keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535329/effect-of-adding-apolipoprotein-b-testing-on-the-prevalence-of-dyslipidemia-and-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-in-the-korean-adult-population
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rihwa Choi, Sang Gon Lee, Eun Hee Lee
Traditional lipid parameters-including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and non-HDL-C (calculated as TC minus HDL-C)-have long been used as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The laboratory records of 9604 Korean adults who underwent traditional lipid panel tests (TC, TG, and HDL), as well as ApoB testing, were analyzed to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and high CVD risk (utilizing the NCEP ATP III criteria for traditional lipid panels and various ApoB test cutoffs recommended by international guidelines (145 mg/dL, 130 mg/dL, and 100 mg/dL))...
March 18, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535328/application-of-clinical-blood-metabogram-to-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petr G Lokhov, Elena E Balashova, Oxana P Trifonova, Dmitry L Maslov, Ekaterina A Shestakova, Marina V Shestakova, Ivan I Dedov
The clinical blood metabogram (CBM) was developed to match a tailored analysis of the blood metabolome to the time, cost, and reproducibility constraints of clinical laboratory testing. By analyzing the main blood metabolite groups, CBM offers clinically relevant information about the intake of low-molecular substances into the organism, humoral regulation, liver function, amino acid level, and the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The purpose of this work was to investigate the relevance of using the CBM in patients with diabetes mellitus...
March 18, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535222/commercial-methods-for-antifungal-susceptibility-testing-of-saprophytic-molds-can-they-be-used-to-detect-resistance
#23
REVIEW
Paschalis Paranos, Ana Espinel-Ingroff, Joseph Meletiadis
Commercial tests are often employed in clinical microbiology laboratories for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. Method-dependent epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) have been defined in order to detect non-wild-type (NWT) isolates harboring resistance mechanisms. We reviewed the literature in order to find studies where commercial methods were used to evaluate for in vitro susceptibility of filamentous fungi and assess their ability to detect NWT isolates according to the available ECVs...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535177/chromoblastomycosis-in-french-guiana-epidemiology-and-practices-1955-2023
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie Valentin, Geoffrey Grotta, Thibaut Muller, Pieter Bourgeois, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Magalie Demar, Pierre Couppie, Romain Blaizot
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic neglected fungal disease, usually met in tropical areas. French Guiana is a South American territory with limited epidemiological data. This retrospective study concerned all patients with CBM proven by at least one paraclinical examination and diagnosed in French Guiana between 1950 and 2023. In total, 23 patients were included, mostly males (87%) of Creole origin, living in the coastal region (87%) and involved in outdoor occupations (74%). Lesions were mostly observed on the lower limbs (78...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535128/retrospective-review-of-positive-newborn-screening-results-for-isovaleric-acidemia-and-development-of-a-strategy-to-improve-the-efficacy-of-newborn-screening-in-the-uk
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel S Carling, Katy Hedgethorne, Anupam Chakrapani, Patricia L Hall, Nick Flynn, Toby Greenfield, Stuart J Moat, Joshua Ssali, Lynette Shakespeare, Nazia Taj, Teresa H Y Wu, Mark Anderson, Arunabha Ghosh, Hugh Lemonde, Germaine Pierre, Mark Sharrard, Sreevidya Sreekantam, James R Bonham
Since the UK commenced newborn screening for isovaleric acidemia in 2015, changes in prescribing have increased the incidence of false positive (FP) results due to pivaloylcarnitine. A review of screening results between 2015 and 2022 identified 24 true positive (TP) and 84 FP cases, with pivalate interference confirmed in 76/84. Initial C5 carnitine (C5C) did not discriminate between FP and TP with median (range) C5C of 2.9 (2.0-9.6) and 4.0 (1.8->70) µmol/L, respectively, and neither did Precision Newborn Screening via Collaborative Laboratory Integrated Reports (CLIR), which identified only 1/47 FP cases...
