Transdermal pain cream

Topical pain therapy offers several potential advantages as an alternative or adjunct to oral analgesic therapy, including decrease in concurrent oral drug use, lower abuse potential, lower side effects and toxicity, and localized effects. A variety of drugs and cream bases designed to promote transdermal delivery allow for unlimited customization of compounded topical pain creams (CTPC) for specific patients. The purpose of this study was to understand why patients begin CTPC therapy, their perceptions of CTPC therapy, and their level of satisfaction with CTPC therapy...

BACKGROUND: This study was established to compare the analgesic and side effects between transdermal ketoprofen patch 30 mg and eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream applied to the peripheral venous cannulation site and lidocaine injection before cannulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and five adult patients who had been scheduled for elective general surgery with patients' physical status American Society of Anesthesiologists classes I and II were randomly divided into three groups: Group I (EMLA group) received EMLA cream, Group II (lidocaine group) received subcutaneous infiltration of 1 ml of 2% lidocaine HCl 10 min before cannulation, and Group III (ketoprofen group) received a transdermal ketoprofen patch 30 mg...

Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is a toxin that inhibits the release of stimulatory neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) at the neuromuscular synapses. In recent years, many patients with muscle contraction disorders have greatly benefited from the therapeutic ability of this biological drug. On the other hand, the injection of this bio drug accompanied with some side effects such as irritation, bruising, inflammation, pain, bleeding at the site of injection which undermines this widely used drug. Recently, there is a tendency among scientists to create new techniques to offers conventional injectable drugs the ability of transdermal delivery...

The comprehensive treatment of pain is multidimodal, with pharmacotherapy playing a key role. An effective therapy for pain depends on the intensity and type of pain, the patients' age, comorbidities, and appropriate choice of analgesic, its dose and route of administration. This review is aimed at presenting current knowledge on analgesics administered by transdermal and topical routes for physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other health care professionals dealing with patients suffering from pain. Analgesics administered transdermally or topically act through different mechanisms...

The goal of our review was to emphasize important aspects that physicians should take into consideration when prescribing topical analgesics as part of chronic neuropathic pain treatment. We discuss the dermatopharmacokinetics and microstructural components of the skin, differences between topical and transdermal drug delivery, and topical medication effects on peripheral neuropathy and central sensitization. Even though the US FDA approved topical analgesics are 8%-capsaicin and 5%-lidocaine patches for treating postherpetic neuralgia, there are many other studies conducted on the efficacy of topical ketamine cream, clonidine gel, topical gabapentin, topical baclofen and topical phenytoin for peripheral neuropathic pain, either alone or in combination with other formulations...

The main objective of this study was to develop reversed hexagonal (HII) mesophase for transdermal delivery of methyl salicylate. The formulation was prepared, characterized and evaluated for its skin penetration in vitro and skin retention in vivo. Preliminary pharmacodynamics and skin irritation were also investigated. The formulation was identified as hexagonal structure. In vitro study exhibited that HII mesophase enhanced the skin permeation by delivering 2.61 times more methyl salicylate than the commercially available cream...

Treatment of neuropathic pain using topical formulations is still in its infancy. Only few topical analgesic formulations have become available for clinical use, and among these, analgesic creams are still rare. This is unfortunate because analgesic creams offer a number of advantages over patches, such as convenience, ease of adapting the frequency of application, and dose, and "rubbing cream where it hurts" involves the patient much more in the therapeutic process compared to patches and other localized treatment modalities...

Arthritis is characterized by pain and functional limitation affecting the patients' quality of life. We performed a clinical study to investigate the efficacy of a betamethasone valerate medicated plaster (Betesil) in improving pain and functional disability in patients with arthritis and osteoarthritis. We enrolled 104 patients affected by osteoarthritis (n = 40) or arthritis (n = 64) in different joints. Patients received diclofenac sodium cream (2 g, four times a day) or a 2.25-mg dose of Betesil applied to the painful joint every night before bedtime for 10 days...

Topical treatments of localized neuropathic pain syndromes in general are mostly neglected, mainly due to the fact that most pain physicians expect that a topical formulation needs to result in a transdermal delivery of the active compounds. On the basis of the practical experience, this study brings forth a new, somewhat neglected element of the vulvodynia pathogenesis: the cross talk between the nerve endings of nociceptors, the adjacent immunocompetent cells, and vaginal epithelial cells. Insight into this cross talk during a pathogenic condition supports the treatment of vulvodynia with topical (compounded) creams...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Most topical medications need a long time to penetrate into the skin owing to the stratum corneum (SC) barrier. The fractional erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser has the ability to disrupt the SC and assist in the delivery of topical drugs to penetrate into the skin. This study was intended to determine whether pretreatment with a painless fractional Er:YAG laser could assist transdermal delivery of topical anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 22 healthy female subjects, three 4 × 3 cm regions on the right forearm were randomized to: fractional laser plus topical lidocaine cream (Group LaserAnes), sham irradiation plus topical anesthesia (Group Anes), and sham irradiation plus sham anesthesia (Group Con)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Plum-blossom needling might enhance transdermal penetration of topically applied drugs by creating vertical channels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate drug delivery assisted by plum-blossom needling comparing with CO2 laser ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a porphyrin precursor, as a test drug. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ex vivo porcine skin was treated with plum-blossom needle(HWATO, Suzhou medical supplies factory Co...

