keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495718/improved-resolution-in-fiber-bundle-inline-holographic-microscopy-using-multiple-illumination-sources
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael R Hughes, Callum McCall
Recent work has shown that high-quality inline holographic microscopy images can be captured through fiber imaging bundles. Speckle patterns arising from modal interference within the bundle cores can be minimized by use of a partially-coherent optical source such as an LED delivered via a multimode fiber. This allows numerical refocusing of holograms from samples at working distances of up to approximately 1 mm from the fiber bundle before the finite coherence begins to degrade the lateral resolution...
March 1, 2024: Biomedical Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495698/self-attention-cnn-for-retinal-layer-segmentation-in-oct
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guogang Cao, Yan Wu, Zeyu Peng, Zhilin Zhou, Cuixia Dai
The structure of the retinal layers provides valuable diagnostic information for many ophthalmic diseases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) obtains cross-sectional images of the retina, which reveals information about the retinal layers. The U-net based approaches are prominent in retinal layering methods, which are usually beneficial to local characteristics but not good at obtaining long-distance dependence for contextual information. Furthermore, the morphology of retinal layers with the disease is more complex, which brings more significant challenges to the task of retinal layer segmentation...
March 1, 2024: Biomedical Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495307/long-term-monitoring-of-the-fish-community-in-the-minho-estuary-nw-iberian-peninsula
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allan T Souza, Martina I Ilarri, Ester Dias, Mário J Araújo, António Roleira, Ana Catarina Braga, Ana Rita Carvalho, Micaela Mota, Maria Helena Correia, Ana Lages, Ana Moura, Carlos Antunes
BACKGROUND: The paper presents an extensive fish sampling dataset spanning a long-term period from 2010 to 2019. The data were collected in Lenta Marina, an upstream area in the Minho Estuary of the NW Iberian Peninsula, which belongs to a LTSER (Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research) platform. To capture fish, fyke nets were utilised as the sampling method and deployed at Lenta Marina. This dataset offers valuable insights into the abundance of each collected taxa recorded over time. NEW INFORMATION: The dataset reports a comprehensive compilation of data on the abundance of fish species observed in the area during the sampling period (includes zeroes when a given taxonomic entity was absent in a given sampling event)...
2024: Biodiversity Data Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495261/intra-arterial-peptide-receptor-radionuclide-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-hepatic-neuroendocrine-tumor-metastases-hope-or-hype
#24
REVIEW
Michael V Khanjyan, Nicholas Fidelman
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) confers significant progression-free survival advantage for patients with small bowel grade 1 and 2 well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WD NET). PRRT may also be clinically beneficial for patients with NET of pancreatic, bronchial, and other sites of origin; patients with paragangliomas; as well as for patients with well-differentiated grade 3 NET. Direct intra-arterial (IA) administration of PRRT into the hepatic artery for patients with NET liver metastases may result in higher radiopharmaceutical dose and longer dwell time in the liver tumors while relatively sparing non-tumor liver tissue and other organs such as the kidneys and bone marrow when compared with intravenous (IV) administration...
February 2024: Seminars in Interventional Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495019/universal-free-school-meals-policy-and-childhood-obesity
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna M Localio, Melissa A Knox, Anirban Basu, Tom Lindman, Lina Pinero Walkinshaw, Jessica C Jones-Smith
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Community Eligibility Provision (CEP), a universal free school meals policy, increases school meal participation by allowing schools in low-income areas to provide free breakfast and lunch to all students; however, its impact on obesity remains uncertain. The objective of this study is to estimate the association of CEP with child obesity. METHODS: School obesity prevalence was calculated using BMI measurements collected annually between 2013 and 2019 from students in California public schools in grades 5, 7, and 9...
March 18, 2024: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494940/ultrasound-based-radiomics-predicts-short-term-outcomes-in-hepatitis-b-virus-related-acute-on-chronic-liver-failure
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xingzhi Huang, Songsong Yuan, Pan Xu, Yaohui Li, Aiyun Zhou
BACKGROUND: The prognosis in hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is challenging due to heterogeneity. Radiomics may enable noninvasive outcome prediction. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate ultrasound-based radiomics for predicting outcomes in HBV-ACLF. METHODS: We enrolled 264 HBV-ACLF patients, dividing them into a training cohort (n=184) and a validation cohort (n=80). From hepatic ultrasound images, 455 radiomic features were extracted...
March 15, 2024: Current medical imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494769/-net-survival-analysis-of-cancer-in-zhongshan-city-of-guangdong-province-in-china-1970-to-2014
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z M Li, Z H Liang, N Liu, K R Wei
Objective: To analyze survival data of cancer from 1970 to 2014 in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, and provide scientific basis for cancer prevention and control in Zhongshan City. Methods: The tumor incidence data of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province from 1970 to 2014 were collected from Zhongshan Cancer Registry, and all patients were followed up to December 31, 2019. The standardized 5-year net survival rates and their annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) for total and major cancers at different times were used to describe statistical analysis...
