Chilibeck
Bed rest is necessary for many medical conditions but also used as a ground-based model for space flight (along with head-down tilt to simulate fluid shifts in microgravity). The purpose of this review is to examine nutritional interventions during bed rest and spaceflight for prevention of muscle and strength loss, glucose intolerance, bone resorption, and cardiovascular problems. Increased dietary protein intake and supplementation with amino acids, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, or cofactors with antioxidant properties are effective for ameliorating bed rest-induced loss of muscle mass and strength...
July 8, 2020: Nutrition Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32857128/long-term-effects-of-calcium-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-and-vitamin-d3-supplementation-on-muscular-function-in-older-adults-with-and-without-resistance-training-a-randomized-double-blind-controlled-study
#5
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
John A Rathmacher, Lisa M Pitchford, Paul Khoo, Hector Angus, James Lang, Kristin Lowry, Carol Ruby, Alex C Krajek, John C Fuller, Rick L Sharp
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation with calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and vitamin D3 (D) would enhance muscle function and strength in older adults. Older adults over 60 years of age with insufficient circulating 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OH-D) levels were enrolled in a double-blinded controlled 12-month study. Study participants were randomly assigned to treatments consisting of: (a) Control + no exercise, (b) HMB+D + no exercise, (c) Control + exercise, and (d) HMB+D + exercise...
October 15, 2020: Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32774671/the-effects-of-calcium-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-on-aging-associated-apoptotic-signaling-and-muscle-mass-and-function-in-unloaded-but-nonatrophied-extensor-digitorum-longus-muscles-of-aged-rats
#6
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Brian T Bennett, Junaith S Mohamed, Stephen E Alway
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a naturally occurring leucine metabolite, has been shown to attenuate plantar flexor muscle loss and increase myogenic stem cell activation during reloading after a period of significant muscle wasting by disuse in old rodents. However, it was less clear if HMB would alter dorsiflexor muscle response to unloading or reloading when there was no significant atrophy that was induced by unloading. In this study, we tested if calcium HMB (Ca-HMB) would improve muscle function and alter apoptotic signaling in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) of aged animals that were unloaded but did not undergo atrophy...
2020: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32677037/nutritional-interventions-for-treating-foot-ulcers-in-people-with-diabetes
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zena Eh Moore, Meave A Corcoran, Declan Patton
BACKGROUND: Foot ulcers in people with diabetes are non-healing, or poorly healing, partial, or full-thickness wounds below the ankle. These ulcers are common, expensive to manage and cause significant morbidity and mortality. The presence of a wound has an impact on nutritional status because of the metabolic cost of repairing tissue damage, in addition to the nutrient losses via wound fluid. Nutritional interventions may improve wound healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of nutritional interventions on the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes...
July 17, 2020: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32661771/nutritional-interventions-for-reducing-the-signs-and-symptoms-of-exercise-induced-muscle-damage-and-accelerate-recovery-in-athletes-current-knowledge-practical-application-and-future-perspectives
#8
REVIEW
Tindaro Bongiovanni, Federico Genovesi, Monika Nemmer, Christopher Carling, Giampietro Alberti, Glyn Howatson
PURPOSE: This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the nutritional strategies to treat the signs and symptoms related to EIMD. These strategies have been organized into the following sections based upon the quality and quantity of the scientific support available: (1) interventions with a good level of evidence; (2) interventions with some evidence and require more research; and (3) potential nutritional interventions with little to-no-evidence to support efficacy...
September 2020: European Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32540677/dietary-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-improves-intestinal-function-in-weaned-piglets-after-lipopolysaccharide-challenge
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changbing Zheng, Bo Song, Yehui Duan, Yinzhao Zhong, Zhaoming Yan, Shiyu Zhang, Fengna Li
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on intestinal function of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets. METHODS: Forty weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The major factors were challenge (saline or LPS) and diet (basal diet or 0.6% HMB-Ca diet). After 15 d of treatment with LPS or HMB, blood and intestine samples were obtained. RESULTS: The results showed that in LPS-injected pigs, HMB supplementation significantly increased jejunal villus height and ileal villus height-to-crypt depth ratio and decreased ileal crypt depth (P < 0...