March 13, 2024: International Journal of Neonatal Screening
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535123/harnessing-next-generation-sequencing-as-a-timely-and-accurate-second-tier-screening-test-for-newborn-screening-of-inborn-errors-of-metabolism
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Toby Chun Hei Chan, Chloe Miu Mak, Matthew Chun Wing Yeung, Eric Chun-Yiu Law, Jana Cheung, Tsz Ki Wong, Vincent Wing-Sang Cheng, Jacky Kwan Ho Lee, Jimmy Chi Lap Wong, Cheuk Wing Fung, Kiran Moti Belaramani, Anne Mei Kwun Kwok, Kwok Yeung Tsang
In this study, we evaluated the implementation of a second-tier genetic screening test using an amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel in our laboratory during the period of 1 September 2021 to 31 August 2022 for the newborn screening (NBS) of six conditions for inborn errors of metabolism: citrullinemia type II (MIM #605814), systemic primary carnitine deficiency (MIM #212140), glutaric acidemia type I (MIM #231670), beta-ketothiolase deficiency (#203750), holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (MIM #253270) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency (MIM # 246450)...
March 5, 2024: International Journal of Neonatal Screening
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535077/validation-and-implementation-of-optiview-and-envision-flex-detection-systems-for-immunocytochemical-staining-protocols-of-the-ten-most-commonly-used-diagnostic-markers-in-routine-cytopathological-practice
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anja Dremelj, Simona Miceska, Anamarija Kuhar, Natasa Nolde, Veronika Kloboves-Prevodnik
The withdrawal of the iView detection system (iV) forced many cytopathology laboratories, including ours, to substitute immunocytochemical (ICC) staining protocols for routine practice with other detection systems. Our objective was to optimize, validate, and implement ICC protocols using OptiView (OV) and EnVision FLEX (EnV) detection systems, comparing the results with those obtained using iV. Residual cytologic samples with known diagnoses were used, testing antibodies for the ten most common markers in routine cytopathology diagnostics (calretinin, Ber-EP4, MOC-31, CKAE1/AE3, CK5/6, CD68, LCA, desmin, HBME-1, and WT1)...
March 21, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534991/evaluation-of-two-assay-serological-testing-strategies-for-anti-hcv-screening-in-italian-populations-a-dual-screening-approach
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Zocca, Silva Seraceni, Teresa Cafaro, Tamara Emanuela Cervone, Laura Cardarelli, Massimiliano Valisi, Isabella Polidori, Massimo Pieri, Flaminia Tomassetti, Francesco Broccolo
(1) Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening mostly uses a one-assay anti-HCV testing approach, which has a higher probability of false-positive results in populations with low HCV prevalence. (2) Methods: In this investigation, 17,926 participants were screened for HCV, and the reactives were tested using a two-assay anti-HCV approach: Elecsys ElectroChemiLuminescence (ECL) and a ChemiLuminescence ImmunoAssay (CLIA), respectively. A recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) was performed to confirm anti-HCV positivity...
March 7, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534966/impact-of-covid-19-pandemic-on-cardiovascular-healthcare-in-croatia-a-comprehensive-nationwide-survey
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josip Lukenda, Josip Andelo Borovac
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular healthcare in Croatia remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to compare the utilization and provision of cardiovascular services during the pre-pandemic (2017-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) periods, leveraging nationwide data from the Croatian Health Insurance Fund, which covers 95% of all insurance claims in the country. Our findings reveal that while the use of coronary angiographies decreased during the pandemic, there was a notable increase in the utilization of advanced heart failure treatment modalities and percutaneous coronary interventions, particularly in the context of acute myocardial infarction...
February 22, 2024: Diseases (Basel)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534948/biomarker-turnaround-times-and-impact-on-treatment-decisions-in-patients-with-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-carcinoma-at-a-large-canadian-community-hospital-with-an-affiliated-regional-cancer-centre
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katelyn E Fleming, Ava Hupel, Hamid Mithoowani, Tea Lulic-Kuryllo, Mario Valdes
Background : Timely reporting of molecular biomarkers is critical in guiding optimal treatment decisions in patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Any delays along the tissue or treatment pathway may be associated with suboptimal treatment/outcomes and a reduced quality of life. For many centres, biomarkers are tested off-site. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 123 patients with advanced NSCLC seen between 1 June 2021 and 30 June 2022 was conducted. With a focus on core biomarkers (PD L1, EGFR, and ALK), the outcome variables were as follows: total turnaround time (total TAT), divided into pre-laboratory, laboratory, and post-laboratory time intervals, as well as time to treatment decision (TOTD) and time to optimal systemic therapy decision (TOTSD)...
