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Sign UpClinical negligence
• keyword#1
Andrei Ghila, Stephen Steciw, B Gino Fallone, Satyapal Rathee
PURPOSE: Integrating a linac with a magnetic resonance imager (MRI) will revolutionize the accuracy of external beam radiation treatments. Irradiating in the presence of a strong magnetic field, however, will modify the dose distribution. These dose modifications have been investigated previously, mainly using Monte Carlo simulations. The purpose of this work is to experimentally verify the use of the EGSnrc Monte Carlo (MC) package for calculating percent depth doses (PDDs) in a homogeneous phantom, in the presence of a realistic parallel magnetic field...
June 19, 2017: Medical Physics
#2
Tracy Flenady, Trudy Dwyer, Judith Applegarth
BACKGROUND: Abnormal respiratory rates are one of the first indicators of clinical deterioration in emergency department(ED) patients. Despite the importance of respiratory rate observations, this vital sign is often inaccurately recorded on ED observation charts, compromising patient safety. Concurrently, there is a paucity of research reporting why this phenomenon occurs. OBJECTIVE: To develop a substantive theory explaining ED registered nurses' reasoning when they miss or misreport respiratory rate observations...
June 13, 2017: International Journal of Nursing Studies
#3
Nika Guberina, Saravanabavaan Suntharalingam, Kai Naßenstein, Michael Forsting, Jens Theysohn, Axel Wetter, Adrian Ringelstein
Background The importance of monitoring of the radiation dose received by the human body during computed tomography (CT) examinations is not negligible. Several dose-monitoring software tools emerged in order to monitor and control dose distribution during CT examinations. Some software tools incorporate Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and allow calculation of effective dose and organ dose apart from standard dose descriptors. Purpose To verify the results of a dose-monitoring software tool based on MCS in assessment of effective and organ doses in thoracic CT protocols...
January 1, 2017: Acta Radiologica
#4
Dario Roccatello, Savino Sciascia, Daniela Rossi, Mirella Alpa, Carla Naretto, Massimo Radin, Roberta Fenoglio, Simone Baldovino, Elisa Menegatti
BACKGROUND: ANCA associated vasculitides (AAV) often present with a chronic relapsing course. Relapse leads to increased immunosuppressive exposure and consequent toxicity. While two randomized controlled trials have shown rituximab (RTX) to be the most effective induction treatment in patients with relapsing disease, the optimal treatment duration and RTX dose remain debated. Whether to administer a maintenance dose to every patient, at a fixed time interval or on the basis of B cell count and ANCA titre or only when disease manifestations do occur is still debated as well...
May 23, 2017: Oncotarget
#5
Cyril Moignier, Dominique Tromson, Ludovic de Marzi, Fanny Marsolat, Juan Carlos García Hernández, Mathieu Agelou, Michal Pomorski, Romuald Woo, Jean-Michel Bourbotte, Fabien Moignau, Delphine Lazaro, Alejandro Mazal
The scope of this work was to develop a synthetic single crystal diamond dosimeter (SCDD-Pro) for accurate relative dose measurements of clinical proton beams in water. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out based on the MCNPX code in order to investigate and reduce the dose curve perturbation caused by the SCDD-Pro. In particular, various diamond thicknesses were simulated to evaluate the influence of the active volume thickness (e AV) as well as the influence of the addition of a front silver resin (250 µm in thickness in front of the diamond crystal) on depth-dose curves...
July 7, 2017: Physics in Medicine and Biology
#6
Nuša Avguštin, Alexander Jerman, Žiga Rotar, Špela Borštnar, Andrej Škoberne, Jelka Lindič
INTRODUCTION: It has been postulated that erythrocyte cell lysis in urine is common in the case of low urine specific gravity and high urine pH. We aimed to verify the influence of urine dipstick pH and specific gravity on erythrocyturia in the urine sediment in the case of positive dipstick hemoglobinuria. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data on dipstick specific gravity, pH, and urine sediment analysis done by nephrologists in the clinical and research urine laboratory at the Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Ljubljana...
June 9, 2017: Clinical Nephrology
#7
Julie Jacobs, Vanessa Deschoolmeester, Christian Rolfo, Karen Zwaenepoel, Jolien Van den Bossche, Christophe Deben, Karen Silence, Hans de Haard, Christophe Hermans, Sylvie Rottey, Christel Vangestel, Filip Lardon, Evelien Smits, Patrick Pauwels
In contrast to the negligible expression of the immunomodulating protein CD70 in normal tissue, we have demonstrated constitutive overexpression of CD70 on tumor cells in a subset of primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) biopsies. This can be exploited by CD70-targeting antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-inducing antibodies. Early clinical trials of these antibodies have already shown promising results in CD70-positive malignancies.In this study, we explored the potential of cisplatin to induce CD70 expression in NSCLC...