October 2020: Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32520811/the-best-recipe-fat-based-protein-based-single-amino-acids
#10
REVIEW
Pierre Singer, Yehuda D Glass, Ilya Kagan
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Instead of comparing iso versus low energy or high versus low protein intake, the proportions between nutrients and the effects of specific amino or fatty acids may yield promising benefits for the nutritional therapy of critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS: Larger proportion of carbohydrates than lipids is usual in most of the commercial products. However, patients suffering from sepsis and from acute kidney injury preferentially utilize lipids...
August 2020: Current Opinion in Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32516908/nutritional-strategies-to-optimize-performanceand-recovery-in-rowing-athletes
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jooyoung Kim, Eun-Kyung Kim
Rowing is a high-intensity sport requiring a high level of aerobic and anaerobic capacity. Although good nutrition is essential for successful performance in a rowing competition, its significance is not sufficiently established. This review aimed to provide nutritional strategies to optimize performance and recovery in rowing athletes based on a literature review. Following the guidelines given in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we performed web searches using online databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, ACS Publications, and SciFinder)...
June 5, 2020: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32487098/the-influence-of-dietary-supplementation-with-the-leucine-metabolite-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-hmb-on-the-chemotaxis-phagocytosis-and-respiratory-burst-of-peripheral-blood-granulocytes-and-monocytes-in-calves
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roman Wójcik, Joanna Małaczewska, Grzegorz Zwierzchowski, Jan Miciński, Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
BACKGROUND: A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and oxidative burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of calves by flow cytometry. RESULTS: An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)...
June 1, 2020: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32483625/nutritional-interventions-to-improve-muscle-mass-muscle-strength-and-physical-performance-in-older-people-an-umbrella-review-of-systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evelien Gielen, David Beckwée, Andreas Delaere, Sandra De Breucker, Maurits Vandewoude, Ivan Bautmans
CONTEXT: Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, and death. The Belgian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics has developed evidence-based guidelines for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. This umbrella review presents the results of the Working Group on Nutritional Interventions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this umbrella review was to provide an evidence-based overview of nutritional interventions targeting sarcopenia or at least 1 of the 3 sarcopenia criteria (ie, muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical performance) in persons aged ≥ 65 years...
January 9, 2021: Nutrition Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32460801/the-addition-of-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-hmb-to-creatine-monohydrate-supplementation-does-not-improve-anthropometric-and-performance-maintenance-across-a-collegiate-rugby-season
#14
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Gerald T Mangine, Trisha A VanDusseldorp, Garrett M Hester, Jennifer M Julian, Yuri Feito
BACKGROUND: Muscular damage sustained while playing rugby may hinder performance across a season. β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) may help attenuate muscle damage and maintain lean mass and performance. This study sought to determine the effect of combining HMB with creatine monohydrate supplementation on measures of stress and muscle damage, body composition, strength and sprinting kinetics throughout a rugby season. METHODS: This double-blind, cross-over investigation recruited 16 male collegiate rugby players to provide resting blood samples and complete assessments of body composition, strength and sprinting performance prior to their fall season (PREFALL )...
May 27, 2020: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32456217/supplementation-with-the-leucine-metabolite-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-hmb-does-not-improve-resistance-exercise-induced-changes-in-body-composition-or-strength-in-young-subjects-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#15
REVIEW
Josephine S Jakubowski, Everson A Nunes, Filipe J Teixeira, Victoria Vescio, Robert W Morton, Laura Banfield, Stuart M Phillips
β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a leucine metabolite that is purported to increase fat-free mass (FFM) gain and performance in response to resistance exercise training (RET). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of HMB supplementation in augmenting FFM and strength gains during RET in young adults. Outcomes investigated were: total body mass (TBM), FFM, fat mass (FM), total single repetition maximum (1RM), bench press (BP) 1RM, and lower body (LwB) 1RM. Databases consulted were: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Excerpta Medica database (Embase), The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and SportDiscus...