March 14, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534936/barriers-and-unequal-access-to-timely-molecular-testing-results-addressing-the-inequities-in-cancer-care-delays-across-canada
#31
Stephanie Snow, Christine Brezden-Masley, Michael D Carter, Neesha Dhani, Cassandra Macaulay, Ravi Ramjeesingh, Michael J Raphael, Monika Slovinec D'Angelo, Filomena Servidio-Italiano
Genomic medicine is a powerful tool to improve diagnosis and outcomes for cancer patients by facilitating the delivery of the right drug at the right dose at the right time for the right patient. In 2023, a Canadian conference brought together leaders with expertise in different tumor types. The objective was to identify challenges and opportunities for change in terms of equitable and timely access to biomarker testing and reporting at the education, delivery, laboratory, patient, and health-system levels in Canada...
March 6, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534883/uncommon-presentation-of-sarcoidosis-with-severe-thrombocytopenia-and-hemorrhagic-diathesis
#32
Dorela Lame, Michelangelo Pianelli, Shahram Kordasti, Erika Morsia, Attilio Olivieri, Antonella Poloni
Sarcoidosis, a multi-organ system disease, often presents insidiously. Thrombocytopenia in sarcoidosis is frequent because of hypersplenism, granulomas infiltrating the bone marrow, or immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The diagnosis of ITP relies on exclusionary criteria, given the absence of a definitive laboratory diagnostic feature. In the era prior to modern ITP management, sarcoidosis-associated ITP was known to manifest severely, often showing resistance to treatment and an increased risk of mortality. In this case, we present a young male who was admitted to a district hospital's emergency room, displaying symptoms of hematuria, gingival bleeding, and a petechial rash...
March 4, 2024: Hematology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534720/antimicrobial-and-diagnostic-stewardship-of-the-novel-%C3%AE-lactam-%C3%AE-lactamase-inhibitors-for-infections-due-to-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacterales-species-and-pseudomonas-aeruginosa
#33
REVIEW
Stefanos Ferous, Cleo Anastassopoulou, Vassiliki Pitiriga, Georgia Vrioni, Athanasios Tsakris
Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are a major public health threat due to the limited therapeutic options available. The introduction of the new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) has, however, altered the treatment options for such pathogens. Thus, four new BL/BLI combinations-namely, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, and ceftolozane/tazobactam-have been approved for infections attributed to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...
March 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534678/experience-with-pcr-testing-for-enteric-bacteria-and-viruses-of-emergency-department-patients-with-acute-gastroenteritis-are-there-implications-for-the-early-treatment-of-clostridioides-difficile-infection
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreas Iffland, Maria Zechel, Jan-Christoph Lewejohann, Birgit Edel, Stefan Hagel, Michael Hartmann, Bettina Löffler, Jürgen Rödel
Early identification of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) pathogens via PCR may improve the management of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). In this study, we evaluated the implementation of a testing algorithm for ED patients with AGE using the BD MAX automated PCR system. Data from 133 patients were analyzed. A total of 56 patients (42%) tested positive via PCR for at least one bacterial or viral pathogen. The median time to report PCR results was 6.17 h compared to 57.28 h for culture results for bacterial pathogens...
March 6, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534666/rapid-phenotypic-antibiotic-susceptibility-profiling-of-clinical-escherichia-coli-and-klebsiella-pneumoniae-blood-cultures
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Idan Hefetz, Rita Bardenstein, Shahar Rotem, Galia Zaide, Gal Bilinsky, Ohad Shifman, Oren Zimhony, Ronit Aloni-Grinstein
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are defined by the presence of viable bacteria or fungi, accompanied by systemic signs of infection. Choosing empirical therapy based solely on patient risk factors and prior antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) may lead to either ineffective treatment or unnecessarily broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure. In general, Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guideline-approved ASTs have a turnaround time of 48-72 h from sample to answer, a period that may result in a critical delay in the appropriate selection of therapy...
