organ printing

We propose a novel design of thermoelectric (TE) effect-based soft temperature sensors for directly monitoring localized subtle temperature stimuli. This design integrates rheology-engineered three-dimensional (3D) printing of high-performance carbon-based TE materials and polymer-based viscoelastic materials with low thermal conductivity. Rheological engineering of carbon nanotube (CNT) TE inks ensures the 3D printing of highly sensitive TE sensing units on directly written 3D soft platforms. Additionally, we pre-dope CNT inks with p - and n -type organic dopants to achieve high sensitivity and a fast response to temperature changes...

Large bone defects caused by congenital deformities and acquired accidents are increasing day by day. A large number of patients mainly rely on artificial bone for repair. However, artificial bone cannot fully imitate the structure and composition of human bone, resulting in a large gap with autologous bone function. Therefore, this article proposes a continuous preparation method for inorganic/organic biphasic composite gradient biomimetic bulk bone scaffolds. First, a controllable gradient hybrid forming platform for inorganic/organic dual-phase biomaterials was constructed, and the feeding control strategy was studied to achieve precise control of the feeding of sodium alginate/gelatin composite organic materials and hydroxyapatite inorganic materials...

High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) are potential stereolithography-based resins for producing innovative lightweight porous materials; however, the use of these resins has only been shown in bespoke stereolithography setups. These studies indicated that HIPEs tend to scatter the light during structuring through stereolithography, and can produce poorly defined and low-resolution structures, but the inclusion of light absorbers can drastically increase the printing resolution. In this study, we focused on the inclusion of biocompatible light absorbers within the resin and the compatibility of those resins with a commercial vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing (or stereolithography) setup...

Metallic structures with hierarchical open pores that span several orders of magnitude are ideal candidates for various catalyst applications. However, porous metal materials prepared using alloy/dealloy methods still struggle to achieve continuous pore distribution across a broad size range. Herein, we report a printable copper (Cu)/iron (Fe) composite ink that produces a hierarchical porous Cu material with pores spanning over 4 orders of magnitude. The manufacturing process involves four steps: 3D-printing, annealing, dealloying, and reannealing...

Three-dimensional (3D) printing, otherwise known as additive manufacturing in a non-technical context, is becoming increasingly popular in the field of dentistry. As an essential step in the 3D printing process, postwashing with organic solvents can damage the printed resin polymer and possibly pose a risk to human health. The development of water-washable dental resins means that water can be used as a washing agent. However, the effects of washing agents and washing times on the mechanical and biocompatibility properties of water-washable resins remain unclear...

A one-step solvent-mediated transfer printing technology (sTPT) is proposed to fabricate printable silver (Ag) electrodes. This simple approach can realize the residuals in the active layer serving as the mediator due to the capillary action without the use of any additional solvent. The as-cast polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as the stamp in the fabrication process. The residual solvent and the as-cast PDMS stamps simplified the fabrication process, while the transfer-printed Ag electrodes presented favorable conductivity and improved hydrophobicity due to the presence of residual PDMS on the surface of Ag, indicating the superiority as the top electrode for organic photodetectors (OPDs)...

BACKGROUND: While the child's first dental visit can shape his/her attitude towards further treatments, little consideration has been given to exploring this experience from the child's perspective. Therefore, the aim of the study was to delineate the experiences of the first dental visit of children based on self-written stories in their own words. METHODS: Qualitative study conducted as part of the oral health promoting school program in Isfahan city, Iran. Data collection was based on the responses to a question included in the programme's printed educational content...

The recovery of rare earth elements (REE) from electronic waste is crucial for ensuring future demand security, as there is a high supply risk for this group of elements, and mitigating the environmental impacts of conventional mining. This research focuses on extracting REE from waste printed circuit boards through bioleaching, addressing the limited attention given to this source. A strain of Penicillium expansum demonstrated efficient bioleaching under optimal conditions of 7.5 initial pH, 0.1 mM phosphate concentration, and excluding a buffering agent...

Malfunction in spermatogenesis due to genetic diseases, trauma, congenital disorders or gonadotoxic treatments results in infertility in approximately 7% of males. The behavior of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) within three-dimensional, multifactorial, and dynamic microenvironment implicates a niche that serves as a repository for fertility, since can serve as a source of mature and functional male germ cells. Current protocols enable reprogramming of mature somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their limited differentiation to SSCs within the range of 0-5%...

PURPOSE: Otology and neuro-otology surgeries pose significant challenges due to the intricate and variable anatomy of the temporal bone (TB), requiring extensive training. In the last years 3D-printed temporal bone models for otological dissection are becoming increasingly popular. In this study, we presented a new 3D-printed temporal bone model named 'SAPIENS', tailored for educational and surgical simulation purposes. METHODS: The 'SAPIENS' model was a collaborative effort involving a multidisciplinary team, including radiologists, software engineers, ENT specialists, and 3D-printing experts...