May 23, 2020: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32281915/low-dose-of-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-hmb-alleviates-muscle-strength-loss-and-limited-joint-flexibility-following-eccentric-contractions
#16
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Yosuke Tsuchiya, Hisashi Ueda, Naoki Sugita, Eisuke Ochi
Objective: The optimal dose of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) required for decreasing muscle damage remains unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the supplemental effect of low-dose HMB on muscle damage following eccentric contractions (ECCs) of human elbow flexors. Methods: Twenty untrained men (aged 20-26; height, 169.4 ± 5.7 cm; weight, 68.2 ± 11.3 kg; body mass index, 23.7 ± 3.3) completed the double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design study...
2021: Journal of the American College of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32273630/a-prospective-trial-to-evaluate-treatment-effects-of-a-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-containing-nutrient-for-leakage-at-the-anastomotic-site-after-esophagectomy
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mitsuro Kanda, Masahiko Koike, Masahide Fukaya, Kazushi Miyata, Chie Tanaka, Daisuke Kobayashi, Masamichi Hayashi, Suguru Yamada, Goro Nakayama, Kenta Murotani, Michitaka Fujiwara, Masato Nagino, Yasuhiro Kodera
Anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy is associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased medical cost. Additionally, it sometimes leads to a fatal condition and impaired postoperative quality of life. During the process of wound healing, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is important for collagen biosynthesis. An open-label prospective intervention trial has been designed to evaluate the treatment effect of an enteral nutrient containing HMB with arginine and glutamine (Abound, Abbott Japan Co., Ltd...
February 2020: Nagoya Journal of Medical Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32164702/combined-protein-and-calcium-%C3%AE-hydroxy-%C3%AE-methylbutyrate-induced-gains-in-leg-fat-free-mass-a-double-blinded-placebo-controlled-study
#18
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Alexander C Stahn, Martina Anna Maggioni, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Elmarie Terblanche
BACKGROUND: The leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is widely used as an ergogenic supplement to increase resistance-training induced gains in fat free mass (FFM) and strength in healthy adults. Recent studies have questioned the effectiveness of HMB, particularly when a high protein diet is habitually consumed. To investigate the additive resistance-training induced effects of HMB and protein in untrained individuals, we conducted a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study that compared the effects of combined protein and HMB supplementation to protein supplementation alone on FFM and muscle strength after 12-week resistance training...
March 12, 2020: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32093724/prevalence-of-dietary-supplement-use-by-gym-members-in-portugal-and-associated-factors
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
João Ruano, Vitor Hugo Teixeira
BACKGROUND: Although there seems to be an increasing interest in the use of dietary supplements in those who exercise recreationally and want to improve body composition, there is little published data regarding gym users and dietary supplement use. METHODS: This cross-sectional study describes the prevalence and type of supplements used by gyms members, the reasons for using them and the information source using a self-administered online questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 459 participants (301 females) who answered the survey, 43...
February 24, 2020: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32035752/comprehensive-metabolic-flux-analysis-to-explain-skeletal-muscle-weakness-in-copd
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariëlle P K J Engelen, Renate Jonker, John J Thaden, Gabriella A M Ten Have, Moon Sun Jeon, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Nicolaas E P Deutz
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Metabolic characterization of a well-defined group of patients could be a powerful tool in revealing metabolic signatures to explain limb muscle weakness in chronic diseases. Studies are currently limited in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to the identification of differential amino acid concentrations but lack comprehensive analysis of the flux through relevant muscle function related metabolic pathways. METHODS: In 23 stable patients with moderate to very severe COPD and 19 healthy controls, a comprehensive metabolic flux analysis was conducted by administering an intravenous pulse and primed constant infusion of multiple stable tracers of amino acids known to play a role in muscle health...
October 2020: Clinical Nutrition
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