March 23, 2024: Zhonghua Zhong Liu za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Oncology]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494683/effects-of-the-chinese-heart-healthy-diet-sichuan-cuisine-on-lowering-blood-pressure-in-adults-with-hypertension-a-randomized-controlled-feeding-trial
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong Chen, Danping Su, Yishan Guo, Cong Chen, Sijia Chen, Shiyu Zhang, Yanxi Ding, Ming Li, Guangsen Tong, Guo Zeng
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sichuan cuisine is characterized by high salt and oil content. We aimed to evaluate the effects of the Sichuan cuisine version of Chinese heart-healthy diet (CHH diet-SC) on blood pressure reduction among hypertensive adults. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The Chinese heart-healthy diet (CHH) trial was a multicenter randomized controlled feeding trial among Chinese hypertensive people. We conducted a secondary analysis of the CHH trial using data from the Sichuan center in Southwest China...
March 2024: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494415/biopsy-or-follow-up-ai-improves-the-clinical-strategy-of-us-bi-rads-4a-breast-nodules-using-a-convolutional-neural-network
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mei Yi, Yue Lin, Zehui Lin, Ziting Xu, Lian Li, Ruobing Huang, Weijun Huang, Nannan Wang, Yanling Zuo, Nuo Li, Dong Ni, Yanyan Zhang, Yingjia Li
OBJECTIVES: To develop predictive nomograms based on clinical and ultrasound features and to improve the clinical strategy for US BI-RADS 4A lesions. METHODS: Patients with US BI-RADS 4A lesions from 3 hospitals between January 2016 and June 2020 were retrospectively included. Clinical and ultrasound features were extracted to establish nomograms CE (based on clinical experience) and DL (based on deep-learning algorithm). The performances of nomograms were evaluated by receiver operator characteristic curves, calibration curves and decision curves...
February 20, 2024: Clinical Breast Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494348/a-dynamic-online-nomogram-based-on-gd-eob-dtpa-enhanced-mri-and-inflammatory-biomarkers-for-preoperative-prediction-of-pathological-grade-and-stratification-in-solitary-hepatocellular-carcinoma-a-multicenter-study
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Wang, Yuan Qin, Zheng Ming Wang, Chun Yue Yan, Ying He, Dan Liu, Li Wen, Dong Zhang
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an inflammatory cancer. We aimed to explore whether preoperative inflammation biomarkers compared to the gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced MRI can add complementary value for predicting HCC pathological grade, and to develop a dynamic nomogram to predict solitary HCC pathological grade. METHODS: 331 patients from the Institution A were divided chronologically into the training cohort (n = 231) and internal validation cohort (n = 100), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was determined to follow up after surgery...
March 16, 2024: Academic Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494011/modelling-changes-in-vegetation-productivity-and-carbon-balance-under-future-climate-scenarios-in-southeastern-australia
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bin Wang, Benjamin Smith, Cathy Waters, Puyu Feng, De Li Liu
Australia, characterized by extensive and heterogeneous terrestrial ecosystems, plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle and in efforts to mitigate climate change. Prior research has quantified vegetation productivity and carbon balance within the Australian context over preceding decades. Nonetheless, the responses of vegetation and carbon dynamics to the evolving phenomena of climate change and escalating concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide remain ambiguous within the Australian landscape...
March 15, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493869/environmental-condition-dependent-effects-of-aquatic-humic-substances-on-the-distribution-of-phenanthrene-in-microplastic-contaminated-aquatic-systems
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabia Zafar, Yun Kyung Lee, Xiaowei Li, Jin Hur
Numerous studies have focused on the interaction between microplastics (MPs) and phenanthrene (PHE) in aquatic environments. However, the intricate roles of aquatic humic substances (HS), which vary with environmental conditions, in influencing PHE-MP interactions are not yet fully understood. This study investigates the variable and environmentally sensitive roles of HS in modifying the interactions between PHE and polyethylene (PE) MPs under laboratory-simulated aquatic conditions with varying solution chemistry, including pH, HS types, HS concentrations, and ionic strength...
March 15, 2024: Environmental Pollution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493851/common-operational-issues-and-possible-solutions-for-sustainable-biosurfactant-production-from-lignocellulosic-feedstock
#33
REVIEW
Anjana Hari, Tharaka Rama Krishna Chowdary Doddapaneni, Timo Kikas
Surfactants are compounds with high surface activity and emulsifying property. These compounds find application in food, medical, pharmaceutical, and petroleum industries, as well as in agriculture, bioremediation, cleaning, cosmetics, and personal care product formulations. Due to their widespread use and environmental persistence, ensuring biodegradability and sustainability is necessary so as not to harm the environment. Biosurfactants, i.e., surfactants of plant or microbial origin produced from lignocellulosic feedstock, perform better than their petrochemically derived counterparts on the scale of net-carbon-negativity...