May 23, 2017: Oncotarget
#8
REVIEW
Mohammad Zakaria Nassani
Crowns, fixed partial dentures, and removable dentures are the popular prosthetic dental restorations in current dental practice. Prosthodontic rehabilitation of the mouth, particularly in advanced and complex cases, requires careful planning, adequate clinical skills, and exacting technical standards. While a successful outcome is the ultimate goal for any prosthodontic treatment, complications, injuries, dissatisfaction, and/or failure may occur. When such events develop as a result of negligence or violation of standards of care, they are considered under the term of malpractice and may incur ethical and medico-legal implications...
June 9, 2017: Journal of Prosthodontics: Official Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
#9
Elliott D Crouser, Peter White, Evelyn Guirado Caceres, Mark W Julian, Audrey C Papp, Landon W Locke, Wolfgang Sadee, Larry S Schlesinger
Many aspects of pathogenic granuloma formation are poorly understood requiring new relevant laboratory models that represent the complexity (genetics and diversity) of human disease. To address this need, we developed an in vitro model of granuloma formation using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with active sarcoidosis, latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI), or normal healthy controls. PBMCs were incubated for 7 days with uncoated polystyrene beads or beads coated with purified protein derivative (PPD) or human serum albumin (HSA)...
June 9, 2017: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
#10
F Cullati, A Mapelli, G Beltramini, M Codari, C L Pimenta Ferreira, A Baj, A B Giannì, C Sforza
BACKGROUND: Condylar hyperplasia is a rare bone disease characterised by excessive development of mandibular condyle, which can lead to the development of asymmetric facial deformity together with malocclusion, mandibular deviation, TMJ and masticatory musculoskeletal system dysfunction. There is not a treatment protocol universally accepted. In order to determine the correct management, treatment and intervention timing of these patients, morphological examinations should be coupled with functional assessments...
June 2017: European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry: Official Journal of European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry
#11
Dahou Yang, Gowtham Subramanian, Jinming Duan, Shaobing Gao, Li Bai, Rajesh Chandramohanadas, Ye Ai
Increasing resistance by malaria parasites to currently used antimalarials across the developing world warrants timely detection and classification so that appropriate drug combinations can be administered before clinical complications arise. However, this is often challenged by low levels of infection (referred to as parasitemia) and presence of predominantly young parasitic forms in the patients' peripheral blood. Herein, we developed a simple, inexpensive and portable image-based cytometer that detects and numerically counts Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells (iRBCs) from Giemsa-stained smears derived from infected blood...
2017: PloS One
#12
Valerio Zacà, Marco Breschi, Alberto Mandorli, Luca Panchetti, Giuseppe Ricciardi, Stefano Viani, Pasquale Notarstefano
AIMS: To investigate the different strategies adopted for the management of antithrombotic therapy and the related hemorrhagic and infective complication rates in patients undergoing cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) surgery in a real-world setting. METHODS: THE Management of AntiThrOMbotic therApy in patients undergoing electrophysiological device surgery: Italian NatiOnal Multicenter Observational REgistry (HEMATOMA NO MORE) is an observational, prospective, multicenter, national cohort study (with a retrospective, multicenter, regional pilot phase) designed to enroll patients with standard indications to CIED implantations/replacements receiving concomitant antithrombotic therapy...
June 7, 2017: Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine
#13
Mario Iannaccone, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Paolo Vadalà, Stephen B Wilton, Patrizia Noussan, Francesco Colombo, Sergio Raposeiras Roubín, Emad Abu Assi, José Ramón González-Juanatey, Jose Paulo Simao Henriques, Jorge Saucedo, Wouter J Kikkert, Iván Nuñez-Gil, Albert Ariza-Sole, Xian-Tao Song, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Christoph Liebetrau, Tetsuma Kawaji, Claudio Moretti, Roberto Garbo, Zenon Huczek, Shao-Ping Nie, Toshiharu Fujii, Luis Cl Correia, Masa-Aki Kawashiri, José María García Acuña, Danielle Southern, Emilio Alfonso, Belén Terol, Alberto Garay, Dongfeng Zhang, Yalei Chen, Ioanna Xanthopoulou, Neriman Osman, Helge Möllmann, Hiroki Shiomi, Francesca Giordana, Michal Kowara, Krzysztof Filipiak, Xiao Wang, Yan Yan, Jing-Yao Fan, Yuji Ikari, Takuya Nakahashi, Kenji Sakata, Fiorenzo Gaita, Masakazu Yamagishi, Oliver Kalpak, Sasko Kedev
BACKGROUND: The prevalence and outcome of patients with cancer that experience acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have to be determined. METHODS AND RESULTS: The BleeMACS project is a multicentre observational registry enrolling patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention worldwide in 15 hospitals. The primary endpoint was a composite event of death and re-infarction after one year of follow-up. Bleedings were the secondary endpoint...
