Anethesia

Neurosurgeons are in a unique position to shed light on the neural basis for consciousness, not only by their clinical care of patients with compromised states of consciousness, but also by employing neurostimulation and neuronal recordings through intracranial electrodes in awake surgical patients, as well as during stages of sleep and anethesia. In this review, we discuss several aspects of consciousness, i.e., perception, memory, and willed actions, studied by electrical stimulation and single neuron recordings in the human brain...

BACKGROUND: The oblique lateral interbody fusion technique has received increasing attention for the treatment of degenerative disc disease in recent years. A series of complications have been reported, such as vascular injury, sympathetic chain injury, and transient psoas weakness, although it is regarded as a relatively safe technique. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old male patient of Han nationality was diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis and underwent standalone oblique lateral interbody fusion surgery under general anethesia...

Objective: To investigate the curative effect of the auricular defect repaired by the autologous concha cartilage. Methods: Seven cases with the auricular defect were repaired using the autologeous concha cartilage which combined with the retroauricular flap or retroauricular fascia with skin graftin. Results: Total 7 patients were followed up for 6 months after the surgery. The shape and size of the repaired ears were similar to the healthy ears. The teansplanted cartilages were not absorbed or deformed. Conclusion: This method is harmless and simple,which has reliable and satisfactory effects on auricle defect...

OBJECTIVE: We compared inhalational and total intravenous anaesthesia about haemodynamic stability and oxidative stress response in vertebral surgery. BACKGROUNDS AND METHODS: Fifty-nine elective vertebral surgery patients were randomly divided into propofol (Group P) and desflurane (Group D) groups. Intraoperative haemodynamic parameters, preoperative and post-operative native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, cortisol and catalase levels were studied...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to monitor the physiological changes and cytotoxic effects of exogenous contrast agents during photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT). In this paper, a low-power telemetric device for mouse vital signs monitoring was designed and demonstrated. APPROACH: The power consumption was optimized through hardware and software co-design with a 17% increased operating time compared with typical operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of the monitoring device, PAI and PTT experiments with chitosan-polypyrrole nanocomposites (CS-PPy NCs) as exogenous contrast agents were conducted...

Hemolytic anemia is reduced blood oxygen-carrying capacity resulting from the depletion of red blood cells. Treatment for severe cases involves transfusion to improve oxygen delivery (DO2 ), which carries risk. In humans, a total hemoglobin (tHb) concentration of 8 g/dL is severe, and < 7 indicates transfusion. Some evidence suggests compensatory mechanisms maintaining DO2 are not compromised until < 5 g/dL rendering transfusion at 7 premature. A Sprague Dawley rat model of phenylhydrazine-induced HA was assessed over decreasing tHb for a DO2 decompensation point...

The present study was aimed to evaluate the abilities of photoplethysmography (PPG)-derived parameters, including sample entropy of PPG (SampEn), amplitude of PPG (PPGA), pulse beat interval (PBI) and diastolic interval (DI) extracted by nonlinear or linear methods, to monitor the balance between nociception and antinociception. 26 ASA I or II patients were randomized into one of the three groups to receive a remifentanil effect-compartment target controlled infusion (Ceremi ) of 1, 3 and 5 ng/ml and an effect-compartment target controlled propofol infusion (Ceprop ) to keep the state entropy (SE) at 50 (40~60)...

INTRODUCTION: Lower lip reconstruction should restore oral competence, speech, and cosmesis. These goals are a challenge when reparing large lower lip defects. Karapandzic flap is a reliable technique with consistent functional and esthetic outcome. In large defects, it might result in disproportion between the upper and lower lips and blunting of the commissures. The Abbe flap is useful as a lip balancing procedure and avoids the rounding of the commissures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five cases of lower lip skin cancer treated with Mohs surgery with defects up to 80% were reconstructed with a combination of Karapandzic and Abbe flaps...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe a novel anesthesia, intralesional lidocaine anesthesia (ILA), for ethanol sclerotherapy of venous malformation and evaluate the efficacy and safety. METHODS: A prospective study of 100 patients with venous malformations undergoing 100 sclerotherapy procedures with intralesional lidocaine anesthesia (ILA) was conducted. Pain was evaluated by numeric rating scale (NRS) immediately following the procedure. The grade of pain was classified by the NRS as no pain (0), mild (1-3), moderate (4-6), and severe (7-10)...

