Esophageal disorders /cancers

INTRODUCTION: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder primarily treated with pregabalin and gabapentin, followed by dopamine agonists later in the process due to the risk of augmenting RLS symptoms. In addition, clinical reports have disclosed varying degrees of success employing other agents in patients unresponsive to traditional agents. Here, we present a patient who had success in the reduction of RLS symptoms with lamotrigine, a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant. Previously, lamotrigine had been used in 2 trials with successful treatment of RLS...

In a 79-year-old man, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and CT revealed an entire circumferential type 3 tumor with stenosis from the lower thoracic esophagus to the abdominal esophagus. He was diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma and underwent middle and lower esophageal resection and 2 regional lymph node dissections. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, pT3N0M0, pStage ⅡA esophagogastric junction cancer(Siewert type Ⅱ). The patient was followed-up without postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, following the Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2021(6th edition)...

BACKGROUND: Chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) manifest as prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, while digestive tract cancers (DTCs) present formidable challenges to global well-being. However, extant observational studies proffer uncertain insights into potential causal relationships of constipation and IBS with susceptibility to DTCs. METHODS: We executed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to establish causal connections between these conditions and seven distinct categories of DTCs, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC), hepatocellular cancer (HCC), esophageal malignancy (ESCA), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), biliary tract carcinoma (BTCs), gastric carcinoma (GC), and small intestine neoplasm (SIC)...

IMPORTANCE: Some individuals are predisposed to cancer based on their substance use history, and others may use substances to manage cancer-related symptoms. Yet the intersection of substance use disorder (SUD) and cancer is understudied. Because SUD may affect and be affected by cancer care, it is important to identify cancer populations with a high prevalence of SUD, with the goal of guiding attention and resources toward groups and settings where interventions may be needed. OBJECTIVE: To describe the cancer type-specific prevalence of SUD among adult cancer survivors...

iRhom2 is a crucial cofactor involved in upregulation of TNF receptors (TNFRs) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) from the cell surface by ADAM17. Tumor necrosis factor- α converting enzyme (TACE) is another name given to ADAM17. Many membrane attached biologically active molecules are cleaved by this enzyme which includes TNFRs and the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor- α. The TNF receptors are of two types TNFR1 and TNFR2. iRhom2 belongs to the pseudo-protease class of rhomboid family, its abundance is observed in the immune cells...

The objective of this study is to investigate the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase type I (PTP4A1) in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with early- and intermediate-stage esophageal cancer and its clinical value in evaluating patient prognosis. Tissue and peripheral blood samples were collected from patients with esophageal cancer, as well as their clinical data. Follow-up was performed on all patients. PTP4A1 expression in the CTCs of patients were analyzed by regression analysis, and its correlation with the clinical characteristics of esophageal cancer was discussed...

This systematic review investigates the effect of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) therapy on cancer-related disorders. A major bulk of the literature is focused on BoNT's effect on pain at the site of surgery or radiation. All 13 published studies on this issue indicated reduction or cessation of pain at these sites after local injection of BoNTs. Twelve studies addressed the effect of BoNT injection into the pylorus (sphincter between the stomach and the first part of the gut) for the prevention of gastroparesis after local resection of esophageal cancer...

Objective: To compare the surgical safety and postoperative quality of life between proximal gastrectomy with double tract reconstruction (PG-DT) and proximal gastrectomy with gastric tube reconstruction (PG-GT) for proximal gastric cancer. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of clinical and follow-up data of 99 patients with proximal gastric cancer who had undergone double tract or gastric tube surgery in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2016 to September 2021. We allocated them to two groups according to surgical procedure, namely a double tract group (PG-DT, 50 patients) and gastric tube group (PG-GT, 49 patients)...

Disorders of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) outflow, including achalasia and EGJ outflow obstruction, are motility disorders characterized by inadequate relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter with or without impaired esophageal peristalsis. Current guidelines are technical and less practical in the Asia-Pacific region, and there are still massive challenges in timely diagnosis and managing these disorders effectively. Therefore, a Malaysian joint societies' task force has developed a consensus on disorders of EGJ outflow based on the latest evidence, while taking into consideration the practical relevance of local and regional context and resources...