The fabrication of microfluidic devices has progressed from cleanroom manufacturing to replica molding in polymers, and more recently to direct manufacturing by subtractive ( e.g. , laser machining) and additive ( e.g. , 3D printing) techniques, notably digital light processing (DLP) photopolymerization. However, many methods require technical expertise and DLP 3D printers remain expensive at a cost ∼15-30 K USD with ∼8 M pixels that are 25-40 μm in size. Here, we introduce (i) the use of low-cost (∼150-600 USD) liquid crystal display (LCD) photopolymerization 3D printing with ∼8-58 M pixels that are 18-35 μm in size for direct microfluidic device fabrication, and (ii) a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-based ink developed for LCD 3D printing (PLInk)...

Despite the technological importance of semiconductor black phosphorus (BP) in materials science, maintaining the stability of BP crystals in organic media and protecting them from environmental oxidation remains challenging. In this study, we present the synthesis of bulk BP and the exploitation of the viscoelastic properties of a regenerated silk fibroin (SF) film as a biocompatible substrate to transfer BP flakes, thereby preventing oxidation. A model based on the flow of polymers revealed that the applied flow-induced stresses exceed the yield stress of the BP aggregate...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of organic additives (binder, plasticizer, and the cross-linking ink) in the formulation of water-based feedstocks on the properties of a dental feldspathic glass-ceramic material developed for the slurry-based additive manufacturing technology "LSD-print." MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three water-based feldspathic feedstocks were produced to study the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (AC1) and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (AC2) as binder systems...

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common problem worldwide. It has a major impact on physical and social activities and interpersonal relationships. UI is common in women, but is under-reported and under-treated. It affects the quality of life of female patients severely. Acupuncture and moxibustion have been proposed as potentially effective interventions for female UI. Hence, for the benefit of acupuncture practitioners around the world, the World Federation of Acupuncture-moxibustion Societies initiated a project to develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the use of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat female UI...

Inkjet printing is of great interest in the preparation of optoelectronic and microelectronic devices due to its low cost, low process temperature, versatile material compatibility, and ability to precisely manufacture multi-layer devices on demand. However, interlayer solvent erosion is a typical problem that limits the printing of organic semiconductor devices with multi-layer structures. In this study, we proposed a solution to address this erosion problem by designing polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinyl pyridine)-grafted Au nanoparticles (Au@PS-b-P4VP NPs)...

The printing process of box packaging paper can generate volatile organic compounds, resulting in odors that impact product quality and health. An efficient, objective, and cost-effective detection method is urgently needed. We utilized a self-developed electronic nose system to test four different cigarette packaging paper samples. Employing multivariate statistical methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Statistical Quality Control (SQC), and Similarity-based Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA), we analyzed and processed the collected data...

Given the current maturity of printed technologies, Organic Thin-Film Transistors (OTFT) still show high initial variability, which can be beneficial for its exploitation in security applications. In this work, the process-related variability and aging of commercial OTFTs have been characterized to evaluate the feasibility of OTFTs-based Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) implementation. For our devices, ID -based PUFs show good uniformity and uniqueness. However, PUFs' reliability could be compromised because of the observed transient and aging effects in the OTFTs, which could hinder the reproducibility of the generated fingerprints...

Microheaters are used in several applications, including medical diagnostics, synthesis, environmental monitoring, and actuation. Conventional microheaters rely on thin-film electrodes microfabricated in a clean-room environment. However, low-cost alternatives based on conductive paste electrodes fabricated using printing techniques have started to emerge over the years. Here, we report a surprising effect that leads to significant electrode performance improvement as confirmed by the thorough characterization of bulk, processed, and conditioned samples...

Natural and synthetic polymers are a versatile platform for developing biomaterials in the biomedical and environmental fields. Natural polymers are organic compounds that are found in nature. The most common natural polymers include polysaccharides, such as alginate, hyaluronic acid, and starch, proteins, e.g., collagen, silk, and fibrin, and bacterial polyesters. Natural polymers have already been applied in numerous sectors, such as carriers for drug delivery, tissue engineering, stem cell morphogenesis, wound healing, regenerative medicine, food packaging, etc...

Three-dimensional microextrusion bioprinting technology uses pneumatics, pistons, or screws to transfer and extrude bioinks containing biomaterials and cells to print biological tissues and organs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis can simulate the flow characteristics of bioinks in a control volume, and the effect on cell viability can be predicted by calculating the physical quantities. In this study, we developed an analysis system to predict the effect of a screw-based dispenser system (SDS) on cell viability in bioinks through rheological and CFD analyses...