PURPOSE: To observe the effect of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) atomization inhalation on postoperative sore throat following oral and maxillofacial operation under general anethesia. METHODS: Forty patients in whom oral and maxillofacial operation trachea was removed under general anesthesia were randomly divided into treatment and control groups; the treatment group received bFGF 35000IU + normal saline 20 mL, compression inhalation, day 1, every 20min, continued for 3 d; the control group was given normal saline 5 mL + dexamethasone 5 mg + gentamicin 80000 U + chymotrypsin 4000 U, compression inhalation, twice a day, every 20 min, continued for 3 d...

The higher number of adverse events reported with anesthetist-delivered sedation are likely due to the fact that anethesia professionals induce deeper sedation as compared to sedation delivered by endoscopists. The former are trained to induce general anesthesia in their daily practice, where protective reflexes are more commonly depressed and the risk for undesired cardiopulmonary events is higher.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of two approaches to ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) for postoperative analgesia after total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: Approved by the Peking University Third Hospital ethics committee, Sixty patients undergoing selective total hip replacement in Peking Third Hospital during Oct. 2013 to May. 2014 were included. Before induction of general anethesia, ultrasound-guided FICB were administered. According to probe parallel to the inguinal ligament or perpendicular to the inguinal ligament, patients were randomly divided into the Parallel group and the Perpendicular group...

To compare the outcomes of flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of upper or mid calyx kidney stones of 10 to 20 mm. A total of 174 patients with radioopaque solitary upper or mid calyx stones who underwent ESWL or F-URS with holmium:YAG laser were enrolled in this study. Each group treated with ESWL and F-URS for upper or mid calyx kidney stones were retrospectively compared in terms of retreatment and stone free rates, and complications. 87% (n = 94) of patients who underwent ESWL therapy was stone free at the end of 3rd month...

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of dopamine and phenylephrine for treatment of hypotension during cesarean section under combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) on the stereology of the placenta. METHODS: Forty puerperants undergoing cesarean section under CSEA were randomly divided into dopamine group and phenylephrine group. Ropivacaine (16 mg) was administered immediately after spinal anethesia. Blood pressure was maintained near the baseline by adjusting the drug infusion rate...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the results of various types of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment of renal tumors in patients with excessive anesthetic and surgical risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data for RFA performed in in high risk patients were retrospectively evaluated. Other RFA applications in patients with no anesthetic and/or surgical risk were excluded. RFA was by ultrasound or CT guided percutaneous (USG/CT-PRFA) and retroperitoneally or transperitoneally laparoscopic (R/T-LRFA) techniques under general or local anethesia...

OBJECTIVE: To study the indication and character of the lateral-cervical approach for treating dumble-shape neurogenic tumors in cervical spine. METHODS: Retrospectively review the clinical data of 14 dumble-shape neurogenic tumors in cervical spine, from October 2005 to October 2011. Among them 8 were males and 6 were females, range from 11 to 60 years old. The maximum tumor diameter range from 3.0 to 8.0 cm, with an average of 4.8 cm; the intraspinal tumor diameter range from 1...

We report a case of bilateral giant bullae in a patient with multiple traumas. He had his arm amputated at the shoulder because of a machine accident and admitted to our hospital. Chest X-ray showed right-sided pneumothorax with bilateral giant bullae. Trimming of the stump was performed immediately after the placement of a right chest tube. He gradually developed hypoxia and hypercapnia with acidemia during the operation because of atelectasis due to sputum. Postoperatively, enlargement of right giant bulla led to frequent respiratory failure and he received a bilateral bullectomy through a median sternotomy 3 weeks after the accident...

Quercetin 3-O-beta-(2(")-galloyl)-rhamnopyranoside (QGR) is a naturally occurring quercitrin gallate, which is a polyphenolic compound that was originally isolated from Persicaria lapathifolia (Polygonaceae). QGR has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of QGR on nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) expression in LPS-stimulated Balb/c mice...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.