Although proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in the treatment of various acid-related disorders, observational studies have raised concern about an association between PPI use and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the association between them using a meta-analysis of cohort studies. PubMed and Excerpta Medica dataBASE were searched from inception to December 2022 to identify relevant cohort studies. The primary outcome was the risk of gastrointestinal cancer among PPI users, expressed as a pooled odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% CI based on a random-effects model...

Achalasia, a rare motility disorder of the esophagus, is generally accepted as a premalignant disorder. This paper presents the case of a 72-year-old male with achalasia and synchronous superficial esophageal cancer who experienced dysphagia symptoms for five years. As achalasia is associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer, both can be treated simultaneously if detected at the time of diagnosis. Achalasia and synchronous esophageal cancer are rarely detected and treated endoscopically. This paper reports a case of concurrent successful treatment...

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder affecting both men and women. Nonerosive reflux disease generally affects more women, whereas GERD complications such as Barrett's esophagus (BE) or esophageal cancer affect more men. The aim of this study was to evaluate sex- and gender-specific symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among men and women with GERD. Patients with clinical signs of reflux and completion of 24-hour pH-Impedance testing at the University Hospital Cologne were included into the study...

Few studies have quantified longitudinal changes in swallowing in patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. This study longitudinally analyzed the changes in the Modified Barium Swallow Study Impairment Profile (MBSImP™) scores, swallowing kinematic measurements, and swallowing-related symptoms in patients undergoing esophagectomy. We also examined the association between identified swallowing impairment and aspiration pneumonia after surgery. We included consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy and completed laryngoscopy and videofluoroscopy before, two weeks, and three months after surgery...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the associations between a new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and extrahepatic cancers and compare with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: We enrolled 151,391 Chinese participants in the Kailuan cohort. Hepatic steatosis was detected by abdominal ultrasound. Fine and Gray competing risk regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between MAFLD and extrahepatic cancers...

The incidence of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has gradually increased. Proximal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy is recommended for early gastric cancer of the upper third of the stomach. Because total gastrectomy is often accompanied by body mass loss and nutrient absorption disorders, such as severe hypoproteinemia and anemia, Proximal gastrectomy is more frequently recommended by researchers for early upper gastric cancer (T1N0M0) and Siewert II gastroesophageal junction cancer less than 4 cm in length...

BACKGROUND: It is 40 years since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori infection. Over that time major changes have occurred in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) findings. The aim of this review is to describe these changes, and the important role H. pylori infection has played in their evolution. METHODS: References were identified through searches of PubMed using the search terms-endoscopy time trends, peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, upper gastrointestinal cancer, gastric polyps, H...

Cigarette smoking (CS) is a crucial modifiable risk of developing several human diseases and cancers. It causes lung, bladder, breast, and esophageal cancers, respiratory disorders, as well as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Because of these adverse health effects, continual efforts to decrease the prevalence and toxicity of CS are imperative. Until the past decades, the impacts of natural compounds have been under investigation on the harmful effects of CS. Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, is the main source of curcumin...

(1) Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) comprises a group of rare skin diseases. We assessed diagnostic procedures, comorbidity profiles, length of hospital stay (LOHS), costs, and in-hospital mortality (IHM) associated with EB. (2) Methods: A retrospective, population-based observational study was performed using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. Hospitalized patients with EB in Spain were identified for the period 2016 to 2021. (3) Results: A total of 677 hospitalizations were identified among 342 patients with a diagnosis of EB...

A novel treatment method for achalasia of the esophagus and related disorders is known as peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). This study aimed to calculate the resting energy expenditure (REE) and evaluated the degree of physical invasiveness based on metabolic changes during the perioperative period of POEM. Fifty-eight patients who underwent POEM were prospectively enrolled; REE, body weight (BW), and basal energy expenditure were measured on the day of POEM, postoperative day 1 (POD 1), and three days after POEM (POD 3)...

INTRODUCTION: For patients with cancer or injury of the esophagus, esophagectomy with reconstruction using the stomach (gastric pull-up, GPU) or colon (colonic interposition, CI) can restore function but is associated with high morbidity. We sought to describe the differences in outcomes between the two replacement organs using a national database. METHODS: From ACS-NSQIP, patients who underwent GPU or CI between 2006 and 2020 were identified. Univariate analyses were performed on length of stay, complications, reoperation, readmission, and mortality...