BACKGROUND: Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is pathology in the gluteus medius and minimus tendons and trochanteric bursa that causes debilitating tendon pain and dysfunction, particularly in post-menopausal women. Limited evidence in clinical studies suggests hormone changes after menopause may have a negative effect on tendon. This protocol describes a randomised controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and exercise therapy in reducing pain and dysfunction associated with GTPS in post-menopausal women...

Taking EMLA cream and Penles tape 18 mg as examples, this article describes the conditions for skin penetration of topical anesthetics, with their onset time of action, duration of effect and a precautions for their use. EMLA cream is a unique cream for topical anesthesia which is the eutectic mixture of lidocaine and propitocaine to increase skin penetration. The safety study demonstrated that blood concentrations of active ingredients of EMLA cream were below toxic levels. EMLA cream, with confirmed high skin penetrability and safety, should be used for pain reduction of various treatments for many diseases...

Many patients with chronic neuropathic pain continue to suffer despite traditional pharmacotherapy. As a result, pharmacists commonly compound gabapentin into creams, gels, and ointments as an alternative treatment option. In this study, various concentrations (1%, 5%, and 10%) of topical gabapentin compounded in Lipoderm were applied at various pre-treatment times (30 minutes, 1 hour, and 4 hours) to investigate what gabapentin concentration and pre-treatment time best attenuates formalin-induced nociceptive behaviors in a rodent model...

Treatment of chronic pain in diabetic neuropathy or neuropathic pain of other origins is challenging. Compounded topical formulations have evolved as potential treatment options. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of a compounded topical cream (Transdermal Therapeutics). Two versions of TT-CTAC cream were evaluated: cream 6B and cream 7B. Both creams contain ketamine (10%), baclofen (2%), gabapentin (6%), amitriptyline (4%), bupivacaine (2%), and clonidine (0.2%). Additionally, one cream (7B) contains nifedipine (2%)...

Pain syndromes are among the most widespread, costly, and debilitating of all neurological disorders. The number of patients living with chronic pain is expected to increase with the aging population and with the rise in obesity and diabetes across the nation. This type of pain is often insensitive to the traditional pain pharmacopeia or surgical intervention. Over the last 10 years the number of prescriptions that have been compounded by pharmacists has increased dramatically. There are a number of drugs in the area of pain management that have been formulated and compounded by pharmacists to treat conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia, postherpetic neuralgia, joint pain, arthritis, and a variety of other conditions...

Pain syndromes are among the most widespread, costly, and debilitating of all neurological disorders. The number of patients living with chronic pain is expected to increase with the aging population and with the rise in obesity and diabetes across the nation. This type of pain is often insensitive to the traditional pain pharmacopeia or surgical intervention. Over the last 10 years the number of prescriptions that have been compounded by pharmacists has increased dramatically. There are a number of drugs in the area of pain management that have been formulated and compounded by pharmacists to treat conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia, postherpetic neuralgia, joint pain, arthritis, and a variety of other conditions...

Neuropathic pain is a frequent and disabling condition with diverse underlying etiologies and is often difficult to treat. Systemic drug treatment is often limited in efficacy. Furthermore, adverse effects may be a limiting factor when trying to reach the necessary dose. Analgesics that can be applied topically have the potential to largely overcome this problem. They may be of particular advantage in localized neuropathic pain syndromes such as postherpetic neuralgia or small fiber neuropathy. Capsaicin, the pungent component of chili peppers, is a natural ligand of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel and has long been used as topically applicable cream with concentrations of 0...

OBJECTIVE(S): Drug delivery through the skin can transfer therapeutic levels of drugs for pharmacological effects. Analgesics such as NSAIDs have gastrointestinal side effects and topical dosage forms of these drugs are mainly preferred, especially for local pains. Meloxicam is one of NSAIDs with no topical form in the market. In this research, we attempted to quantify the skin permeation of a meloxicam topical preparation and to show how permeation would be increased by using thymol as an enhancer...

BACKGROUND: Injectable forms of anesthesia for nonsurgical facial rejuvenation, although efficacious, are uncomfortable for the patient. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that laser pretreatment at low energies enhances absorption of topical lidocaine. OBJECTIVES: The authors assess the safety and efficacy of laser-assisted transdermal delivery of topical anesthetic. METHOD: Ten patients were split into 2 groups (A and B). All patients received 15 g of BLT (20% benzocaine, 6% lidocaine, and 4% tetracaine triple anesthetic cream) for 20 minutes with no occlusion...