March 15, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493695/bulk-and-single-cell-rna-sequencing-analysis-with-101-machine-learning-combinations-reveal-neutrophil-extracellular-trap-involvement-in-hepatic-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-and-early-allograft-dysfunction
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manling Xie, Zhen He, Bing Bin, Ning Wen, Jihua Wu, Xiaoyong Cai, Xuyong Sun
BACKGROUND: Hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major clinical concern during the perioperative period and is closely associated with early allograft dysfunction (EAD), acute rejection (AR) and long-term graft survival. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular structures formed by the release of decondensed chromatin and granular proteins following neutrophil stimulation. There is growing evidence that NETs are involved in the progression of various liver transplantation complications, including ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)...
March 16, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493642/measurement-and-characteristics-of-radon-flow-in-an-extremely-arid-region-based-on-a-closed-system-earth-air-model
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongshou Li, Fei Li, Shunren Wang
Radon (222 Rn) is a radioactive gas that occurs naturally in the soil and is harmful to the environment and health. However, the measuring the amount of radon flowing is challenging. This study reveals the mechanism responsible for radon transportation and concentration variation, the main driving forces acting, and the key factors operating in the vadose zone. In this study, two separate holes were used to monitor the amount of earth-air and radon flowing in and out of the soil in the extremely arid region in China where the Mogao Grottoes are located...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493603/multi-scale-and-multi-view-network-for-lung-tumor-segmentation
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caiqi Liu, Han Liu, Xuehui Zhang, Jierui Guo, Pengju Lv
Lung tumor segmentation in medical imaging is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment planning for lung cancer. Accurate segmentation, however, is challenging due to the variability in tumor size, shape, and contrast against surrounding tissues. In this work, we present MSMV-Net, a novel deep learning architecture that integrates multi-scale multi-view (MSMV) learning modules and multi-scale uncertainty-based deep supervision (MUDS) for enhanced segmentation of lung tumors in computed tomography images...
March 7, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493487/global-dynamics-of-discrete-mathematical-models-of-tuberculosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saber Elaydi, René Lozi
In this paper, we develop discrete models of Tuberculosis (TB). This includes SEI endogenous and exogenous models without treatment. These models are then extended to a SEIT model with treatment. We develop two types of net reproduction numbers, one is the traditional <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> which is based on the disease-free equilibrium, and a new net reproduction number <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www...
December 2024: Journal of Biological Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493469/spontaneous-reperfusion-in-stemi-its-mechanisms-and-possible-modulation
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua H Leader, Rahim Kanji, Diana A Gorog
Patients with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or spontaneous reperfusion, which occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have smaller infarcts and more favourable clinical outcomes than patients without spontaneous reperfusion. Understanding the mechanisms underlying spontaneous reperfusion is therefore important, since this may identify possible novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with STEMI. In this review, we discuss some of the possible determinants of spontaneous reperfusion including pro-thrombotic profile, endogenous fibrinolytic status, lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), inflammatory markers and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)...
March 17, 2024: Kardiologia Polska
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493355/muscle-fibre-typology-affects-whole-body-metabolic-rate-during-isolated-muscle-contractions-and-human-locomotion
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wannes Swinnen, Eline Lievens, Wouter Hoogkamer, Friedl De Groote, Wim Derave, Benedicte Vanwanseele
The wide variation in muscle fibre type distribution across individuals, along with the very different energy consumption rates in slow versus fast muscle fibres, suggests that muscle fibre typology contributes to inter-individual differences in metabolic rate during exercise. However, this has been hard to demonstrate due to the gap between a single muscle fibre and full-body exercises. We investigated the isolated effect of triceps surae muscle contraction velocity on whole-body metabolic rate during cyclic contractions in individuals a priori selected for their predominantly slow (n = 11) or fast (n = 10) muscle fibre typology by means of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS)...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493010/glycemic-variability-in-diagnosis-of-gestational-diabetes-as-predictor-of-pharmacological-treatment
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosa Márquez-Pardo, María-Gloria Baena-Nieto, Juan-Antonio Córdoba-Doña, Concepción Cruzado-Begines, Lourdes García-García-Doncel, Manuel Aguilar-Diosdado, Isabel-María Torres-Barea
INTRODUCTION: To establish whether glycemic variability (GV) parameters used when gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been diagnosed could help predict the probability that a patient will need pharmacological treatment, and to analyze the link of these parameters to the development of maternal-fetal complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study of 87 women with GDM who underwent retrospective continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for six days between weeks 26 and 32 of gestation, following diagnosis...
March 16, 2024: Endocrinología, diabetes y nutrición
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