June 1, 2017: European Heart Journal. Acute Cardiovascular Care
#14
Leda Gattoc, Paula M Frew, Shontell N Thomas, Kirk A Easley, Laura Ward, H-H Sherry Chow, Chiemi A Ura, Lisa Flowers
BACKGROUND: This is a Phase I trial demonstrating safety and tolerability of intravaginal curcumin for future use in women with cervical neoplasia. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravaginal curcumin in healthy women. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a 3+3 dose-escalation Phase I trial in a group of women aged 18-45 years. Thirteen subjects were given one of four doses of curcumin powder (500 mg, 1,000 mg, 1,500 mg, and 2,000 mg) packed in gelatin capsules, which was administered intravaginally daily for 14 days...
2017: Open Access Journal of Clinical Trials
#15
REVIEW
Małgorzata Nędzi-Góra, Jan Kowalski, Renata Górska
The uniqueness of periodontal diseases is caused by several factors. This group of diseases is caused by numerous bacterial species formed in the dental biofilm, and one cannot distinguish the specific pathogen that is responsible for the disease initiation or progress (though Gram-negative anaerobic rods are associated with the advanced form of the disease). The disease is both infectious and inflammatory in its nature, and in the state of health there is always a subclinical level of inflammatory response, caused by the so-called harmless bacteria...
June 6, 2017: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
#16
Christian Rylander, Hans Friberg, Elna-Marie Larsson, Lars Johan Liedholm, Sten Rubertsson, Tobias Cronberg
Assessment of neurologic prognosis after cardiac arrest. Updated recommendations from the Swedish CPR Council Expert Group European Resuscitation Council (ERC) issued updated guidelines for postresuscitation care in 2015. This paper provides updated Swedish recommendations for neurological prognostication of patients remaining unconscious after cardiac arrest (CA). The prognostication should be based on independent methods; clinical and neurophysiological examinations, imaging and biomarkers. It should not be performed earlier than three days after CA and any influence from sedatives must be negligible...
June 2, 2017: Läkartidningen
#17
Yasuhiro Otaki, Makiko DaSilva Ishida, Yuichi Saito, Yasuaki Oyama, Giichiro Oiso, Mitsuru Moriyama
BACKGROUND: Despite an increasing awareness of the risk of medical errors, few data sources are available to highlight the characteristics and patterns of medical errors in the clinical management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study aimed to evaluate medical malpractice claims associated with the management of RA and other autoimmune connective tissue diseases (ACTDs). METHODS: We analyzed 38 ACTD-associated closed claims extracted from a total of 8530 claims processed between July 2004 and June 2014 by the Tokyo headquarters office of Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Incorporated, a leading malpractice insurer in Japan...
June 20, 2017: Chinese Medical Journal
#18
Kate Swanson, Anna R Whelan, William A Grobman, Emily S Miller
BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord arterial blood gas values are used to diagnose fetal acidemia, however arterial cord blood specimens are frequently not available. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether umbilical cord venous blood gas values can be used to reliably predict fetal acidemia. STUDY DESIGN: This is an observational study of women with a singleton gestation at a single tertiary care hospital who delivered between September 2010 and August 2015 and had both umbilical cord arterial and venous blood gas samples measured...
May 31, 2017: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
#19
W Marty Blom, Astrid G Kruizinga, Carina M Rubingh, Ben C Remington, René W R Crevel, Geert F Houben
Refined vegetable oils including refined peanut oil are widely used in foods. Due to shared production processes, refined non-peanut vegetable oils can contain residual peanut proteins. We estimated the predicted number of allergic reactions to residual peanut proteins using probabilistic risk assessment applied to several scenarios involving food products made with vegetable oils. Variables considered were: a) the estimated production scale of refined peanut oil, b) estimated cross-contact between refined vegetable oils during production, c) the proportion of fat in representative food products and d) the peanut protein concentration in refined peanut oil...
May 31, 2017: Food and Chemical Toxicology
#20
REVIEW
Nehar Celikkin, Chiara Rinoldi, Marco Costantini, Marcella Trombetta, Alberto Rainer, Wojciech Święszkowski
Tissue engineering (TE) aims to mimic the complex environment where organogenesis takes place using advanced materials to recapitulate the tissue niche. Cells, three-dimensional scaffolds and signaling factors are the three main and essential components of TE. Over the years, materials and processes have become more and more sophisticated, allowing researchers to precisely tailor the final chemical, mechanical, structural and biological features of the designed scaffolds. In this review, we will pose the attention on two specific classes of naturally derived polymers: fibrous proteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)...
September 1, 2017: Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
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