February 29, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534642/proteomics-based-rt-qpcr-and-functional-analysis-of-18-genes-in-metronidazole-resistance-of-bacteroides-fragilis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bakhtiyar Mahmood, Ana Paunkov, Malgorzata Kupc, Katalin Burián, Elisabeth Nagy, David Leitsch, József Sóki
Previously, we reported that metronidazole MICs are not dependent on the expression levels of nim genes in B. fragilis strains and we compared the proteomes of metronidazole-resistant laboratory B. fragilis strains to those of their susceptible parent strains. Here, we used RT-qPCR to correlate the expression levels of 18 candidate genes in a panel of selected, clinical nim gene-positive and -negative B. fragilis strains to their metronidazole MICs. Metronidazole MICs were correlated with the expression of certain tested genes...
February 22, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534261/is-sars-cov-2-now-more-like-the-seasonal-coronaviruses-following-its-evolution
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gülsüm İclal Bayhan, Işil Altan, Halise Mercan, Aslinur Özkaya Parlakay, Zehra Nihan Coşkun, Bedia Dinç, Belgin Gülhan, Saliha Kanik-Yüksek
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 has evolved significantly since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 mortality has decreased due to increased population immunity and possibly the reduced intrinsic severity of the new variants. SARS-CoV-2 is now considered an endemic virus, but the extent to which its clinical findings resemble those of seasonal coronaviruses (sCoV) is not fully understood. METHODS: Pediatric patients under 18 years of age who were sent for SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction between January 1, 2022 and January 14, 2023 and whose results were positive were included in this study...
March 21, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534222/real-time-on-site-monitoring-of-viruses-in-wastewater-using-nanotrap-%C3%A2-particles-and-ricca-technologies
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vishnu Sharma, Hitomi Takamura, Manish Biyani, Ryo Honda
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an effective and efficient tool for the early detection of infectious disease outbreaks in a community. However, currently available methods are laborious, costly, and time-consuming due to the low concentration of viruses and the presence of matrix chemicals in wastewater that may interfere with molecular analyses. In the present study, we designed a highly sensitive "Quick Poop (wastewater with fecal waste) Sensor" (termed, QPsor) using a joint approach of Nanotrap microbiome particles and RICCA (RNA Isothermal Co-Assisted and Coupled Amplification)...
February 21, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534120/diagnosis-of-fasciolosis-antibodies-in-brazilian-cattle-through-elisa-employing-both-native-and-recombinant-antigens
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guilherme Drescher, Hellen Geremias Dos Santos, Mariane Marques da Guarda Pinto, Luis Gustavo Morello, Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
UNLABELLED: Bovine fasciolosis is a parasitic disease with a global reach. Coprological based on egg detection in fecal samples and liver inspection to evaluate the presence of the parasite is currently the gold standard for diagnosing chronic fasciolosis in cattle. However, these techniques are labor-intensive and ineffective during the acute phase of the disease. Serodiagnosis using native and recombinant antigens has become an interesting alternative in efforts to identify cattle fasciolosis...
March 27, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534108/sensitivity-and-specificity-of-the-new-bio-rad-hiv-screening-test-access-hiv-combo-v2
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vincent Guiraud, Yann Ciczora, Muriel Cardona, Christine Defer, Sandrine Gréaume, David Nogues, Agnès Gautheret-Dejean
UNLABELLED: Diagnosing of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 requires a screening with a highly sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay and a low detection limit for the HIV-1 p24 antigen to minimize the diagnostic window. The objective of the study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and p24 limit of detection of the Access HIV combo V2 assay. Retrospective part of sensitivity: 452 HIV-1 positive samples from 403 chronic (9 different HIV-1 group M subtypes, 22 different HIV-1 group M CRFs, and 3 HIV-1 group O), 49 primary HIV-1 infections, 103 HIV-2 positive samples assessed at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 600 untyped HIV-1, 10 subtype-D, and 159 untyped HIV-2 samples assessed in Bio-Rad Laboratories...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
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