Sclerosing papillary thyroid cancer

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid cancer is an inert malignant tumor with a good response to surgical treatment, low recurrence and metastasis rate, and good prognosis. Diffuse sclerosing thyroid cancer is an invasive subtype that is more common in young people, with a higher rate of lymph node metastasis and recurrence, and a relatively poor prognosis. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 13-year-old girl underwent radical surgery for diffuse sclerosing thyroid cancer. Eight years later, due to a large number of lymph node metastases, she underwent another radical surgery on her neck lymph nodes...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Occult papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is PTC with metastasis but without identification of primary thyroid cancer on preoperative ultrasonography. Published reports on occult PTC in children are limited. CASE REPORT: We describe a 16-year-old female with occult PTC who initially presented with a painless left sided cystic neck mass. Diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid cancer was found in the resected neck mass and thyroid ultrasound did not show any nodules or features of carcinoma...

BACKGROUND: The current edition of the World Health Organization classification of endocrine tumors introduced grading for follicular cell derived thyroid cancer. Tumors with necrosis and/or high mitotic count but not fulfilling Turin criteria for poorly differentiated carcinoma will be reclassified as differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma (DHGTC). However, the impact of this reclassification has not been evaluated. We here performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of this new entry across thyroid tumor subtypes...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) originates from the follicular cell of the thyroid gland. PTC is a rare cancer and usually develops in pre-existing thyroid nodules, which are not common in children. PTC is often multifocal and bilateral. Low-risk subtypes such as classic PTC and follicular variant account for the majority of PTC, while high-risk histologic subtypes such as tall cell variant, diffuse sclerosing variant and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer occur more rarely in children. It is worth noting that the size of the thyroid in children is smaller compared to that of adults...

BACKGROUND: Molecular testing has been used as an adjunct to morphological evaluation in the workup of thyroid nodules. This study investigated the impact of two gene fusions, RET/PTC and THADA/IGF2BP3 , that have been described as oncogenic events in thyroid neoplasms. METHODS: We performed a retrospective, single-centered study at a McGill University teaching hospital in Montreal, Canada, from January 2016 to August 2021. We included patients who underwent surgery for thyroid nodules that pre-operatively underwent molecular testing showing either RET/PTC or THADA/IGF2BP3 gene fusion...

Diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSVPTC) is commonly observed in young patients, with a median age at diagnosis in the third decade of life. Further, the risk of recurrence is higher for DSVPTC than for classical PTC. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the clinicopathological and genetic characteristics of patients of different ages with DSVPTC. We retrospectively reviewed 397 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for DSVPTC at Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, from January 2005 to December 2017...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The clinical behaviour and oncologic outcome of diffuse sclerosing papillary thyroid carcinoma (DS-PTC) is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and oncological outcomes of DS-PTC to classic PTC (cPTC) and tall cell PTC (TC-PTC). METHODS: After institutional review board approval, 86 DS-PTC, 2,080 cPTC, and 701 TC-PTC patients treated at MSKCC between 1986 and 2021 were identified. Clinicopathological characteristics were compared by using chi-square test...

CONTEXT: Diffuse sclerosing papillary thyroid cancer (DSPTC) is rare, with limited data on its molecular genetics. We studied the molecular genetics of a cohort of DSPTC. METHODS: DNA was isolated from paraffin blocks of 22 patients with DSPTC (15 females, 7 males, median age 18 years, range 8-81). We performed PCR-based Sanger sequencing and a gene panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) to characterize the genomic landscape of these tumors. We classified genetic alterations to definitely or probably pathogenic...

Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV) is a rare form of thyroid cancer that demonstrates more aggressive histopathology than classical papillary thyroid cancer (c-PTC) however if this leads to worse survival is debated. Many DSVs are driven by fusion events which is of recent clinical importance due to the advent of targeted RET inhibitors. A systematic search and meta-analysis of the literature was preformed to compare outcomes of disease-specific mortality (DSM), metastatic and recurrent disease and the incidence of fusion events between DSV and c-PTC to July 2022...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Background: It is uncertain whether the presence of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) increases the risk of thyroid cancer in children with thyroid nodules. This study evaluated the association between AIT and thyroid cancer in pediatric patients with thyroid nodules. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed of pediatric patients (<19 years old) with a thyroid nodule (≥1 cm) who underwent fine-needle aspiration in an academic pediatric thyroid center. AIT was defined by the presence of thyroid autoantibodies or diffusely heterogeneous sonographic echotexture...

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a fatal disease associated with malignant tumors that progresses to pulmonary hypertension. Gastric cancer is the most common cause, followed by breast cancer and lung cancer, whereas PTTM due to thyroid cancer has not been reported. In addition to pulmonary obstruction by tumor embolism, tumor cells stimulate endothelial cells to release angiogenetic factors, which induce remodeling of pulmonary arteries and veins and lead to lymphatic obstruction. There is limited information on the relationship between thrombus and PTTM...

Introduction: Diffuse sclerosing variant of PTC (DSV-PTC) is an uncommon subtype of thyroid cancer. Although an aggressive behavior is often recognized, prognostic significance is still under debate. Objectives: To describe the clinicopathological features and outcomes of a series of DSV-PTC patients. Methods: Retrospective data collection involving 33 patients diagnosed with DSV-PTC followed at the Endocrine Department of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Lisbon between 1981 and 2020...

BACKGROUND: While some studies suggest that the BRAF V600E mutation correlates with a high-risk phenotype in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), more evidence is necessary before this mutation can be used to help guide decision making in the management of small thyroid nodules. This study investigated whether BRAF V600E mutation is associated with aggressive features in PTMC (≤ 1 cm) and small PTC (1-1.5 cm). METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed on 121 patient cases...

Background: While numerous factors determine prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), distant metastasis (M1) represents one of the most dire. Escalating nodal burden and aggressive histology may contribute to higher metastatic risk, but this relationship is poorly defined and challenging to anticipate. We evaluate the predictive impact of these histological features on predicting distant metastases at initial presentation. Methods: Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models of conventional and aggressive thyroid cancer variants (well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma [WDPTC], diffuse sclerosing variant [DSV], tall cell variant [TCV], poorly differentiated thyroid cancer [PDTC], and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma [ATC]) identified via U...

BACKGROUND: Tall cell and diffuse sclerosing variants of papillary thyroid cancer are associated with aggressive features. Radioactive iodine after total thyroidectomy is poorly studied. METHODS: Patients ≥18 years in the National Cancer Data Base from 2004 to 2016 with classic papillary thyroid cancer, tall cell, or diffuse sclerosing 1 mm to 40 mm were identified. Logistic regression identified factors associated with aggressive features. Overall survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests, after propensity score matching for clinicopathological and treatment variables...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features and biological behaviors of Korean thyroid cancer patients with rare variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to address the ambiguity regarding the prognostic consequences of these variants. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 5,496 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for PTC, between January and December 2012, in nine tertiary hospitals. Rare PTC variants included tall cell (TCV), columnar cell (CCV), diffuse sclerosing (DSV), cribriform-morular (CMV), solid (SV), hobnail, and Warthin-like variants...

Objectives: Pediatric thyroid cancer is rare. Most cases are well-differentiated thyroid cancers (WDTCs). However, gross laryngotracheal invasion of WDTCs is unusual. This report details the first case in English medical literature of a pediatric WDTC invading the trachea. Methods: Thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroglobulin, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, thyroglobulin antibody, chest magnetic resonance imaging, neck ultrasound, neck computed tomography, and fine needle aspiration were performed...